Contact

  • Academic
    nschiavo@stanford.edu
    University - Student Department: Mechanical Engineering Position: Graduate

Additional Info

  • Mail Code: 3030

All Publications

  • In Vitro Assessment of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Anatomy and Valve Orientation Effects on Bioprosthetic Pulmonary Valve Hemodynamics. Cardiovascular engineering and technology Schiavone, N. K., Elkins, C. J., McElhinney, D. B., Eaton, J. K., Marsden, A. L. 2021

    Abstract

    The congenital heart defect Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) affects 1 in 2500 newborns annually in the US and typically requires surgical repair of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) early in life, with variations in surgical technique leading to large disparities in RVOT anatomy among patients. Subsequently, often in adolescence or early adulthood, patients usually require surgical placement of a xenograft or allograft pulmonary valve prosthesis. Valve longevity is highly variable for reasons that remain poorly understood.This work aims to assess the performance of bioprosthetic pulmonary valves in vitro using two 3D printed geometries: an idealized case based on healthy subjects aged 11 to 13 years and a diseased case with a 150% dilation in vessel diameter downstream of the valve. Each geometry was studied with two valve orientations: one with a valve leaflet opening posterior, which is the native pulmonary valve position, and one with a valve leaflet opening anterior.Full three-dimensional, three-component, phase-averaged velocity fields were obtained in the physiological models using 4D flow MRI. Flow features, particularly vortex formation and reversed flow regions, differed significantly between the RVOT geometries and valve orientations. Pronounced asymmetry in streamwise velocity was present in all cases, while the diseased geometry produced additional asymmetry in radial flows. Quantitative integral metrics demonstrated increased secondary flow strength and recirculation in the rotated orientation for the diseased geometry.The compound effects of geometry and orientation on bioprosthetic valve hemodynamics illustrated in this study could have a crucial impact on long-term valve performance.

    View details for DOI 10.1007/s13239-020-00507-6

    View details for PubMedID 33452649

  • Social enterprise development and renewable energy dissemination in Africa: The experience of the community charging station model in Sierra Leone PROGRESS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Munro, P., van der Horst, G., Willans, S., Kemeny, P., Christiansen, A., Schiavone, N. 2016; 16 (1): 24-38

    View details for DOI 10.1177/1464993415608080

    View details for Web of Science ID 000367242000002