Yi Jiang

All Publications

• From bench to bedside: pancreatic juice as a platform for biomarker discovery in pancreatic disease KOREAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE Siddappa, P. K., Kong, N., Lee, A., Jiang, Y., Park, W. G. 2026; 41 (1): 15-30

  Abstract

  Pancreatic juice (PJ) analysis has emerged as a promising modality for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis. This review explores the role of PJ analysis in identifying biomarkers for the early detection and differentiation of pancreatic diseases. PJ, which is rich in pancreatic enzymes and exfoliated cellular material, can be collected endoscopically and is often stimulated by intravenous secretin to enhance its yield. Cytological, proteomic, and genomic analyses of PJ demonstrate its potential in the early detection and differential diagnosis of pancreatic pathologies. The integration of protein-based and genetic markers offers improved sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. However, several challenges persist, including the need for standardized protocols for PJ collection, processing, and analysis. Despite these limitations, PJ analysis represents a valuable adjunct diagnostic approach that warrants further investigation and clinical validation.

  View details for DOI 10.3904/kjim.2025.216

  View details for Web of Science ID 001655802100005

  View details for PubMedID 41531214

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC12800495

• Unequal Burdens: Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Disparities in Chronic Pancreatitis-Related Mortality: A Nationwide Time-trend Analysis Using the 2000-2023 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) database Jiang, Y., Abboud, Y., Dadala, R., Hu, W., Cai, Y., Adeniran, E., Deng, Y., Tan, J., Li, J., Pandol, S. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. 2025

  View details for Web of Science ID 001605986900020

• Multiple substance use and the risk of pancreatitis: a systematic review. Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology Adeniran, E. A., Jiang, Y., Yadav, D., Tan, J., Han, S., Lo, S. K., Pandol, S. J., Jeon, C. Y. 2025; 18: 17562848251365030

  Abstract

  The impact of multiple substance use on the risk of pancreatitis remains underexplored.To systematically review peer-reviewed observational studies assessing the association of multiple substance use with the risk of acute pancreatitis (AP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP) in adults.We conducted a systematic review informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guideline.EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched up to March 2024. Reference lists of included studies were reviewed. From 5205 records identified, 181 relevant records were evaluated in full text. Studies evaluating the association of ⩾2 substances, including tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substances, with AP or CP were included. Data were extracted by one reviewer, with quality control by a second reviewer. Quality assessments were independently conducted by two reviewers, with differences resolved by a third.Of 11 included studies, 6 investigated AP as the outcome and 5 examined CP. Among AP studies, 5 comparing smoking and alcohol to alcohol-only use showed high heterogeneity (I 2 = 90.9%), with relative risks (RRs) from 1.40 to 11.40. One study examining cannabis and alcohol versus alcohol found a lower risk of AP in cannabis users. Among CP studies, four comparing smoking and alcohol to alcohol-only use were heterogeneous (I 2 = 81%) with odds ratios 1.21-31.50. Where examined, smoking increases the risk of AP and CP in a dose-dependent fashion. Heavy alcohol users demonstrated a significant increase in CP risk across all smoking categories in one study.Combined alcohol and tobacco use increases pancreatitis risk compared to single substance use, despite heterogeneity in RRs and exposure definitions. Evidence suggests a dose-dependent impact of smoking on pancreatitis risk when added to alcohol. Studies on the impact of a combination of other substance use on pancreatitis risk are needed.CRD42024503677.

  View details for DOI 10.1177/17562848251365030

  View details for PubMedID 40873658

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC12378497

• Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: Current Advances and Future Opportunities BIOMEDICINES Lin, Z., Adeniran, E. A., Cai, Y., Qureshi, T., Li, D., Gong, J., Li, J., Pandol, S. J., Jiang, Y. 2025; 13 (7)

  Abstract

  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains among the most lethal malignancies, with a five-year survival rate below 12%, largely attributable to its asymptomatic onset, late-stage diagnosis, and limited curative treatment options. Although PDAC accounts for approximately 3% of all cancers, it is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States by 2030. A major contributor to its dismal prognosis is the lack of validated early detection strategies for asymptomatic individuals. In this review, we present a comprehensive synthesis of current advances in the early detection of PDAC, with a focus on the identification of high-risk populations, novel biomarker platforms, advanced imaging modalities, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven tools. We highlight high-risk groups-such as those with new-onset diabetes after age 50, pancreatic steatosis, chronic pancreatitis, cystic precursor lesions, and hereditary cancer syndromes-as priority populations for targeted surveillance. Novel biomarker panels, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), miRNAs, and exosomes, have demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy in early-stage disease. Recent developments in imaging, such as multiparametric MRI, contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound, and molecular imaging, offer improved sensitivity in detecting small or precursor lesions. AI-enhanced radiomics and machine learning models applied to prediagnostic CT scans and electronic health records are emerging as valuable tools for risk prediction prior to clinical presentation. We further refine the Define-Enrich-Find (DEF) framework to propose a clinically actionable strategy that integrates these innovations. Collectively, these advances pave the way for personalized, multimodal surveillance strategies with the potential to improve outcomes in this historically challenging malignancy.

