Contact

  • Academic
    agogliet@stanford.edu
    University - Student Department: School of Medicine - IDP's - Neurosciences Position: Graduate

Additional Info

  • Mail Code: 5420

All Publications

  • Inferring retinal ganglion cell light response properties from intrinsic electrical feature Zaidi, M., Aggarwal, G., Shah, N. P., Karniol-Tambour, O., Goetz, G., Madugula, S., Gogliettino, A. R., Wu, E. G., Kling, A., Brackbill, N., Sher, A., Litke, A. M., Chichilnisky, E. J. ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC. 2021

    View details for Web of Science ID 000690761600407

  • Spatially Patterned Bi-electrode Epiretinal Stimulation for Axon Avoidance at Cellular Resolution. Journal of neural engineering Vilkhu, R. S., Madugula, S. S., Grosberg, L. E., Gogliettino, A. R., Hottowy, P., Dabrowski, W., Sher, A., Litke, A. M., Mitra, S., Chichilnisky, E. J. 2021

    Abstract

    Epiretinal prostheses are designed to restore vision to people blinded by photoreceptor degenerative diseases by stimulating surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which carry visual signals to the brain. However, inadvertent stimulation of RGCs at their axons can result in non-focal visual percepts, limiting the quality of artificial vision. Theoretical work has suggested that axon activation can be avoided with current stimulation designed to minimize the second spatial derivative of the induced extracellular voltage along the axon. However, this approach has not been verified experimentally at the resolution of single cells.In this work, a custom multi-electrode array (512 electrodes, 10 μm diameter, 60 μm pitch) was used to stimulate and record RGCs in macaque retina ex vivo at single-cell, single-spike resolution. RGC activation thresholds resulting from bi-electrode stimulation, which consisted of bipolar currents simultaneously delivered through two electrodes straddling an axon, were compared to activation thresholds from traditional single-electrode stimulation.On average, across three retinal preparations, the bi-electrode stimulation strategy reduced somatic activation thresholds (~21%) while increasing axonal activation thresholds (~14%), thus favoring selective somatic activation. Furthermore, individual examples revealed rescued selective activation of somas that was not possible with any individual electrode.This work suggests that a bi-electrode epiretinal stimulation strategy can reduce inadvertent axonal activation at cellular resolution, for high-fidelity artificial vision.

    View details for DOI 10.1088/1741-2552/ac3450

    View details for PubMedID 34710857