All Publications


  • Optimizing the design of composite phase change materials for high thermal power density JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Barako, M. T., Lingamneni, S., Katz, J. S., Liu, T., Goodson, K. E., Tice, J. 2018; 124 (14)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.5031914

    View details for Web of Science ID 000447148100020

  • Porous micropillar structures for retaining low surface tension liquids JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE Agonafer, D. D., Lee, H., Vasquez, P. A., Won, Y., Jung, K., Lingamneni, S., Ma, B., Shan, L., Shuai, S., Du, Z., Maitra, T., Palko, J. W., Goodson, K. E. 2018; 514: 316–27

    Abstract

    The ability to manipulate fluid interfaces, e.g., to retain liquid behind or within porous structures, can be beneficial in multiple applications, including microfluidics, biochemical analysis, and the thermal management of electronic systems. While there are a variety of strategies for controlling the disposition of liquid water via capillarity, such as the use of chemically modified porous adhesive structures and capillary stop valves or surface geometric features, methods that work well for low surface tension liquids are far more difficult to implement. This study demonstrates the microfabrication of a silicon membrane that can retain exceptionally low surface tension fluorinated liquids against a significant pressure difference across the membrane via an array of porous micropillar structures. The membrane uses capillary forces along the triple phase contact line to maintain stable liquid menisci that yield positive working Laplace pressures. The micropillars have inner diameters and thicknesses of 1.5-3 μm and ∼1 μm, respectively, sustaining Laplace pressures up to 39 kPa for water and 9 kPa for Fluorinert™ (FC-40). A theoretical model for predicting the change in pressure as the liquid advances along the porous micropillar structure is derived based on a free energy analysis of the liquid meniscus with capped spherical geometry. The theoretical prediction was found to overestimate the burst pressure compared with the experimental measurements. To elucidate this deviation, transient numerical simulations based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) were performed to explore the liquid pressure and evolution of meniscus shape under different flow rates (i.e., Capillary numbers). The results from VOF simulations reveal strong dynamic effects where the anisotropic expansion of liquid along the outer micropillar edge leads to an irregular meniscus shape before the liquid spills along the micropillar edge. These findings suggest that the analytical prediction of burst Laplace pressure obtained under quasi-static condition (i.e., equilibrium thermodynamic analysis under low capillary number) is not applicable to highly dynamic flow conditions, where the liquid meniscus shape deformation by flow perturbation cannot be restored by surface tension force instantaneously. Therefore, the critical burst pressure is dependent on the liquid velocity and viscosity under dynamic flow conditions. A numerical simulation using Surface Evolver also predicts that surface defects along the outer micropillar edge can yield up to 50% lower Laplace pressures than those predicted with ideal feature geometries. The liquid retention strategy developed here can facilitate the routing and phase management of dielectric working fluids for application in heat exchangers. Further improvements in the retention performance can be realized by optimizing the fabrication process to reduce surface defects.

    View details for PubMedID 29275250

  • Thermal characterization and analysis of microliter liquid volumes using the three-omega method. Review of scientific instruments Roy-Panzer, S., Kodama, T., Lingamneni, S., Panzer, M. A., Asheghi, M., Goodson, K. E. 2015; 86 (2): 024901-?

    Abstract

    Thermal phenomena in many biological systems offer an alternative detection opportunity for quantifying relevant sample properties. While there is substantial prior work on thermal characterization methods for fluids, the push in the biology and biomedical research communities towards analysis of reduced sample volumes drives a need to extend and scale these techniques to these volumes of interest, which can be below 100 pl. This work applies the 3ω technique to measure the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and heat capacity of de-ionized water, silicone oil, and salt buffer solution droplets from 24 to 80 °C. Heater geometries range in length from 200 to 700 μm and in width from 2 to 5 μm to accommodate the size restrictions imposed by small volume droplets. We use these devices to measure droplet volumes of 2 μl and demonstrate the potential to extend this technique down to pl droplet volumes based on an analysis of the thermally probed volume. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses provide guidance for relevant design variables for characterizing properties of interest by investigating the tradeoffs between measurement frequency regime, device geometry, and substrate material. Experimental results show that we can extract thermal conductivity and heat capacity with these sample volumes to within less than 1% of thermal properties reported in the literature.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4907353

    View details for PubMedID 25725871

  • Thermal characterization and analysis of microliter liquid volumes using the three-omega method. Review of scientific instruments Roy-Panzer, S., Kodama, T., Lingamneni, S., Panzer, M. A., Asheghi, M., Goodson, K. E. 2015; 86 (2): 024901-?

    Abstract

    Thermal phenomena in many biological systems offer an alternative detection opportunity for quantifying relevant sample properties. While there is substantial prior work on thermal characterization methods for fluids, the push in the biology and biomedical research communities towards analysis of reduced sample volumes drives a need to extend and scale these techniques to these volumes of interest, which can be below 100 pl. This work applies the 3ω technique to measure the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and heat capacity of de-ionized water, silicone oil, and salt buffer solution droplets from 24 to 80 °C. Heater geometries range in length from 200 to 700 μm and in width from 2 to 5 μm to accommodate the size restrictions imposed by small volume droplets. We use these devices to measure droplet volumes of 2 μl and demonstrate the potential to extend this technique down to pl droplet volumes based on an analysis of the thermally probed volume. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses provide guidance for relevant design variables for characterizing properties of interest by investigating the tradeoffs between measurement frequency regime, device geometry, and substrate material. Experimental results show that we can extract thermal conductivity and heat capacity with these sample volumes to within less than 1% of thermal properties reported in the literature.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4907353

    View details for PubMedID 25725871