Thomas Dee

All Publications

• Higher chronic absenteeism threatens academic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Dee, T. S. 2024; 121 (3): e2312249121

  Abstract

  The broad and substantial educational harm caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has motivated large federal, state, and local investments in academic recovery. However, the success of these efforts depends in part on students' regular school attendance. Using state-level data, I show that the rate of chronic absenteeism among US public-school students grew substantially as students returned to in-person instruction. Specifically, between the 2018-2019 and 2021-2022 school years, the share of students chronically absent grew by 13.5 percentage points-a 91-percent increase that implies an additional 6.5 million students are now chronically absent. State-level increases in chronic absenteeism are positively associated with the prevalence of school closures during the 2020-2021 school year. However, these increases do not appear to be associated with enrollment loss, COVID-19 case rates, school masking policies, or declines in youth mental health. This evidence indicates that the barriers to learning implied by the sharp increase in chronic absenteeism merit further scrutiny and policy responses.

  View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.2312249121

  View details for PubMedID 38194454

• Where the Kids Went: Nonpublic Schooling and Demographic Change during the Pandemic Exodus from Public Schools TEACHERS COLLEGE RECORD Dee, T. S. 2023; 125 (6): 119-129

  View details for DOI 10.1177/01614681231190201

  View details for Web of Science ID 001045099600006

• The Revealed Preferences for School Reopening: Evidence From Public-School Disenrollment AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL Dee, T. S., Huffaker, E., Phillips, C., Sagara, E. 2022

  View details for DOI 10.3102/00028312221140029

  View details for Web of Science ID 000903037700001

• A community response approach to mental health and substance abuse crises reduced crime. Science advances Dee, T. S., Pyne, J. 2022; 8 (23): eabm2106

  Abstract

  Police officers often serve as first responders to mental health and substance abuse crises. Concerns over the unintended consequences and high costs associated with this approach have motivated emergency response models that augment or completely remove police involvement. However, there is little causal evidence evaluating these programs. This preregistered study presents quasi-experimental evidence on the impact of an innovative "community response" pilot in Denver that directed targeted emergency calls to health care responders instead of the police. We find robust evidence that the program reduced reports of targeted, less serious crimes (e.g., trespassing, public disorder, and resisting arrest) by 34% and had no detectable effect on more serious crimes. The sharp reduction in targeted crimes reflects the fact that health-focused first responders are less likely to report individuals they serve as criminal offenders and the spillover benefits of the program (e.g., reducing crime during hours when the program was not in operation).

  View details for DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abm2106

  View details for PubMedID 35675395

• Bias in online classes: Evidence from a field experiment ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Baker, R., Dee, T., Evans, B., John, J. 2022; 88

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2022.102259

  View details for Web of Science ID 000796929900001

• Patterns in the Pandemic Decline of Public School Enrollment EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHER Dee, T. S., Murphy, M. 2021

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0013189X211034481

  View details for Web of Science ID 000684356800001

• My Brother's Keeper? The Impact of Targeted Educational Supports Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Dee, T. S., Penner, E. K. 2021

  View details for DOI 10.1002/pam.22328

• Ethnic studies increases longer-run academic engagement and attainment Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences Bonilla, S., Dee, T. S., Penner, E. K. 2021; 118 (37)

  View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.2026386118

• Vanished Classmates: The Effects of Local Immigration Enforcement on School Enrollment AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL Dee, T. S., Murphy, M. 2020; 57 (2): 694–727

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0002831219860816

  View details for Web of Science ID 000523925000007

• The Effects of Accountability Incentives in Early Childhood Education JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT Bassok, D., Dee, T. S., Latham, S. 2019; 38 (4): 838-+

  View details for DOI 10.1002/pam.22149

  View details for Web of Science ID 000485001700003

• The gift of time? School starting age and mental health HEALTH ECONOMICS Dee, T. S., Sievertsen, H. 2018; 27 (5): 781–802

  Abstract

  Using linked Danish survey and register data, we estimate the causal effect of age at kindergarten entry on mental health. Danish children are supposed to enter kindergarten in the calendar year in which they turn 6 years. In a "fuzzy" regression-discontinuity design based on this rule and exact dates of birth, we find that a 1-year delay in kindergarten entry dramatically reduces inattention/hyperactivity at age 7 (effect size = -0.73), a measure of self-regulation with strong negative links to student achievement. The effect is primarily identified for girls but persists at age 11.

