Contact

  • Academic
    youngdav@stanford.edu
    University - Student Department: School of Medicine Position: Graduate, Medicine

All Publications

  • Lung transplant perspectives in the era of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI): Navigating clinical uncertainty and ETI limbo among people with cystic fibrosis, a qualitative analysis. Heart & lung : the journal of critical care Basile, M. J., Young, D., Knapp, S., Milinic, T., Vasbinder, A., Bartlett, L. E., Mueller, R., Hartzler, A. L., Berry, D. L., Kapnadak, S. G., Smith, P. J., Riekert, K. A., Ramos, K. J. 2026; 80: 102969

    Abstract

    Improved health among people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) taking highly effective modulator therapies (HEMTs), particularly elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), has altered the trajectory toward lung transplant (LTx). PwCF now face greater uncertainty about clinical outcomes and LTx timing.To explore the experiences and perceptions of PwCF regarding LTx in the context of new clinical uncertainty introduced by HEMTs, particularly ETI.This qualitative study was part of a larger trial evaluating an online educational tool ("Take on Transplant"). Participants were adults with CF, FEV1 <50% predicted. qualitative exit interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using content analysis followed by thematic analysis, achieving data saturation.Among 40 participant interviews, 2 thematic domains emerged. "New Clinical Uncertainty" highlighted ETI's impact, often described as a "game changer" or "miracle," leading to improvements in FEV1, symptoms, and quality of life, delaying LTx discussions for most. Participants commonly engaged in "hedging" about LTx timing, expressing cautious optimism while acknowledging that sudden illness could alter their trajectories. Some experienced "ETI limbo" - being too healthy for LTx yet characterized by anxiety about LTx timing and dissatisfaction with their health and quality of life despite ETI. "Navigating Clinical Uncertainty" identified participants' reliance on FEV1 and other health markers in assessing LTx urgency, high trust in clinicians' knowledge, and appreciation for ongoing clinical conversations about LTx.Clinicians must acknowledge evolving patient perspectives, particularly ETI limbo, and foster ongoing, transparent shared decision-making integrating patient values with clinical data, addressing prognostic uncertainty in this new era of care.

    View details for DOI 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2026.102969

    View details for PubMedID 42849294

  • Utility of the Telemedicine Retinopathy of Prematurity Severity Score in a Tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina Overbey, K. M., Onwona-Agyeman, K., Shah, S. V., Zhao, C. S., Bondzie, S., Braimah, I. Z., Brant, A. R., Wallace, H., Ahya, A., Young, D., Tabin, G. C., Moshfeghi, D. M. 2026: 1-6

    Abstract

    Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness. ROP management needs multidisciplinary coordination and clear communication of disease severity. This study aims to evaluate the usability of the Telemedicine ROP Severity Score (tROP-SS) among nonophthalmologists.Twenty-three neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff completed a questionnaire with terminology from the International Classification for ROP, Third Edition (ICROP3) or tROP-SS. Participants were assessed on ease of use, identification of progression or regression, and communication with families. Accuracy, number of clicks, and time per question were recorded.Accuracy was higher using tROP-SS terminology vs ICROP3 (76.5% ± 29.2% vs 51.7% ± 20.1%; P = .002). Participants preferred tROP-SS across all subjective domains (P < .001), citing improved understandability, disease assessment, and communication.The tROP-SS enhances both accuracy and usability for NICU staff. By simplifying complex classification into a single score, tROP-SS supports multidisciplinary care.

    View details for DOI 10.3928/23258160-20260619-01

    View details for PubMedID 42615814

  • Imaging Artifact Mimicking Retinal Detachment in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina Young, D., Greig, E. P., Ahmed, A. A., Bondzie, S., Yuan, M. Y., Shah, S. V., Brant, A. R., Moshfeghi, D. M. 2026: 1-2

    View details for DOI 10.3928/23258160-20260514-02

    View details for PubMedID 42454873