  View details for DOI 10.3390/biomedicines13071733

  View details for Web of Science ID 001535817500001

  View details for PubMedID 40722803

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC12292714

• Navigating chronic pancreatitis pain: a pathophysiological and therapeutic overview Frontiers in Physiology Lin, Z., Pandol, S., Apte, M., Jiang, Y. 2025; 16: 1622845

  Abstract

  Pain management in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients remains a major challenge, largely due to complex and refractory pain. Such pain detrimentally impacts patients by reducing quality of life, limiting daily activities, increasing psychological distress, necessitating frequent hospitalizations, and contributing to opioid dependence and socioeconomic burden. This review delineates the multifaceted nature of CP-related pain, highlighting the roles of neurogenic inflammation, maladaptive neuroplasticity, and disrupted pain modulation pathways. Current management strategies are multidisciplinary, encompassing lifestyle modification, pharmacologic therapies, endoscopic and surgical interventions, and nerve-targeted procedures (e.g., celiac plexus blocks and neurolysis). Advances in genetics, bioinformatics and biomarker research have further enhanced our understanding of CP-related pain pathogenesis, paving the way for precision medicine approaches. This review highlights current evidence and emerging innovations in the evolving landscape of CP-related pain management, emphasizing the importance of tailored and interdisciplinary care to address the intricate mechanism of CP-related pain and improve patient outcomes.

  View details for DOI 10.3389/fphys.2025.1622845

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC12287759

• Multiple substance use and the risk of pancreatitis: A systematic review. Digestive Disease Week Jiang, Y., Adeniran, E., Yadav, D. P., et al 2025
• Celiac disease is associated with increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and hypotensive shock in patients admitted with acute pancreatitis. JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Abboud, Y., Shah, V. P., Jiang, Y., Pendyala, N., Hajifathalian, K. 2024; 8 (8): e70017

  Abstract

  Celiac disease (CD) was shown to be associated with increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP). There is a paucity of literature critically analyzing the association of CD with AP outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CD on outcomes and complications of AP in recent years.A population-based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent impact of CD on AP outcomes while controlling for demographics and comorbidities and all patients refined diagnosis-related groups (APR-DRG) risk of severity subclass.From 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 253 730 inpatients with AP were identified, of which 4640 (0.2%) had CD. On multivariable analysis, while controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness, CD patients had significantly decreased odds for mortality (OR = 0.387), pseudocyst formation (OR = 0.786), sepsis (OR = 0.707), respiratory failure (OR = 0.806), acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 0.804), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.217), (P < 0.05). However, CD patients were at significantly increased odds for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 2.240) and hypotensive shock (OR = 1.718) (P < 0.05). Patients with CD had shorter lengths of stay by 0.4 days and lower total charges by $12 690.Our nationwide study evaluating AP outcomes in patients with CD suggests that patients with CD admitted for AP tend to have better mortality and several other outcomes compared to non-CD patients. We also show that CD patients admitted for AP have a greater risk for DVT and hypotensive shock. Future studies are warranted to validate the revealed findings in CD patients admitted for AP.

  View details for DOI 10.1002/jgh3.70017

  View details for PubMedID 39185484

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC11344560

• Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Mortality Rates Are Disproportionately Increasing in Younger Women in the United States Between 2000-2020. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association Abboud, Y., Mathew, A. G., Meybodi, M. A., Medina-Morales, E., Alsakarneh, S., Choi, C., Jiang, Y., Pyrsopoulos, N. T. 2024; 22 (4): 798-809.e28

  Abstract

  Previous studies show that mortality from chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis is increasing in the United States. However, there are limited data on sex-specific mortality trends by age, race, and geographical location. The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive time-trend analysis of liver disease-related mortality rates in the National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS) database.CLD and cirrhosis mortality rates between 20002020 (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard U.S. population) were collected from the NCHS database and categorized by sex and age into older adults (≥55 years) and younger adults (<55 years), race (Non-Hispanic-White, Non-Hispanic-Black, Hispanic, Non-Hispanic-American-Indian/Alaska-Native, and Non-Hispanic-Asian/Pacific-Islander), U.S. state, and cirrhosis etiology. Time trends, annual percentage change (APC), and average APC (AAPC) were estimated using Joinpoint Regression using Monte Carlo permutation analysis. We used tests for parallelism and identicalness for sex-specific pairwise comparisons of mortality trends (two-sided P value cutoff = .05).Between 20002020, there were 716,651 deaths attributed to CLD and cirrhosis in the U.S. (35.68% women). In the overall population and in older adults, CLD and cirrhosis-related mortality rates were increasing similarly in men and women. However, in younger adults (246,149 deaths, 32.72% women), the rate of increase was greater in women compared with men (AAPC = 3.04 vs 1.08, AAPC-difference = 1.96; P < .001), with non-identical non-parallel data (P values < .001). The disparity was driven by Non-Hispanic-White (AAPC = 4.51 vs 1.79, AAPC-difference = 2.71; P < .001) and Hispanic (AAPC = 1.89 vs -0.65, AAPC-difference = 2.54; P = .001) individuals. The disparity varied between U.S. states and was seen in 16 states, mostly in West Virginia (AAPC = 4.96 vs 0.88, AAPC-difference = 4.08; P < .001) and Pennsylvania (AAPC = 2.81 vs -1.02, AAPC-difference = 3.84; P < .001). Etiology-specific analysis did not show significant sex disparity in younger adults.Mortality rates due to CLD and cirrhosis in the U.S. are increasing disproportionately in younger women. This finding was driven by higher rates in Non-Hispanic White and Hispanic individuals, with variation between U.S. states. Future studies are warranted to identify the reasons for these trends with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.11.013

