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  • Abdominal Flap-based Breast Reconstruction versus Abdominoplasty: The Impact of Surgical Procedure on Scar Location. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open Li, A. Y., Momeni, A. 2020; 8 (9): e3112

    Abstract

    Autologous breast reconstruction has been demonstrated to be associated with superior patient-reported outcomes, and hence is regarded as the gold standard reconstructive modality. A common drawback of this procedure, however, is related to a high abdominal scar. Recently, hybrid breast reconstruction (ie, the combination of autologous and implant-based reconstruction) was presented as an approach that would combine the benefits of both reconstructive modalities. In this study, we sought to assess abdominal aesthetic outcomes associated with this approach.Thirty-two blinded reviewers evaluated standardized pre- and postoperative abdominal images of patients following autologous reconstruction with free abdominal flap (Group 1; N = 10), hybrid reconstruction (Group 2; N = 5), and abdominoplasty (Group 3; N = 10). Aesthetic abdominal appearance, including overall result, scar position, skin redundancy, and lateral abdominal contour, was rated on a 5-point Likert scale and a comparative analysis was performed.Hybrid reconstruction was associated with significantly lower abdominal scars compared with Group 1 (P = 0.01), nearing results of patients in Group 3 (P = 0.39). Significantly higher aesthetic ratings were ascribed to Groups 2 and 3 when compared with Group 1 (P < 0.001) with regard to scar positioning (P < 0.001), skin redundancy (P < 0.001), and lateral abdominal contour (P < 0.001). No significant difference in aesthetic ratings was noted between Groups 2 and 3.When applied to the appropriate patient population, hybrid breast reconstruction is a powerful method to achieve reconstructive goals while optimizing abdominal aesthetics. A significantly lower scar position was noted and higher abdominal aesthetic ratings were given following abdominoplasty and hybrid reconstruction compared with conventional abdominal flap-based reconstruction.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003112

    View details for PubMedID 33133961

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7544165

  • Abdominal Flap-based Breast Reconstruction versus Abdominoplasty: The Impact of Surgical Procedure on Scar Location PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN Li, A. Y., Momeni, A. 2020; 8 (9)
  • Comparison of Patient Symptomatology before and after Labiaplasty. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Sorice-Virk, S., Li, A. Y., Canales, F. L., Furnas, H. J. 2020; 146 (3): 526–36

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Labiaplasty has grown in popularity, but it remains controversial. Few studies have quantified the change in specific symptomatology from before to after labiaplasty to establish its effectiveness in improving quality of life.METHODS: In a prospective study, 62 patients undergoing labiaplasty completed written surveys privately in an examination room preoperatively and postoperatively about the presence of 11 physical and appearance-related symptoms.RESULTS: Mean patient age was 33.5 years (range, 17 to 61 years). Two patients were of minority age. All patients presented with at least one symptom, averaging 6.5 (range, one to 11). Most (82.2 percent) had a trim labiaplasty, and the rest (17.7 percent) had a wedge. After labiaplasty, 93.5 percent of patients were symptom-free, with the average dropping to 0.23 of 11 symptoms. Symptom-prevalence changes from preoperatively to postoperatively included self-consciousness, dropping from 93 percent to 6.5 percent; tugging (from 66.1 percent to 0 percent); feeling less attractive (from 66.1 percent to 0 percent); negative impact on self-esteem (from 64.5 percent to 1.6 percent); negative impact on intimacy (from 62.5 percent to 0 percent); twisting (from 58.1 percent to 3.2 percent); being uncomfortable (from 56.5 percent to 4.8 percent); clothing restriction (from 54.8 percent to 3.2 percent); visible outline (from 46.8 percent to 1.6 percent); pain (from 43.5 percent to 1.6 percent); and exposure in swimsuits (from 38.7 percent to 1.6 percent). No major complications occurred. Two patients felt their labia were still too long and revision was offered. Average follow-up was 13.3 months (range, 6 to 24 months).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with elongated labia have a high incidence of functional and appearance-related symptoms. Labiaplasty is a safe procedure that yields significant improvement in quality of life.CLINICAL QUESTIONS/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007081

    View details for PubMedID 32842103

  • Current Trends in the Use of Social Media by Plastic Surgeons. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Cho, M., Li, A. Y., Furnas, H. J., Rohrich, R. J. 2020; 146 (1): 83e–91e

