Frances Reuland

All Publications

• <i>HyperGas</i> 1.0: a python package for analyzing hyperspectral data for greenhouse gases from retrieval to emission rate quantification GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT Zhang, X., Maasakkers, J. D., de Jong, T. A., Tol, P., Reuland, F., Brandt, A. R., Kort, E. A., Adams, T. J., Aben, I. 2026; 19 (13): 5979-6000

  View details for DOI 10.5194/gmd-19-5979-2026

  View details for Web of Science ID 001817165900001

• The Carbon Mapper emissions monitoring system ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES Duren, R., Cusworth, D., Ayasse, A., Howell, K., Diamond, A., Scarpelli, T., Kim, J., O'neill, K., Lai-Norling, J., Thorpe, A., Zandbergen, S. R., Shaw, L., Keremedjiev, M., Guido, J., Giuliano, P., Goldstein, M., Nallapu, R., Barentsen, G., Thompson, D. R., Roth, K., Jensen, D., Eastwood, M., Reuland, F., Adams, T., Brandt, A., Kort, E. A., Mason, J., Green, R. O. 2025; 18 (22): 6933-6958

  View details for DOI 10.5194/amt-18-6933-2025

  View details for Web of Science ID 001622054600001

• Direct measurement of plume velocity to characterize point source emissions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Eastwood, M. L., Thompson, D. R., Green, R. O., Fahlen, J. E., Adams, T. J., Brandt, A. R., Brodrick, P. G., Chlus, A., Kort, E. A., Reuland, F., Thorpe, A. K. 2025; 122 (36): e2507350122

  Abstract

  An explosion of recent research uses remote imaging spectroscopy from aircraft and spacecraft to detect and quantify methane point source emissions. These instruments first map the methane enhancement field and then combine this information with the effective wind speed to estimate the source emission rate. This wind speed is typically the largest uncertainty in derived emission rates. It is often, by necessity, inferred from coarse-resolution meteorological reanalysis products which do not match the spatial or temporal extent of wind experienced by the gas plume. Here, we circumvent this problem by simultaneously measuring plume velocity using the same spectrometer that maps the methane plume. Our approach acquires multiple consecutive views of the same point source, with visual tracking of the plume's features to estimate its ground velocity. This resolves the representational mismatch between reanalysis and effective wind speeds. It provides data with exact spatiotemporal coincidence to the plume being measured. The approach facilitates dramatic improvement in the precision of remote methane point source quantification.

  View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.2507350122

  View details for PubMedID 40892911

• Advancing New Technology and Policy to Manage Methane in This Decisive Decade ENVIRONMENT Gordon, D., Reuland, F. 2023; 65 (6): 5-17

  View details for DOI 10.1080/00139157.2023.2245740

  View details for Web of Science ID 001084569100002

• Evaluating net life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions intensities from gas and coal at varying methane leakage rates ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS Gordon, D., Reuland, F., Jacob, D. J., Worden, J. R., Shindell, D., Dyson, M. 2023; 18 (8)

  View details for DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/ace3db

  View details for Web of Science ID 001029992800001

• Updated Global Fuel Exploitation Inventory (GFEI) for methane emissions from the oil, gas, and coal sectors: evaluation with inversions of atmospheric methane observations ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS Scarpelli, T. R., Jacob, D. J., Grossman, S., Lu, X., Qu, Z., Sulprizio, M. P., Zhang, Y., Reuland, F., Gordon, D., Worden, J. R. 2022; 22 (5): 3235-3249

  View details for DOI 10.5194/acp-22-3235-2022

  View details for Web of Science ID 000768716000001

• Role of cleaners in establishing and maintaining essential environmental conditions in healthcare facilities in Malawi JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT Schram, H., Behnke, N., Tseka, J., Kafanikhale, H., Mofolo, I., Hoffman, I., Reuland, F., McCord, R., Cronk, R. 2022; 12 (3): 302-317

  View details for DOI 10.2166/washdev.2022.206

  View details for Web of Science ID 000750355000001

• Methane emissions in the United States, Canada, and Mexico: evaluation of national methane emission inventories and 2010-2017 sectoral trends by inverse analysis of in situ (GLOBALVIEWplus CH₄ ObsPack) and satellite (GOSAT) atmospheric observations ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS Lu, X., Jacob, D. J., Wang, H., Maasakkers, J. D., Zhang, Y., Scarpelli, T. R., Shen, L., Qu, Z., Sulprizio, M. P., Nesser, H., Bloom, A., Ma, S., Worden, J. R., Fan, S., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Gautam, R., Gordon, D., Moran, M. D., Reuland, F., Villasana, C., Andrews, A. 2022; 22 (1): 395-418