  View details for PubMedID 38036281

• The Disproportionate Rise in Pancreatic Cancer in Younger Women Is Due to a Rise in Adenocarcinoma and Not Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Nationwide Time-Trend Analysis Using 2001-2018 United States Cancer Statistics Databases. Cancers Jiang, Y., Abboud, Y., Liang, J., Larson, B., Osipov, A., Gong, J., Hendifar, A. E., Atkins, K., Liu, Q., Nissen, N. N., Li, D., Pandol, S. J., Lo, S. K., Gaddam, S. 2024; 16 (5)

  Abstract

  In previous studies, a significant increase in the incidence of pancreatic cancer among younger women compared to men in the United States was noted. However, the specific histopathologic characteristics were not delineated. This population-based study aimed to assess whether this disproportionate rise in pancreatic cancer in younger women was contributed by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). The United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database was used to identify patients with pancreatic cancer between 2001 and 2018. The results showed that, in younger adults, the incidence of PDAC has increased in women [average annual percentage change (AAPC) = 0.62%], while it has remained stable in men (AAPC = -0.09%). The PDAC incidence rate among women increased at a greater rate compared to men with a statistically significant difference in AAPC (p < 0.001), with neither identical nor parallel trends. In contrast, cases of PanNET did not demonstrate a statistically significant sex-specific AAPC difference. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the dramatic increase in the incidence rate of PDAC explains the disproportionate rise in pancreatic cancer incidence in younger women. This prompts further prospective studies to investigate the underlying reasons for these sex-specific disparities in PDAC.

  View details for DOI 10.3390/cancers16050971

  View details for PubMedID 38473332

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC10931165

• Increasing Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in Young Women in the United States: A Population-Based Time-Trend Analysis, 2001-2018. Gastroenterology Abboud, Y., Samaan, J. S., Oh, J., Jiang, Y., Randhawa, N., Lew, D., Ghaith, J., Pala, P., Leyson, C., Watson, R., Liu, Q., Park, K., Paski, S., Osipov, A., Larson, B. K., Hendifar, A., Atkins, K., Nissen, N. N., Li, D., Pandol, S. J., Lo, S. K., Gaddam, S. 2023; 164 (6): 978-989.e6

  Abstract

  Previous studies have shown an increasing incidence of pancreatic cancer (PC), especially in younger women; however, this has not been externally validated. In addition, there are limited data about contributing factors to this trend. We report age and sex-specific time-trend analysis of PC age-adjusted incidence rates (aIRs) using the National Program of Cancer Registries database without Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results data.PC aIR, mortality rates, annual percentage change, and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated and assessed for parallelism and identicalness. Age-specific analyses were conducted in older (≥55 years) and younger (<55 years) adults. PC incidence based on demographics, tumor characteristics, and mortality were evaluated in younger adults.A total of 454,611 patients were diagnosed with PC between 2001 and 2018 with significantly increasing aIR in women (AAPC = 1.27%) and men (AAPC = 1.14%) without a difference (P = .37). Similar results were seen in older adults. However, in younger adults (53,051 cases; 42.9% women), women experienced a greater increase in aIR than men (AAPCs = 2.36%, P < .001 vs 0.62%, P = 0.62) with nonparallel trends (P < .001) and AAPC difference of 1.74% (P < .001). This AAPC difference appears to be due to rising aIR in Blacks (2.23%; P < .001), adenocarcinoma histopathologic subtype (0.89%; P = .003), and location in the head-of-pancreas (1.64%; P < .001). PC mortality was found to be unchanged in women but decreasing in counterpart men (AAPC difference = 0.54%; P = .001).Using nationwide data, covering ≈64.5% of the U.S. population, we externally validate a rapidly increasing aIR of PC in younger women. There was a big separation of the incidence trend between women and men aged 15-34 years between 2001 and 2018 (>200% difference), and it did not show slowing down.

  View details for DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.022

  View details for PubMedID 36775072

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC11364483

• Rising Incidence of Non-Cardia Gastric Cancer among Young Women in the United States, 2000-2018: A Time-Trend Analysis Using the USCS Database. Cancers Oh, J., Abboud, Y., Burch, M., Gong, J., Waters, K., Ghaith, J., Jiang, Y., Park, K., Liu, Q., Watson, R., Lo, S. K., Gaddam, S. 2023; 15 (8)