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: As social media continue to be widely used, understanding the current trend in social media use by plastic surgeons will help determine how the specialty can better harness its power and respect its risks. In this study, the authors performed a survey study of trainees, candidates, and members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons to determine current use and consensus on social media in plastic surgery.METHODS: An electronic survey was sent to plastic surgery trainees, candidates, and members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons using SurveyMonkey. Demographic data, social media use patterns, and views on social media use were collected.RESULTS: When compared with salaried surgeons, private practitioners used social media for the promotion of their practice, such as patient acquisition (74.3 percent versus 28.3 percent) and branding (61 percent versus 21.7 percent). The majority of nonusers felt social media was too time consuming and susceptible to breach of patient privacy. The majority of social media users agreed that acceptable use included before-and-after photographs, video testimonials, and patient reviews. Both social media users and nonusers alike agreed that plastic surgery residents should receive training on social media.CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that a majority of plastic surgeons use social media to brand their practice, attract patients, and educate the public. Without engaging in this valuable tool, plastic surgeons' voices will be lost in the conversation. To use social media to their greatest potential, this specialty needs to begin formal training in the proper and ethical use of social media.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000006936

    View details for PubMedID 32590667

  • The Impact of Device Innovation on Clinical Outcomes in Expander-based Breast Reconstruction PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN Momeni, A., Li, A. Y., Tsai, J., Wan, D., Karin, M. R., Wapnir, I. L. 2019; 7 (12)
  • The Impact of Device Innovation on Clinical Outcomes in Expander-based Breast Reconstruction. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open Momeni, A., Li, A. Y., Tsai, J., Wan, D., Karin, M. R., Wapnir, I. L. 2019; 7 (12): e2524

    Abstract

    Staged expander-based breast reconstruction represents the most common reconstructive modality in the United States. The introduction of a novel tissue expander with an integrated drain (Sientra AlloX2) holds promise to further improve clinical outcomes.Patients who underwent immediate expander-based pre-pectoral breast reconstruction were identified. Two cohorts were created, that is, patients who underwent placement of a conventional tissue expander [133MX (Allergan)] (Group 1) versus AlloX2 (Sientra) (Group 2). The study endpoint was successful completion of expansion with the objective being to investigate differences in outcome following expander placement.Fifty-eight patients underwent 99 breast reconstructions [Group 1: N = 24 (40 breasts) versus Group 2: N = 34 (59 breast)]. No differences were noted for age (P = 0.586), BMI (P = 0.109), history of radiation (P = 0.377), adjuvant radiotherapy (P = 1.00), and overall complication rate (P = 0.141). A significantly longer time to drain removal was noted in Group 1 (P < 0.001). All patients with postoperative infection in Group 1 required surgical treatment versus successful washout of the peri-prosthetic space via the AlloX2 drain port in 3 of 5 patients in Group 2 (P = 0.196). Furthermore, both cases of seroma in Group 1 required image-guided drainage versus in-office drainage via the AlloX2 drain port in 1 patient in Group 2 (P =0.333).The unique feature of the AlloX2 provides surgeons easy access to the peri-prosthetic space without altering any of the other characteristics of a tissue expander. This resulted in a reduced time to drain removal and facilitated management of postoperative seroma and infection.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002524

    View details for PubMedID 32537287

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7288893

  • The Role of Pornography, Physical Symptoms, and Appearance in Labiaplasty Interest. Aesthetic surgery journal Sorice-Virk, S., Li, A. Y., Canales, F. L., Furnas, H. J. 2019