  View details for PubMedID 29424005

• The Causal Effects of Cultural Relevance: Evidence From an Ethnic Studies Curriculum AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL Dee, T. S., Penner, E. K. 2017; 54 (1): 127-166

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0002831216677002

  View details for Web of Science ID 000395319300005

• Incentives, Selection, and Teacher Performance: Evidence from IMPACT JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT Dee, T. S., Wyckoff, J. 2015; 34 (2): 267-?

  View details for DOI 10.1002/pam.21818

  View details for Web of Science ID 000351222000003

• The Impact of No Child Left Behind on Student Achievement JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT Dee, T. S., Jacob, B. 2011; 30 (3): 418-U60

  View details for DOI 10.1002/pam.20586

  View details for Web of Science ID 000291362200002

• A teacher like me: Does race, ethnicity, or gender matter? Dee, T. S. AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC. 2005: 158-165

  View details for DOI 10.1257/000282805774670446

  View details for Web of Science ID 000233172500029

• Are there civic returns to education? JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS Dee, T. S. 2004; 88 (9-10): 1697-1720

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2003.11.002

  View details for Web of Science ID 000222185300002

• Teachers, race, and student achievement in a randomized experiment REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS Dee, T. S. 2004; 86 (1): 195-210

  View details for DOI 10.1162/003465304323023750

  View details for Web of Science ID 000220322400012

• The Dynamic Effects of a Summer Learning Program on Behavioral Engagement in School EDUCATION FINANCE AND POLICY Pyne, J., Messner, E., Dee, T. S. 2023; 18 (1): 127-155

  View details for DOI 10.1162/edfp_a_00368

  View details for Web of Science ID 000921746100006

• Higher Chronic Absenteeism Threatens Academic Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic Dee, T. Open Science Framework. 2023 ; OSF Preprints

  Abstract

  The broad and substantial educational harm caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has motivated large federal, state, and local investments in academic recovery. However, the success of these efforts depends in part on students’ regular school attendance. Using newly collected data, I show that the rate of chronic absenteeism among U.S. public-school students grew substantially as students returned to in-person instruction. Specifically, between the 2018-19 and 2021-22 school years, the share of students chronically absent grew by 13.5 percentage points—a 91-percent increase that implies an additional 6.5 million students are now chronically absent. Enrollment loss, COVID-19 case rates, and school masking policies are not associated with the state-level growth in chronic absenteeism. This suggests the sharp rise in chronic absenteeism reflects other important barriers to learning (e.g., declining youth mental health, academic disengagement) that merit further scrutiny and policy responses.

• Public-Sector Leadership and Philanthropy: The Case of Broad Superintendents EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Dee, T. S., Loeb, S., Shi, Y. 2022

  View details for DOI 10.3102/01623737221113575

  View details for Web of Science ID 000842698900001

• Mobile Phones, Civic Engagement, and School Performance in Pakistan ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Asim, M., Dee, T. S. 2022; 89

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2022.102254

  View details for Web of Science ID 000807823800001

• IS EFFECTIVE TEACHER EVALUATION SUSTAINABLE? EVIDENCE FROM DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA PUBLIC SCHOOLS EDUCATION FINANCE AND POLICY Dee, T. S., James, J., Wyckoff, J. 2021; 16 (2): 313-346