  Abstract

  Although the global incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer (NCGC) is decreasing, there are limited data on sex-specific incidence in the United States. This study aimed to investigate time trends of NCGC from the SEER database to externally validate findings in a SEER-independent national database, and to further assess trends among subpopulations.Age-adjusted incidence rates of NCGC were obtained from the SEER database from 2000 to 2018. We used joinpoint models to calculate average annual percentage change (AAPC) to determine sex-specific trends among older (≥55 years) and younger adults (15-54 years). Using the same methodology, findings were then externally validated using SEER-independent data from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). Stratified analyses by race, histopathology, and staging at diagnosis were also conducted in younger adults.Overall, there were 169,828 diagnoses of NCGC from both independent databases during the period 2000-2018. In SEER, among those <55 years, incidence increased at a higher rate in women (AAPC = 3.22%, p < 0.01) than men (AAPC = 1.51%, p = 0.03), with non-parallel trends (p = 0.02), while a decreasing trend was seen in both men (AAPC = -2.16%, p < 0.01) and women (AAPC = -1.37%, p < 0.01) of the ≥55 years group. Validation analysis of the SEER-independent NPCR database from 2001 to 2018 showed similar findings. Further stratified analyses showed that incidence is disproportionately increasing in young non-Hispanic White women [AAPC = 2.28%, p < 0.01] while remaining stable in their counterpart men [AAPC = 0.58%, p = 0.24] with non-parallel trends (p = 0.04). This pattern was not observed in other race groups.NCGC incidence has been increasing at a greater rate in younger women compared to counterpart men. This disproportionate increase was mainly seen in young non-Hispanic White women. Future studies should investigate the etiologies of these trends.

  View details for DOI 10.3390/cancers15082283

  View details for PubMedID 37190209

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC10137096

• Pancreatic Cancer Incidence Trends by Race, Ethnicity, Age and Sex in the United States: A Population-Based Study, 2000-2018. Cancers Samaan, J. S., Abboud, Y., Oh, J., Jiang, Y., Watson, R., Park, K., Liu, Q., Atkins, K., Hendifar, A., Gong, J., Osipov, A., Li, D., Nissen, N. N., Pandol, S. J., Lo, S. K., Gaddam, S. 2023; 15 (3)

  Abstract

  Pancreatic cancer (PC) incidence is increasing at a greater rate in young women compared to young men. We performed a race- and ethnicity-specific evaluation of incidence trends in subgroups stratified by age and sex to investigate the association of race and ethnicity with these trends.Age-adjusted PC incidence rates (IR) from the years 2000 to 2018 were obtained from the SEER 21 database. Non-Hispanic White (White), Non-Hispanic Black (Black) and Hispanic patients were included. Age categories included older (ages ≥ 55) and younger (ages < 55) adults. Time-trends were described as annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC).Younger White [AAPC difference = 0.73, p = 0.01)], Black [AAPC difference = 1.96, p = 0.01)] and Hispanic [AAPC difference = 1.55, p = 0.011)] women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to their counterpart men. Younger Hispanic women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to younger Black women [AAPC difference = -1.28, p = 0.028)] and younger White women [AAPC difference = -1.35, p = 0.011)].Younger women of all races and ethnicities experienced a greater rate of increase in PC IR compared to their counterpart men; however, younger Hispanic and Black women experienced a disproportionately greater increase. Hispanic women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to younger Black and White women.

  View details for DOI 10.3390/cancers15030870

  View details for PubMedID 36765827

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC9913805

• Immunotherapy Significantly Improves Survival in Patients with Stage IV Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): Results from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) 2004–2018 Digestive Disease Week Jiang, Y., El Helou, M. O., Abboud, Y., et al 2023
• A disproportionate increase in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis mortality rates in younger women that is mainly driven by non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics: a nationwide analysis of the CDC's National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS) database. Digestive Disease Week Abboud, Y., Aghaie Meybodi , M., Jiang, Y., et al 2023
• Sex and age disparities in liver cancer mortality rates in the US, 2000-2020: a population-based time-trend analysis using the CDC's National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS) database Digestive Disease Week Abboud, Y., Jiang, Y., Choi, C., et al 2023
• Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) made easy for Whipple in treating surgically resectable pancreatic cancer. American Pancreatic Association Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Watson, R., Nissen, N., et al 2023
• Racial Disparities in Delivery of Immunotherapy Among Patients Diagnosed with Stage IV Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A National Cancer Database Analysis, 2004–2018. American Pancreatic Association Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., El Helou, M. O., Abboud, Y., et al 2023
• Role of Endoscopy in Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers. Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) Liang, J., Jiang, Y., Abboud, Y., Gaddam, S. 2022; 11 (1)

  Abstract

  Upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Upper endoscopy has an established role in diagnosing and staging upper GI cancers, screening for pre-malignant lesions, and providing palliation in cases of advanced malignancy. New advances in endoscopic techniques and technology have improved diagnostic accuracy and increased the therapeutic potential of upper endoscopy. We aim to describe the different types of endoscopic technology used in cancer diagnosis, summarize the current guidelines for endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of malignant and pre-malignant lesions, and explore new potential roles for endoscopy in cancer therapy.