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: With the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reaffirming its 2007 opposition to labiaplasty in 2019, the procedure continues to be controversial. Particular emphasis on pornography as a major influencer on women seeking labiaplasty contributes to its controversy and distracts from other motivations. Few articles have established pornography's influence relative to functional and appearance related symptoms.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to look at the relative influence of pornography on women's decision to seek labiaplasty relative to other factors, with comparison with a control cohort.METHODS: In this prospective study, 124 consecutive patients consulting about labiaplasty and a control cohort of 50 women were questioned 11 labia-related symptoms and the influence of pornography as possible.RESULTS: The mean age was 34.2 and 38.9 in the labiaplasty and control cohorts, respectively. Women within the labiaplasty cohort had on average 2.8 out of the 6 queried physical symptoms and 3.2 out of the 5 queried appearance-related symptoms. In comparison, control patients reported an average of 0.3 of the 6 queried physical symptoms and 0.2 out of the 5 queried appearance-related symptoms. (p<0.001) Less than half (47 percent of the labiaplasty and 42 percent of the control cohort) never viewed pornography. Pornography was not an influential factor to seek labiaplasty in 42 percent of the labiaplasty cohort and 54 percent of the control cohort. A minority (11 percent in the labiaplasty cohort and 4 percent in the control cohort) said that pornography influenced them to seek labiaplasty. There were no statistically significant differences between these two groups.CONCLUSION: Pornography influences some women to seek labiaplasty, but relative to other motivating factors, its role is minor.

    View details for DOI 10.1093/asj/sjz254

    View details for PubMedID 31556940

  • Sarcopenia Is a Risk Factor for Infection for Patients Undergoing Abdominoperineal Resection and Flap-based Reconstruction. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open Miller, T. J., Sheckter, C. C., Barnes, L. A., Li, A. Y., Momeni, A. 2019; 7 (7): e2343

    Abstract

    Abdominoperineal resection (APR) carries a high risk of morbidity. Preoperative risk assessment can help with patient counseling, minimize adverse outcomes, and guide surgeons in their choice of reconstruction. This study examined the impact of sarcopenia (low lean muscle mass) on postoperative complications after APR.One hundred seventy-eight patients who underwent APR between May 2000 and July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Sarcopenia was identified on preoperative computed tomography scans using the Hounsfield Unit Average Calculation. Two cohorts were compared (group 1: primary perineal closure; group 2: flap-based perineal reconstruction). Multivariable analysis evaluated predictors of complications.Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for postoperative surgical site infection in patients undergoing APR (odds ratio [OR] = 2.9, P = 0.04). The risk for sarcopenic patients who underwent flap-based perineal reconstruction was even higher (OR = 8.9, P < 0.01). Male sex was also found to be a risk factor for infection (OR = 3.5, P < 0.01). Perineal flap-based reconstruction was a risk factor for delayed wound healing (OR = 3.2, P < 0.01).Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for infection in patients undergoing APR. This risk was even greater in patients undergoing flap-based perineal reconstruction. Sarcopenia can be identified on preoperative imaging and inform surgeons on risk stratification and surgical plan.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002343

    View details for PubMedID 31942365

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC6952152

  • Sarcopenia Is a Risk Factor for Infection for Patients Undergoing Abdominoperineal Resection and Flap-based Reconstruction PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN Miller, T. J., Sheckter, C. C., Barnes, L. A., Li, A. Y., Momeni, A. 2019; 7 (7)
  • Breast Reconstruction with Free Abdominal Flaps Is Associated with Persistent Lower Extremity Venous Stasis PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY Momeni, A., Sorice, S. C., Li, A. Y., Nguyen, D. H., Pannucci, C. 2019; 143 (6): 1144E–1150E
  • Breast Reconstruction with Free Abdominal Flaps is associated with Persistent Lower Extremity Venous Stasis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Momeni, A., Sorice, S. C., Li, A. Y., Nguyen, D. H., Pannucci, C. 2019

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Previous work has demonstrated the occurrence of lower extremity venous stasis in the early postoperative period after breast reconstruction with free abdominal flaps. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether venous stasis persisted through the day of discharge (DOD), thus, potentially exposing patients to an elevated risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) post-discharge.METHODS: Patients who underwent breast reconstruction with free abdominal flaps were prospectively enrolled and underwent Duplex ultrasound of the common femoral vein (CFV) at the following time points: Preoperatively, POD 1, and DOD. Parameters of interest included CFV diameter, area, and maximum flow velocity (MFV).RESULTS: Thirty patients with a mean age of 50.3 years (range, 29 - 70) underwent breast reconstruction with 52 free abdominal flaps. A significant increase in CFV diameter (19.1%; p < 0.01) and area (46.8%; p < 0.01) correlated with a significant reduction in MFV (-10.9%; p = 0.03) between baseline and POD1. These changes persisted through the DOD (CFV diameter [17.8%; p < 0.01], area [46 %; p < 0.01], MFV (-11.3%; p = 0.01)]. Venous parameters were not influenced by uni- vs. bilateral flap harvest (p = 0.48).CONCLUSION: Postoperative lower extremity venous stasis following autologous breast reconstruction with free abdominal flaps seems to persist through the day of discharge. This finding may explain why patients remain at risk for VTE post-discharge. While our findings are at odds with current VTE prophylaxis recommendations, additional studies are indicated to examine whether these findings translate into VTE events.