  View details for DOI 10.1162/edfp_a_00303

  View details for Web of Science ID 000663368500006

• Assessing the Impact of a Test Question: Evidence from the "Underground Railroad" Controversy EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT-ISSUES AND PRACTICE Dee, T. S., Domingue, B. W. 2020

  View details for DOI 10.1111/emip.12411

  View details for Web of Science ID 000599977400001

• The Effects of School Reform under NCLB Waivers: Evidence from Focus Schools in Kentucky EDUCATION FINANCE AND POLICY Bonilla, S., Dee, T. S. 2020; 15 (1): 75–103

  View details for DOI 10.1162/edfp_a_00275

  View details for Web of Science ID 000504735900004

• School Performance, Accountability, and Waiver Reforms: Evidence From Louisiana EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Dee, T. S., Dizon-Ross, E. 2019; 41 (3): 316–49

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0162373719849944

  View details for Web of Science ID 000477868200004

• The Causes and Consequences of Test Score Manipulation: Evidence from the New York Regents Examinations AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-APPLIED ECONOMICS Dee, T. S., Dobbie, W., Jacob, B. A., Rockoff, J. 2019; 11 (3): 382–423

  View details for DOI 10.1257/app.20170520

  View details for Web of Science ID 000473117200011

• Text as Data Methods for Education Research JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS Fesler, L., Dee, T., Baker, R., Evans, B. 2019; 12 (4): 707-727

  View details for DOI 10.1080/19345747.2019.1634168

  View details for Web of Science ID 000620703800008

• How a data-driven course planning tool affects college students' GPA: Evidence from two field experiments Chaturapruek, S., Dee, T. S., Johari, R., Kizilcec, R. F., Stevens, M. L., ACM ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. 2018

  View details for DOI 10.1145/3231644.3231668

  View details for Web of Science ID 000546308900063

• Teacher Turnover, Teacher Quality, and Student Achievement in DCPS EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Adnot, M., Dee, T., Katz, V., Wyckoff, J. 2017; 39 (1): 54-76

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0162373716663646

  View details for Web of Science ID 000396913500003

• Understanding and addressing teacher shortages in the United States Dee, T. S., Goldhaber, D. Brookings Institution, Hamilton Project. 2017
• Be a Good Samaritan to a Good Samaritan: Field evidence of other-regarding preferences in China CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW Chang, S., Dee, T. S., Tse, C. W., Yu, L. 2016; 41: 23-33

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.chieco.2016.08.007

  View details for Web of Science ID 000389966300002

• A Randomized Experiment Testing the Efficacy of a Scheduling Nudge in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) AERA OPEN Baker, R., Evans, B., Dee, T. 2016; 2 (4)

  View details for DOI 10.1177/2332858416674007

  View details for Web of Science ID 000509660700008

• PROPERTY TAXES AND POLITICIANS: EVIDENCE FROM SCHOOL BUDGET ELECTIONS NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL Barr, A. C., Dee, T. S. 2016; 69 (3): 517-544

  View details for DOI 10.17310/ntj.2016.3.02

  View details for Web of Science ID 000384035800002

• Persistence Patterns in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION Evans, B. J., Baker, R. B., Dee, T. S. 2016; 87 (2): 206-242

  View details for Web of Science ID 000370465800003

• The achievement and course-taking effects of magnet schools: Regression-discontinuity evidence from urban China ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Dee, T., Lan, X. 2015; 47: 128-142

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2015.05.007

  View details for Web of Science ID 000359171800009

• Social Identity and Achievement Gaps: Evidence From an Affirmation Intervention JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS Dee, T. S. 2015; 8 (2): 149-168

  View details for DOI 10.1080/19345747.2014.906009

  View details for Web of Science ID 000352324300001

• STEREOTYPE THREAT AND THE STUDENT-ATHLETE ECONOMIC INQUIRY Dee, T. S. 2014; 52 (1): 173-182

  View details for DOI 10.1111/ecin.12006

  View details for Web of Science ID 000339801700010

• Do parental involvement laws deter risky teen sex? JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS Colman, S., Dee, T. S., Joyce, T. 2013; 32 (5): 873-880