  View details for DOI 10.3390/diseases11010003

  View details for PubMedID 36648868

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC9844461

• Complications of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Previous Bariatric Surgery: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis, 2007-2013. Journal of clinical gastroenterology Choi, C., Barajas-Ochoa, A., Xue, P., Hashemipour, R., Rotundo, L., Nasir, U., Jiang, Y., Ahlawat, S. 2022; 56 (1): 81-87

  Abstract

  Bariatric surgery (BS) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of obesity and weight-related diseases, but the anatomic changes after BS make endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technically challenging. This study aims to assess the safety and clinical outcomes of ERCP in patients with previous BS.The National Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2013 was queried for hospitalizations of adults over 18 years of age with procedure diagnoses of ERCP. Those with prior BS were selected as cases and those without BS as controls. Case-control matching at a ratio of 1 case to 2 controls was performed based on sex, age, race, comorbidities, and obesity. The primary outcomes were inpatient mortality and ERCP-related complications. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors associated to the primary outcomes.A total of 1,068,862 weighted hospitalizations with ERCP procedure codes were identified. Of these, 6689 with BS were selected as cases, and 13,246 were matched as controls. The reason for hospital admission was most often biliary stone disease (60.7% vs. 55.5%), followed by malignancy (3.5% vs. 12.1%) and cholangitis (7.7% vs. 4.5%) with and without BS, P<0.05. The BS group had lower rates of post-ERCP pancreatitis (0.1% vs. 1.3%), cholecystitis (0.1% vs. 0.3%), bleeding (1.0% vs. 1.4%), and inpatient mortality (0.2% vs. 0.5%), but had higher rates of cholangitis (5.0% vs. 3.7%) and systemic infections (6.2% vs. 4.8%), all P<0.05.BS group had lower post-ERCP pancreatitis, cholecystitis and bleeding while had more cholangitis, and systemic infection compared with those without BS. Also, BS was independently associated with reduced inpatient mortality after adjusted for age, race, and comorbidity.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001483

  View details for PubMedID 33405433

• Younger Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women have disproportionate rise in pancreatic cancer, 2000 to 2018: a time trend analysis using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database. Digestive Disease Week Samaan, J., Abboud, Y., Oh, J., Jiang, Y., et al 2022
• The disproportional increase in pancreatic cancer incidence in young women is mainly explained by lesions occurring in the head: a population-based time-trend analysis using the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database, 2001-2018. Digestive Disease Week Abboud, Y., Jiang, Y., Samaan, J., et al 2022
• Increasing pancreatic cancer (PC) incidence in young women: a population-based time-trend analysis using the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) database, 2001-2018 Digestive Disease Week Abboud, Y., Samaan, J., Oh, J., Jiang, Y., et al 2022
• Cholecystitis Associated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Temporal Trends and Outcomes from National Inpatient Sample Analysis from 2010-2017. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Ahmed, A., et al 2022
• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with worse intestinal complications in patients hospitalized for Clostridioides difficile infection. World journal of hepatology Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Xu, B. H., Meybodi, M. A., Damiris, K., Devalaraju, S., Pyrsopoulos, N. 2021; 13 (11): 1777-1790

  Abstract

  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea in developed countries.To assess the impact of NAFLD on the outcomes of hospitalized patients with CDI.This study was a retrospective cohort study. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was used to identify a total of 7239 adults admitted as inpatients with a primary diagnosis of CDI and coexisting NAFLD diagnosis from 2010 to 2014 using ICD-9 codes. Patients with CDI and coexisting NAFLD were compared to those with CDI and coexisting alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and viral liver disease (VLD), individually. Primary outcomes included mortality, length of stay, and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital complications. Multivariate regression was used for outcome analysis after adjusting for possible confounders.CDI with NAFLD was independently associated with lower rates of acute respiratory failure (2.7% vs 4.2%, P < 0.01; 2.7% vs 4.2%, P < 0.05), shorter length of stay (days) (5.75 ± 0.16 vs 6.77 ± 0.15, P < 0.001; 5.75 ± 0.16 vs 6.84 ± 0.23, P <0.001), and lower hospitalization charges (dollars) (38150.34 ± 1757.01 vs 46326.72 ± 1809.82, P < 0.001; 38150.34 ± 1757.01 vs 44641.74 ± 1660.66, P < 0.001) when compared to CDI with VLD and CDI with ALD, respectively. CDI with NAFLD was associated with a lower rate of acute kidney injury (13.0% vs 17.2%, P < 0.01), but a higher rate of intestinal perforation (P < 0.01) when compared to VLD. A lower rate of mortality (0.8% vs 2.7%, P < 0.05) but a higher rate of intestinal obstruction (4.6% vs 2.2%, P = 0.001) was also observed when comparing CDI with NAFLD to ALD.Hospitalized CDI patients with NAFLD had more intestinal complications compared to CDI patients with VLD and ALD. Gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal complications.