    View details for PubMedID 30907811

  • An Analysis of Differences in the Number of Children for Female and Male Plastic Surgeons. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Furnas, H. J., Li, A. Y., Garza, R. M., Johnson, D. J., Bajaj, A. K., Kalliainen, L. K., Weston, J. S., Song, D. H., Chung, K. C., Rohrich, R. J. 2019; 143 (1): 315–26

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Historically, the structure of surgical programs discourages women interested in both surgery and motherhood from pursuing a surgical career, and women plastic surgeons have been more likely than men to have no children or to have fewer, later in life. Female plastic surgery trainees now constitute over one-third of residents, and pregnancy rates can be expected to rise, but with women now a majority in medical schools, the specialty's maternity policies may be deterring interested women from entering the specialty. A survey study was conducted to measure reproductive outcomes and to identify current disparities between women and men plastic surgeons.METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to American Society of Plastic Surgeons members and candidates, allowing comparisons of men's and women's responses. Differences were tested by the Fisher's exact and chi-square tests.RESULTS: Compared with male respondents, women were more likely than men to have no biological children (45.1 percent versus 23.1 percent). They were nearly twice as likely to delay having children because of the demands of training (72.6 percent versus 39.2 percent) and to experience infertility (26.3 percent versus 12.5 percent). Among the childless plastic surgeons, women were 11 times more likely to say they did not want children compared with men (20.1 percent versus 1.8 percent).CONCLUSIONS: Poor institutional maternity support results in a persistent, wide gap in reproductive outcomes between female and male plastic surgeons. Establishing a universal, comprehensive parental support policy is essential to closing that gap.

    View details for PubMedID 30589810

  • The impact of skin allograft on inpatient outcomes in the treatment of major burns 20-50% total body surface area - A propensity score matched analysis using the nationwide inpatient sample. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries Sheckter, C. C., Li, A., Pridgen, B., Trickey, A. W., Karanas, Y., Curtin, C. 2018

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Human cadaveric skin (allograft) is used in treating major burns both as temporizing wound coverage and a means of testing wound bed viability following burn excision. There is limited information on outcomes, and clinicians disagree on indications for application in intermediate-sized burns. This study aims to improve understanding of allograft use in 20-50% total body surface burns by assessing current utilization and evaluating inpatient outcomes.METHODS: Discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality assessed 3557 major burn patients (>second degree depth and 20-50% TBSA) undergoing operative treatment. Outcomes were evaluated with propensity score matching. The primary outcome was mortality with secondary outcomes including complications, length of stay, total burn operations, and charges.RESULTS: After matching, 771 allografted patients were paired with 1774 controls. Covariate mean standard differences were all <11% after matching. The average treatment effect (ATE) of allograft on inpatient mortality was an increase of 2.8% (95% CI 0.2-5.3%, p=0.041). Allograft ATEs were all significantly higher for secondary outcomes: composite complication index increased 0.13 (95% CI 0.07-0.20, p<0.001), length of stay 8.4days (95% CI 6.1-1.9 days, p<0.001), total burn operations 1.6 (95% CI 1.4-1.9, p<0.001), and total charges $139,476 [$100,716-178,236, p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Allograft use in major burns 20-50% TBSA was associated with a significant increase in inpatient mortality. There was a notable correlation with increased inpatient complications, longer length of stay, more burn operations, and greater total charges. Better studies are needed to justify the use of this costly and limited resource in the intermediate sized major burn population.