  Abstract

  Parental involvement (PI) laws require that physicians notify or obtain consent from a parent(s) of a minor seeking an abortion before performing the procedure. Several studies suggest that PI laws curb risky sexual behavior because teens realize that they would be compelled to discuss a subsequent pregnancy with a parent. We show that prior evidence based on gonorrhea rates overlooked the frequent under-reporting of gonorrhea by race and ethnicity, and present new evidence on the effects of PI laws using more current data on the prevalence of gonorrhea and data that are novel to this literature (i.e., chlamydia rates and data disaggregated by year of age). We improve the credibility of our estimates over those in the existing literature using an event-study design in addition to standard difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) models. Our findings consistently suggest no association between PI laws and rates of sexually transmitted infections or measures of sexual behavior.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.06.003

  View details for Web of Science ID 000326061000010

  View details for PubMedID 23892483

• The Effects of NCLB on School Resources and Practices EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Dee, T. S., Jacob, B., Schwartz, N. L. 2013; 35 (2): 252-279

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0162373712467080

  View details for Web of Science ID 000330301900008

• When a Nudge Isn't Enough: Defaults and Savings among Low-Income Tax Filers National Tax Journal Bronchetti, E. T., Dee, T. S., Huffman, D. B., Magenheim, E. 2013; 66 (3): 609-634
• Rational Ignorance in Education A Field Experiment in Student Plagiarism JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCES Dee, T. S., Jacob, B. A. 2012; 47 (2): 397-434

  View details for DOI 10.1353/jhr.2012.0012

  View details for Web of Science ID 000303033200004

• Stereotype Threat in the Real World Stereotype threat: Theory, process, and application Aronson, J., Dee, T. Oxford University Press. 2012: 264-278
• Conditional cash penalties in education: Evidence from the Learnfare experiment ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Dee, T. S. 2011; 30 (5): 924-937

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.05.013

  View details for Web of Science ID 000295148700013

• The Non-Cognitive Returns to Class Size EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Dee, T. S., West, M. R. 2011; 33 (1): 23-46

  View details for DOI 10.3102/0162373710392370

  View details for Web of Science ID 000288337300002

• Conditional cash penalties in education: Evidence from the Learnfare experiment Economics of Education Review Dee, T. S. 2011; 30 (5): 924-937
• The non-cognitive returns to class size Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis Dee, T. S., West, M. R. 2011; 33 (1): 23-46
• The Impact of No Child Left Behind on Students, Teachers, and Schools Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Dee, T. S., Jacob, B. 2010; 2: 149-194
• Motorcycle helmets and traffic safety JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS Dee, T. S. 2009; 28 (2): 398-412

  Abstract

  Between 1997 and 2005, the number of annual motorcyclist fatalities doubled. Motorcyclist fatalities now account for over 10 percent of all traffic-related fatalities. However, over the last three decades, states have generally been eliminating laws that require helmet use among all motorcyclists. This study examines the effectiveness of helmet use and state laws that mandate helmet use in reducing motorcyclist fatalities. Within-vehicle comparisons among two-rider motorcycles indicate that helmet use reduces fatality risk by 34 percent. State laws requiring helmet use appear to reduce motorcyclist fatalities by 27 percent. Fatality reductions of this magnitude suggest that the health benefits of helmet-use laws are not meaningfully compromised by compensating increases in risk-taking by motorcyclists.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.12.002

  View details for Web of Science ID 000264949000011

  View details for PubMedID 19157608

• Teens and Traffic Safety Risky Behavior among Youth: An Economic Analysis Dee, T. S., Evans, W. N. University of Chicago Press. 2009
• Forsaking all others? The effects of same-sex partnership laws on risky sex ECONOMIC JOURNAL Dee, T. S. 2008; 118 (530): 1055-1078