  View details for DOI 10.5194/acp-22-395-2022

  View details for Web of Science ID 000746419600001

• Energy access in Malawian healthcare facilities: consequences for health service delivery and environmental health conditions HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING Reuland, F., Behnke, N., Cronk, R., McCord, R., Fisher, M., Abebe, L., Suhlrie, L., Joca, L., Mofolo, I., Kafanikhale, H., Tseka, J., Rehfuess, E., Tomaro, J., Hoffman, I., Bartram, J. 2020; 35 (2): 142-152

  Abstract

  Many healthcare facilities (HCFs) in low-income countries experience unreliable connectivity to energy sources, which adversely impacts the quality of health service delivery and provision of adequate environmental health services. This assessment explores the status and consequences of energy access through interviews and surveys with administrators and healthcare workers from 44 HCFs (central hospitals, district hospitals, health centres and health posts) in Malawi. Most HCFs are connected to the electrical grid but experience weekly power interruptions averaging 10 h; less than one-third of facilities have a functional back-up source. Inadequate energy availability is associated with irregular water supply and poor medical equipment sterilization; it adversely affects provider safety and contributes to poor lighting and working conditions. Some challenges, such as poor availability and maintenance of back-up energy sources, disproportionately affect smaller HCFs. Policymakers, health system actors and third-party organizations seeking to improve energy access and quality of care in Malawi and similar settings should address these challenges in a way that prioritizes the specific needs of different facility types.

  View details for DOI 10.1093/heapol/czz118

  View details for Web of Science ID 000518549200003

  View details for PubMedID 31722372

• Application of tools to monitor environmental conditions, identify exposures, and inform decision-making to improve infection prevention and control practices in Malawian maternity wards ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT Oza, H., Fisher, M., Abebe, L., Cronk, R., McCord, R., Reuland, F., Behnke, N., Kafanikhale, H., Mofolo, I., Hoffman, I., Bartram, J. 2020; 192 (2): 134

  Abstract

  Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) contribute to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Deficient environmental health (EH) conditions and infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in healthcare facilities (HCFs) contribute to the spread of HAIs, but microbial sampling of sources of contamination is rarely conducted nor reported in low-resource settings. The purpose of this study was to assess EH conditions and IPC practices in Malawian HCFs and evaluate how EH deficiencies contribute to pathogen exposures and HAIs, and to provide recommendations to inform improvements in EH conditions using a mixed-methods approach. Thirty-one maternity wards in government-run HCFs were surveyed in the three regions of Malawi. Questionnaires were administered in parallel with structured observations of EH conditions and IPC practices and microbial testing of water sources and facility surfaces. Results indicated significant associations between IPC practices and microbial contamination. Facilities where separate wards were not available for mothers and newborns with infections and where linens were not used for patients during healthcare services were more likely to have delivery tables with surface contamination (relative risk = 2.23; 1.49, 3.34). E. coli was detected in water samples from seven (23%) HCFs. Our results suggest that Malawian maternity wards could reduce microbial contamination, and potentially reduce the occurrence of HAIs, by improving EH conditions and IPC practices. HCF staff can use the simple, low-cost EH monitoring methods used in this study to incorporate microbial monitoring of EH conditions and IPC practices in HCFs in low-resource settings.

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10661-020-8089-5

  View details for Web of Science ID 000519253900003

  View details for PubMedID 31970501

• The implementation of environmental health policies in health care facilities: The case of Malawi INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH McCord, R., Cronk, R., Tomaro, J., Reuland, F., Behnke, N., Tseka, J., Banda, C., Kafanikhale, H., Mofolo, I., Hoffman, I., Bartram, J. 2019; 222 (4): 705-716

  Abstract

  Establishing and maintaining safe and sufficient environmental health (EH) conditions in health care facilities (HCFs) is important to prevent and control infections. In 2018, the Government of Malawi finalized an environmental health policy that defines specific targets and programs for EH in healthcare settings. This and other related policies have been used since 2010 as a guide for EH practice in HCFs, but the implementation of these policies has been incomplete to-date. This study qualitatively examines the successes and shortcomings of implementing these policies in Malawi's public HCFs. Thematic analysis of interviews with 53 respondents from all levels of government was used to identify the successes of the policies and the barriers to effective implementation using Contextual Interaction Theory. The greatest identified strength lies in the design of the EH department and its ability to connect individual HCFs and EH actors directly to the policy-making level of government. Identified barriers to implementation include: insufficient financial support; lack of human resources; incomplete reporting; poor stakeholder coordination; and insufficient training of EH actors. We recommend refresher trainings for all EH actors, the establishment of a directorate level EH position, and strengthened coordination to improve the collection, analysis, and reporting of monitoring data to enable EH actors to advocate for the additional funding needed to develop programs for EH personnel and to apply effective EH interventions.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.05.003

  View details for Web of Science ID 000474672000014

  View details for PubMedID 31101502