Contact

  • Academic
    gzzhu@stanford.edu
    University - Student Department: Chemistry Position: Graduate

Additional Info

  • Mail Code: 5080

All Publications

  • A safe and non-flammable sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte. Nature communications Sun, H., Zhu, G., Xu, X., Liao, M., Li, Y., Angell, M., Gu, M., Zhu, Y., Hung, W. H., Li, J., Kuang, Y., Meng, Y., Lin, M., Peng, H., Dai, H. 2019; 10 (1): 3302

    Abstract

    Rechargeable sodium metal batteries with high energy density could be important to a wide range of energy applications in modern society. The pursuit of higher energy density should ideally come with high safety, a goal difficult for electrolytes based on organic solvents. Here we report a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte comprised of aluminium chloride/1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride/sodium chloride ionic liquid spiked with two important additives, ethylaluminum dichloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This leads to the first chloroaluminate based ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable sodium metal battery. The obtained batteries reached voltages up to ~4V, high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.9%, and high energy and power density of ~420Whkg-1 and ~1766 W kg-1, respectively. The batteries retained over 90% of the original capacity after 700 cycles, suggesting an effective approach to sodium metal batteries with high energy/high power density, long cycle life and high safety.

    View details for DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2

    View details for PubMedID 31341162

  • An electrodeposition approach to metal/metal oxide heterostructures for active hydrogen evolution catalysts in near-neutral electrolytes NANO RESEARCH Kenney, M. J., Huang, J., Zhu, Y., Meng, Y., Xu, M., Zhu, G., Hung, W., Kuang, Y., Lin, M., Sun, X., Zhou, W., Dai, H. 2019; 12 (6): 1431–35

    View details for DOI 10.1007/s12274-019-2379-7

    View details for Web of Science ID 000469405300026

  • Rechargeable aluminum batteries: effects of cations in ionic liquid electrolytes RSC ADVANCES Zhu, G., Angell, M., Pan, C., Lin, M., Chen, H., Huang, C., Lin, J., Achazi, A. J., Kaghazchi, P., Hwang, B., Dai, H. 2019; 9 (20): 11322–30

    View details for DOI 10.1039/c9ra00765b

    View details for Web of Science ID 000466756100035

  • An operando X-ray diffraction study of chloroaluminate anion-graphite intercalation in aluminum batteries PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Pan, C., Yuan, C., Zhu, G., Zhang, Q., Huang, C., Lin, M., Angell, M., Hwang, B., Kaghazchi, P., Dai, H. 2018; 115 (22): 5670–75

    Abstract

    We investigated rechargeable aluminum (Al) batteries composed of an Al negative electrode, a graphite positive electrode, and an ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte at temperatures down to -40 °C. The reversible battery discharge capacity at low temperatures could be superior to that at room temperature. In situ/operando electrochemical and synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments combined with theoretical modeling revealed stable AlCl4-/graphite intercalation up to stage 3 at low temperatures, whereas intercalation was reversible up to stage 4 at room temperature (RT). The higher-degree anion/graphite intercalation at low temperatures affords rechargeable Al battery with higher discharge voltage (up to 2.5 V, a record for Al battery) and energy density. A remarkable cycle life of >20,000 cycles at a rate of 6C (10 minutes charge time) was achievable for Al battery operating at low temperatures, corresponding to a >50-year battery life if charged/discharged once daily.

    View details for PubMedID 29760096