  View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02160.x

  View details for Web of Science ID 000256853300009

• Out-of-Field Teachers and Student Achievement Evidence from Matched-Pairs Comparisons PUBLIC FINANCE REVIEW Dee, T. S., Cohodes, S. R. 2008; 36 (1): 7-32

  View details for DOI 10.1177/1091142106289330

  View details for Web of Science ID 000443256200002

• Technology and voter intent: Evidence from the california recall election REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS Dee, T. S. 2007; 89 (4): 674-683

  View details for DOI 10.1162/rest.89.4.674

  View details for Web of Science ID 000250384000007

• The strength of graduated drivers license programs and fatalities among teen drivers and passengers ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Morrisey, M. A., Grabowski, D. C., Dee, T. S., Campbell, C. 2006; 38 (1): 135-141

  Abstract

  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of differentially stringent graduated drivers license programs on teen driver fatalities, day-time and night-time teen driver fatalities, fatalities of teen drivers with passengers present, and fatalities among teen passengers.The study uses 1992-2002 data on motor vehicle fatalities among 15-17-year-old drivers from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System to identify the effects of "good", "fair", and "marginal" GDL programs based upon designations by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Analysis is conducted using conditional negative binomial regressions with fixed effects."Good" programs reduce total fatalities among young drivers by 19.4% (c.i. -33.0%, -5.9%). "Fair" programs reduce night-time young driver fatalities by 12.6% (c.i. -23.9%, -1.2%), but have no effect on day-time fatalities. "Marginal" programs had no statistically meaningful effect on driver fatalities. All three types of programs reduced teen passenger fatalities, but the effects of limitations on the number of passengers appear to have had only minimal effects in reducing fatalities among young drivers themselves.Stronger GDL programs are more effective than weaker programs in reducing teenage motor vehicle fatalities.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2005.08.003

  View details for Web of Science ID 000233493600018

  View details for PubMedID 16171767

• The Effects of School Size on Parental Involvement and Social Capital: Evidence from the ELS: 2002 Brookings Papers on Education Policy Dee, T. S., Jacob, B. A., Ha, W. 2006; 9: 77-97
• The effects of catholic schooling on civic participation INTERNATIONAL TAX AND PUBLIC FINANCE Dee, T. S. 2005; 12 (5): 605-625

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10797-005-0477-9

  View details for Web of Science ID 000231759300002

• Graduated driver licensing and teen traffic fatalities JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS Dee, T. S., Grabowski, D. C., Morrisey, M. A. 2005; 24 (3): 571-589

  Abstract

  Over the last 8 years, nearly every state has introduced graduated driver licensing (GDL) for teens. These new licensing procedures require teen drivers to advance through distinct stages where they are subject to a variety of restrictions (e.g., adult supervision, daytime driving, passenger limits). In this study, we present evidence on whether these restrictions have been effective in reducing traffic fatalities among teens. These evaluations are based on state-by-year panel data from 1992 to 2002. We assess the reliability of our basic inferences in several ways including an examination of contemporaneous data for older cohorts who were not directly affected by these policies. Our results indicate that GDL regulations reduced traffic fatalities among 15-17-year-olds by at least 5.6%. We also find that the life-saving benefits of these regulations were plausibly related to their restrictiveness. And we find no evidence that these benefits were attenuated by an increase in fatality risks during the full-licensure period available to older teens.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.09.013

  View details for Web of Science ID 000228715000008

  View details for PubMedID 15811544

• Expense Preference and Student Achievement in School Districts Eastern Economic Journal Dee, T. S. 2005; 31 (1): 23-44
• The fate of new funding: Evidence from Massachusetts' education finance reforms EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS Dee, T. S., Levine, J. 2004; 26 (3): 199-215