  View details for DOI 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1777

  View details for PubMedID 34904045

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC8637681

• The effects of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with acute diverticulitis. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Jiang, Y., Rodgers, B., Damiris, K., Choi, C., Ahlawat, S. 2021; 33 (11): 1354-1360

  Abstract

  Acute diverticulitis is a common gastrointestinal illness due to diverticular inflammation and focal necrosis. Diabetes mellitus has been reported to influence the outcomes of patients with diverticular disease. Our study aimed to examine the inpatient outcomes and complications of patients with acute diverticulitis and coexisting diabetes mellitus.The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was used to identify adult patients in 2014 admitted for acute diverticulitis. Primary outcomes were mortality, length of stay (LOS), and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes were complications of acute diverticulitis and interventions.In total, 44 330 of patients with acute diverticulitis and diabetes mellitus were included in the analysis. Acute diverticulitis patients with diabetes mellitus had a higher rate of diverticular bleeding (P < 0.0001), but lower rates of abscess (P < 0.0001), obstruction (P < 0.0001) and colectomy (P < 0.0001) when compared to acute diverticulitis patients without diabetes mellitus. Complicated diabetes mellitus was associated with a longer LOS (P = 0.00003) and greater total hospitalization charges (P = 0.0021) compared to uncomplicated diabetes mellitus when coexisting with acute diverticulitis.Acute diverticulitis with diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher rate of diverticular bleeding, lower rates of abscess, obstruction, and colectomy compared to acute diverticulitis without diabetes mellitus. When coexisting with acute diverticulitis, complicated diabetes mellitus is not associated with higher rates of mortality or diverticulitis-related complications compared to uncomplicated diabetes mellitus.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001895

  View details for PubMedID 32796358

• Characteristics and Inpatient Outcomes of Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Autoimmune Hepatitis Overlap Syndrome. Journal of clinical and translational hepatology Jiang, Y., Xu, B. H., Rodgers, B., Pyrsopoulos, N. 2021; 9 (3): 392-398

  Abstract

  Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are hepatobiliary diseases of presumed immune-mediated origin that have been shown to overlap. The aim of this retrospective trial was to use national data to examine the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with overlapping PBC and AIH (PBC/AIH).The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify hospitalized adult patients with PBC, AIH, and PBC/AIH from 2010 to 2014 by International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Edition Revision codes; patients with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection were excluded. Primary outcomes measures were in-hospital outcomes that included mortality, respiratory failure, septic shock, length of stay, and total hospital charges. Secondary outcomes were the clinical characteristics of PBC/AIH, including the comorbid extrahepatic autoimmune disease pattern and complications of cirrhosis.A total of 3,478 patients with PBC/AIH were included in the study. PBC/AIH was associated with higher rates of Sjögren's syndrome (p<0.001; p<0.001), lower rates of Crohn's disease (p<0.05; p<0.05), and higher rates of cirrhosis-related complications when compared to PBC or AIH alone. There were similar rates of mortality between the PBC/AIH, PBC, and AIH groups. The PBC/AIH group had higher rates of septic shock when compared to the PBC group (p<0.05) and AIH group (p<0.05) after adjusting for possible confounders.PBC/AIH is associated with a lower rate of Crohn's disease, a higher rate of Sjögren's syndrome, higher rates of cirrhosis-related complications, and significantly increased risk of septic shock compared to PBC and AIH individually.

  View details for DOI 10.14218/JCTH.2021.00008

  View details for PubMedID 34221925

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC8237146

• Reflux esophagitis is associated with higher risks of acute stroke and transient ischemic attacks in patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation: A nationwide inpatient sample analysis. Medicine Jiang, Y., Damiris, K., Suero-Abreu, G., Xu, B., Ahlawat, S. 2021; 100 (25): e26502

  Abstract

  Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a subset of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with endoscopic evidence of esophageal inflammation, which has been linked to an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, data on the effect of RE on patient outcomes is limited. We sought to examine the potential association of RE with outcomes of patients with AF in a nationwide study.The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried to identify hospitalized adult patients with AF and RE between 2010 and 2014. Primary outcomes included inpatient mortality, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges. AF related complications such as acute stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA) and acute heart failure were assessed as secondary outcomes. Propensity score matching and multivariate regression analysis were used.Six lakh sixty seven thousands five hundred twenty patients were admitted for primary diagnosis of AF out of which 5396 had a secondary diagnosis of RE. In the AF with RE cohort, the average age was 73.6 years, 41.5% were male, and 79.9% were Caucasian. There was a greater prevalence of concomitant dyslipidemia, chronic liver disease and chronic pulmonary disease (P < .01) when compared to the AF without RE cohort. Patients with AF and RE also had higher incidence of acute strokes and TIAs (P < .05), longer LOS (P < .001), and higher hospital charges (P < .05) with no difference in acute heart failure (P = .08), hospital mortality (P = .12), or CHA2DS2-VASc score (P = .67).In hospitalized patients with AF, RE was associated with a higher rate of acute stroke and TIAs, longer LOS, and greater hospital charges.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000026502

  View details for PubMedID 34160467

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC8238265

• Rare case of endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis associated with emphysematous prostatitis in a patient with diabetes, cirrhosis and COVID-19. BMJ case reports Crane, A. B., Abreu Diaz, M. C., Jiang, Y., Pergament, K. M. 2021; 14 (4)

  Abstract

  A 35-year-old Hispanic man presented with fever, chills, dysuria, diarrhoea, scleral icterus, tachycardia and tachypnea. He was found to be COVID-19 positive, CT of the pelvis revealed prostatic abscess, and urine culture grew Klebsiella pneumoniae Additionally, he was found to have diabetes and cirrhosis. During treatment, the patient developed vision loss, and was diagnosed with endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics, pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal antibiotics and cystoscopy/suprapubic catheter placement. On follow-up, the patient has had the suprapubic catheter removed, and successfully passed a voiding trial, but suffers permanent vision loss in both eyes.