  View details for DOI 10.3102/01623737026003199

  View details for Web of Science ID 000225448800001

• Does merit pay reward good teachers? Evidence from a randomized experiment JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT Dee, T. S., Keys, B. J. 2004; 23 (3): 471-488

  View details for DOI 10.1002/pam.20022

  View details for Web of Science ID 000222150500005

• Do charter schools skim students or drain resources? ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Dee, T. S., Fu, H. 2004; 23 (3): 259-271

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2003.10.001

  View details for Web of Science ID 000221435000005

• Lotteries, litigation, and education finance SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL Dee, T. S. 2004; 70 (3): 584-599

  View details for DOI 10.2307/4135332

  View details for Web of Science ID 000188228900008

• Comment on "Peer Effects in Higher Education" College Choices: The Economics of Where to Go, When to Go, and How to Pay For It Dee, T. S. University of Chicago Press. 2004
• The fatality effects of highway speed limits by gender and age ECONOMICS LETTERS Dee, T. S., Sela, R. J. 2003; 79 (3): 401-408

  View details for DOI 10.1016/S0165-1765(03)00026-0

  View details for Web of Science ID 000182815000016

• AIDS mortality may have contributed to the decline in syphilis rates in the United States in the 1990s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES Chesson, H. W., Dee, T. S., Aral, S. O. 2003; 30 (5): 419-424

  Abstract

  The mortality associated with AIDS among men may have had an influence on primary and secondary syphilis trends among men in the United States, through the loss of men at high risk for acquisition or transmission of syphilis in this population and/or by prompting safer sexual behaviors in response to the threat of AIDS.The goal of this study was to examine the association between AIDS mortality rates and primary and secondary syphilis incidence rates among men in the United States from 1984 to 1997.We used a fixed-effects regression analysis of state-level AIDS mortality rates and primary and secondary syphilis incidence rates for men.Our analysis showed a significant association between higher AIDS mortality and lower rates of syphilis incidence, after we controlled for confounding factors. Our model estimates suggested that every 20 AIDS deaths per 100,000 adult men are associated with declines of about 7% to 12% in syphilis incidence rates among men.Increases in AIDS-associated mortality may have accounted for one-third to one-half of the decline in syphilis rates among men in the early 1990s. Recent declines in AIDS mortality in the United States may have contributed to the recent outbreaks of syphilis, particularly among men who have sex with men. Our findings underscore the importance of providing STD prevention services to men with HIV infection and the need for STD surveillance in communities at risk for syphilis outbreaks.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/00007435-200305000-00008

  View details for Web of Science ID 000183048300008

  View details for PubMedID 12916133

• Until death do you part: The effects of unilateral divorce on spousal homicides ECONOMIC INQUIRY Dee, T. S. 2003; 41 (1): 163-182

  View details for DOI 10.1093/ei/41.1.163

  View details for Web of Science ID 000180246000011

• The "First Wave" of Accountability No Child Left Behind? The Politics and Practice of Accountability Dee, T. Brookings Institution Press. 2003
• Teen drinking and educational attainment: Evidence from two-sample instrumental variables estimates JOURNAL OF LABOR ECONOMICS Dee, T. S., Evans, W. N. 2003; 21 (1): 178-209

  View details for DOI 10.1086/344127

  View details for Web of Science ID 000180964600006

• The effects of minimum legal drinking ages on teen childbearing Dee, T. S. UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS. 2001: 823-838

  View details for DOI 10.2307/3069643

  View details for Web of Science ID 000172162200009

• Behavioral policies and teen traffic safety Dee, T. S., Evans, W. N. AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC. 2001: 91-96

  View details for DOI 10.1257/aer.91.2.91

  View details for Web of Science ID 000169114600018

• Alcohol abuse and economic conditions: Evidence from repeated cross-sections of individual-level data HEALTH ECONOMICS Dee, T. S. 2001; 10 (3): 257-270