  View details for DOI 10.1136/bcr-2020-240425

  View details for PubMedID 33883113

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC8061843

• Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: An Exploration of the Gut-Liver Axis. Digestive Disease Week Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Xu, B., et al 2021
• Trends Analysis of Inpatient Outcomes of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Underlying Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Damiris, K., Chowdhury, S., et al 2021
• Is Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Worse Inpatient Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation? A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis. Digestive Disease Week Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Xu, B., et al 2021
• Liver Etiology Matters – A Comparison of Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized with Venous Thromboembolism with Various Chronic Liver Diseases from the National Inpatient Database Digestive Disease Week Jiang, Y., Damiris, K., Chowdhury, S., et al 2021
• Sarcoidosis is associated with lower risks of penetrating disease and colectomy in hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease. JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Jiang, Y., Rim, D. S., Rodgers, B., Ahlawat, S. 2020; 4 (6): 1199-1206

  Abstract

  Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and sarcoidosis, primarily considered distinct entities, share commonalties in pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. This study aimed to examine the in-hospital outcomes of patients with concurrent IBD and sarcoidosis.The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify hospitalized adult patients with IBD and sarcoidosis from 2010 to 2014. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, rates of septic shock, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, length of stay, and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes were IBD-specific complications and surgery interventions.A total of 3995 patients with IBD and coexisting sarcoidosis (IBD/sarcoidosis), of which 2500 patients had Crohn's disease with coexisting sarcoidosis (Crohn's disease [CD]/sarcoidosis) and 1495 patients had ulcerative colitis with coexisting sarcoidosis (ulcerative colitis [UC]/sarcoidosis), were included. Patients with IBD/sarcoidosis had a lower risk of penetrating disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.55, P < 0.0001) and colectomy (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27-0.84, P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated lower rates of colectomy when comparing CD/sarcoidosis (P < 0.05) and UC/sarcoidosis (P = 0.0003) versus CD or UC alone. There was no difference in mortality.IBD/sarcoidosis is associated with lower risks of penetrating disease and colectomy when compared to patients with IBD alone.

  View details for DOI 10.1002/jgh3.12423

  View details for PubMedID 33319056

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7731821

• Idiopathic Terminal Ileal Ulceration Mimicking Crohn's in the Setting of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation. ACG case reports journal Nasir, U. M., Paer, J., Jiang, Y., Mirani, N. M., Ahlawat, S., Pergament, K. M. 2020; 7 (12): e00489

  Abstract

  Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has precipitously decreased the morbidity associated with human immunodeficiency virus but can unmask and exacerbate opportunistic infections and autoimmune diseases. Various diseases have been reported in association with ART initiation, but there is scant literature describing inflammatory colitis in the setting of ART initiation. We present a 39-year-old man with chronic untreated human immunodeficiency virus and central nervous system toxoplasmosis who developed persistent diarrhea after initiation of ART. A comprehensive infectious workup was negative. Computed tomography demonstrated terminal ileum enteritis, which was confirmed by colonoscopy. Biopsy of the terminal ileum revealed fibrinous exudate and granulation tissue.

  View details for DOI 10.14309/crj.0000000000000489

  View details for PubMedID 33354585

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7748168

• The impact of bariatric surgery on in-patient clinical outcomes among patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Medicine Choi, C., Barajas-Ochoa, A., Uppuluri, A., Ro, G., Hashemipour, R., Jiang, Y., Nasir, U., Ahlawat, S. 2020; 99 (42): e22446

  Abstract

  Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a form of liver inflammation in which immune cells target hepatocytes, inducing chronic inflammatory states. Bariatric surgery (BS) was shown to reduce inflammation in severely obese patients. We hypothesize that obese patients with AIH and BS have lower prevalence of liver-related complications and in-patient mortality compared to those without BS.The National Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2013 was queried for hospitalizations of adults over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of AIH. Of those, hospitalizations with BS were selected as cases and those with morbid obesity as controls. Case-control 1:2 matching was done based on sex, age, race, and comorbidities. Primary outcomes were prevalence of liver-related complications and in-patient mortality. Independent risk factors of in-patient clinical outcomes were identified using multivariate regression analysis.From 137,834 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of AIH, 688 with BS were selected as cases, and 1295 were matched as controls. The prevalence of ascites was higher in the BS group compared to the control (odds ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-2.36). The prevalence of cirrhosis (36.8% vs 33.2%), portal hypertension (7.4% vs 10.0%), hepatic encephalopathy (10.6% vs 8.7%), and varices and variceal bleeding (3.9% vs 5.5%) was not statistically different from case controls, (P > .05).BS was an independent risk factor for ascites (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.87; 95% CI 1.36-2.56) and hepatic encephalopathy (aOR 1.42; 95% CI 1.03-1.97) but was an independent protective factor against in-patient mortality (aOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08-0.55) once adjusted for age, sex, race, and comorbidities.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000022446