  Abstract

  This study presents novel evidence on the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and patterns of alcohol consumption. Prior research has suggested that alcohol abuse varies procyclically, implying that income effects dominate any drinking patterns related to the opportunity cost of time or the psychological stress of recessions. However, those inferences have been based either on aggregate measures of consumption volume or possibly confounded cross-sectional identification strategies. This study examines these issues by evaluating detailed consumption data from the more than 700 000 respondents who participated in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys over the 1984-1995 period. The results provide robust evidence that the prevalence of binge drinking is strongly countercyclical. Furthermore, even among those who remain employed, binge drinking increased substantially during economic downturns. This combination of results suggests that recession-induced increases in the prevalence of binge drinking do not simply reflect an increased availability of leisure and may instead reflect the influence of economic stress.

  View details for DOI 10.1002/hec.588

  View details for Web of Science ID 000168302300006

  View details for PubMedID 11288191

• Does Setting Limits Save Lives? The Case of 0.08 BAC Laws Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Dee, T. S. 2001; 20 (1): 111-128
• The capitalization of education finance reforms JOURNAL OF LAW & ECONOMICS Dee, T. S. 2000; 43 (1): 185-214

  View details for DOI 10.1086/467452

  View details for Web of Science ID 000087182500008

• The complementarity of teen smoking and drinking JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS Dee, T. S. 1999; 18 (6): 769-793

  Abstract

  Teen drinkers are over twice as likely as abstainers to smoke cigarettes. This empirical study provides evidence of a robust complementarity between these health behaviors by exploiting the "cross-price" effects. The results indicate that the movement away from minimum legal drinking ages of 18 reduced teen smoking participation by 3 to 5%. The corresponding instrumental variable estimates suggest that teen drinking roughly doubles the mean probability of smoking participation. Similarly, higher cigarette taxes and reductions in teen smoking are associated with a lower prevalence of teen drinking. However, the results which rely on cigarette taxes for identification are estimated imprecisely.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/S0167-6296(99)00018-1

  View details for Web of Science ID 000084161000005

  View details for PubMedID 10847934

• Who loses HOPE? Attrition from Georgia's College Scholarship program SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL Dee, T. S., Jackson, L. A. 1999; 66 (2): 379-390

  View details for DOI 10.2307/1061149

  View details for Web of Science ID 000083197400010

• Data watch - Research data in the economics of education JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES Dee, T. S., Evans, W. N., Murray, S. E. 1999; 13 (3): 205-216

  View details for DOI 10.1257/jep.13.3.205

  View details for Web of Science ID 000082236300014

• Competition and the quality of public schools ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW Dee, T. S. 1998; 17 (4): 419-427

  View details for DOI 10.1016/S0272-7757(97)00040-X

  View details for Web of Science ID 000076867900004

• Reconsidering the effects of seat belt laws and their enforcement status ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Dee, T. S. 1998; 30 (1): 1-10

  Abstract

  The debate over the benefits of mandatory seat belt laws and their enforcement status has focused on a controversial empirical enigma: why have these policies, which appear to have increased belt use sharply, had a relatively small impact on traffic fatalities? In this paper, I offer new insights into this question by examining panel data on observed belt use from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and self-reported data on belt use from pooled cross-sections of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 1985-1993 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. By exploiting the panel nature of these data, I demonstrate that prior estimates, which have not conditioned on the unobserved time-varying determinants of belt use, have dramatically overestimated the impact of seat belt laws and their enforcement status on belt use. The true effects are more consistent with the modest impact these policies have had on traffic fatalities without having to appeal to the possibility of risk compensation by drivers. However, I find strong evidence in support of the selective recruitment hypothesis. Belt use among those most likely to be involved in traffic accidents (e.g. males, drinkers of alcohol, the young) has been significantly less responsive to seat belt laws and their enforcement status.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00056-0

  View details for Web of Science ID 000071301700001

  View details for PubMedID 9542539