  View details for PubMedID 33080679

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7572015

• Impact of the Human Immunodeficiency Viruses Status on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Pancreatitis: A Propensity-Matched Analysis. Pancreas Jiang, Y., Rodgers, B., Chowdhury, S., Ali, H., Ahlawat, S. 2020; 49 (9): 1195-1201

  Abstract

  We aimed to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted for acute pancreatitis (AP) in the population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).The National Inpatient Sample from 2010 to 2014 was used to identify adult patients admitted with AP. Patients were grouped based on the HIV status. Primary outcomes were mortality, length of stay (LOS), disposition and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes included acute kidney injury, septic shock, respiratory failure and pancreatic procedures.After matching and weighting, a total of 14,152 HIV-positive patients (6904 with AIDS and 7248 with asymptomatic HIV [aHIV]) with AP were identified. Acute pancreatitis with AIDS were associated with a higher rate of acute kidney injury, longer LOS, higher hospitalization charges, and less routine disposition compared with HIV-negative AP. Patients with aHIV had less septic shock, shorter LOS, and less hospitalization charges compared with HIV-negative patients and less respiratory failure, shorter LOS, and less hospitalization charges compared with AIDS patients.Patients admitted for AP with AIDS have worse outcomes. On the contrary, aHIV status was not only associated with better outcomes when compared with AIDS, but to HIV-negative status as well.

  View details for DOI 10.1097/MPA.0000000000001656

  View details for PubMedID 32898004

• Differential Expression of Blood Group Precursor Antigen in Human Breast Cancer Tissue. International journal of cancer science & therapy Jiang, Y., Wang, D. 2020; 2 (1)

  Abstract

  There is a pressing need for biomarkers for targeted immunotherapy against breast cancer (BCA), the leading cause of cancer death in women. Previously, a blood group precursor O-core epitope gpCl was found to be highly expressed in breast circulating tumor cells (BCTCs) and BCA cell lines with cancer stem cell (BCSC) features. In this pilot study, the breast tissue distribution of gpC1 was examined using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Notably, gpC1 positive cells were detected in the major histological types of neoplastic breast tissues. Conversely, none of the breast tissues derived from subjects without BCA were gpC1 positive. Thus, gpC1 expression seems to be tumor-specific but not histological type-dependent, reflecting perhaps its characteristics as a conserved epitope of oncofetal blood group precursor antigens.

  View details for DOI 10.31487/j.ijcst.2020.01.04

  View details for PubMedID 32879924

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7462418

• Trends in Utilization and Analysis of Inpatient Outcomes for Benign Cholangitis: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis from 2010 to 2017. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Xu, B., et al 2020
• A Comparison in Characteristics and Inpatient Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized with Benign Calculous vs Non-Calculous Cholangitis, Insights from a Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2010-2017. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Xu, B., et al 2020
• Compliance with Colorectal Cancer Screening in Veterans After an Episode of Acute Diverticulitis: A Quality Assessment Project. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Motlaghzadeh, Y., Deland, O., et al 2020
• Hamman's Syndrome or Boerhaave Syndrome? A Curious Case of Pneumomediastinum Triggered by Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Chowdhury, S., Nasir, U., et al 2020
• Celiac Disease in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel: Has the Inpatient Prevalence Changed and Is It Associated With Worse Outcome? A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Chawla, A., Hashemipour, R., et al 2020
• Esophageal Foreign Body Impaction Management and Analysis of Associated Diagnoses – A National Database Study Digestive Disease Week Nasereddin, T., Jiang, Y., Feurdean, M. 2019
• The Peculiar Presentation of Extramedullary Plasmacytomas as Acute Pancreatitis. American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting Jiang, Y., Di Vitantonio, T., Rotundo, L., et al 2019
• Liquid Biopsy in the OMICS Era of Tumor Medicine. Open access journal of biomedical engineering and its applications Jiang, Y., Wang, D. 2018; 1 (3)

  Abstract

  Liquid biopsy uses noninvasive blood test to assess tumor heterogeneity and evolution in real time. It looks for tumor components in the blood circulation, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), to provide tumor-specific information. By detecting multiplex tumor biomarkers, including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and other tumor-derived substances, liquid biopsy helps with early tumor diagnosis, tumor evolution monitoring, and prognosis prediction. With the development of high-throughput OMICS tools like carbohydrate microarray and high-speed fiber-optic array scanning technology (FAST scan), it is now practical to identify glycan markers of CTCs and cancer stem cells (CSCs), especially those that are cell-surface exposed and readily accessible for immune recognition and targeting. Potential of this class of biomarkers in tumor subtyping and targeted immunotherapy is yet to be explored.

  View details for PubMedID 29683140

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5908475

• [Osmotic demyelination syndrome in patients with hyponatremia caused by neurologic disorders]. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae Jiang, Y., Wei, J. J., Wang, R. Z., Ren, Z. Y. 2011; 33 (6): 696-700

  Abstract

  Hyponatremia is relatively common in patients with neurologic disorders, while its diagnosis and treatment remain controversial. Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) has shown to be closely associated with hyponatremia. ODS patients often present as central pontine myelinolysis, extrapontine myelinolysis, or both. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and risk factors of ODS in patients with hyponatremia caused by neurologic disorders.

  View details for PubMedID 22509558