    View details for PubMedID 30527451

  • Regional Variation and Trends in the Timing of Lower Extremity Reconstruction: A 10-Year Review of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Sheckter, C. C., Pridgen, B., Li, A., Curtin, C., Momeni, A. 2018; 142 (5): 1337-1347

    Abstract

    The ideal timing of soft-tissue coverage for open lower extremity fractures remains controversial. Using U.S. national data, this study aims to characterize secular trends and regional variation in the timing of soft-tissue coverage.Using discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002 to 2011), the authors identified 888 encounters admitted from the emergency department with isolated open lower extremity fractures treated with pedicled or free tissue transfer. Soft-tissue coverage timing was assessed by patient factors, hospital characteristics, and fracture patterns. Statistical significance and secular trends were analyzed with generalized linear models.The mean day of soft-tissue reconstruction was at 6.64 days. Over the 10-year period, the day of reconstruction increased significantly (from 6.12 days in 2002 to 12.50 days in 2011; coefficient, 0.09; 95 percent CI, 0.05 to 0.12; p < 0.001). Demographic and facility factors did not significantly impact timing. Elixhauser comorbidity scores greater than 2 were associated with later coverage (10.13 days versus 6.29 days; p = 0.001) along with multisite fractures (8.35 days; p = 0.022) and external fixators (8.78 days; p < 0.001). The U.S. Census division showed significant variation in timing ranging from 0.94 days (East North Central) to 9.84 days (Pacific).A progressive delay in the timing of soft-tissue reconstruction was noted and may be attributed to negative-pressure wound therapy. The timing of soft-tissue coverage varied by region after adjusting for patient and hospital factors. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of delayed soft-tissue coverage on patient outcomes and health services utilization.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004885

    View details for PubMedID 30511989

  • Regional Variation and Trends in the Timing of Lower Extremity Reconstruction: A 10-Year Review of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY Sheckter, C. C., Pridgen, B., Li, A., Curtin, C., Momeni, A. 2018; 142 (5): 1337–47
  • Determining the impact of sarcopenia on postoperative complications after ventral hernia repair. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS Barnes, L. A., Li, A. Y., Wan, D. C., Momeni, A. 2018; 71 (9): 1260–68

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Postoperative complication following ventral hernia repair (VHR) is a major clinical and financial burden. Preoperative risk assessment is necessary to minimize adverse outcomes following VHR. This study examines the ability of an independent parameter to predict postoperative morbidity following VHR.METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 58 patients who underwent VHR by component separation between January 2009 and December 2013 was performed. Preoperative abdominal CT scans were analyzed to assess sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was determined using the Hounsfield unit average calculation (HUAC), a measure of psoas muscle size and density. Sarcopenia was defined as an HUAC score of less than 19.6HU calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the Youden index. Multivariate analysis was performed to analyze the association of sarcopenia and postoperative complications.RESULTS: Preoperative sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk for postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 5.3; p = 0.04). Preexisting gastrointestinal conditions such as ulcerative colitis or colon cancer were associated with an increased risk for postoperative complications (OR = 5.7; p = 0.05). A significantly higher rate of hernia recurrence (33.3% vs. 10.8% [p = 0.04]) and renal failure (19% vs. 2.7% [p = 0.03]) was noted in patients with sarcopenia when compared to patients without sarcopenia.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for postoperative complications in patients who underwent VHR. Assessment of sarcopenia using the HUAC score provides an opportunity for the adjustment of perioperative care plans to minimize postoperative complication rates.

    View details for PubMedID 30173713

  • Gender Differences in the Professional and Personal Lives of Plastic Surgeons. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Furnas, H. J., Garza, R. M., Li, A. Y., Johnson, D. J., Bajaj, A. K., Kalliainen, L. K., Weston, J. S., Song, D. H., Chung, K. C., Rohrich, R. J. 2018; 142 (1): 252–64

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Although the number of women becoming plastic surgeons has increased during the past six decades, in comparison with the current gender parity in medical schools, plastic surgery still attracts disproportionately more men. Previous studies have shown disparities in the professional and personal lives of female and male plastic surgeons. A survey study was conducted to identify current challenges women and men encounter in the pursuit of a plastic surgical career to guide remedial strategies.METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to American Society of Plastic Surgeons members and candidates for comparison between sexes. Differences were tested by the Fisher's exact and chi-square tests.RESULTS: Women were more likely than men to have experienced sexism or bias. Women were less likely to be married; be satisfied with work-life balance; or feel recognized for ideas, authorship, promotions, or raises. Women felt that their sex was a disadvantage in career advancement, with one exception: unlike men, women felt many patients chose them because of their sex. Despite these challenges, over 80 percent of all plastic surgeons were satisfied with their choice of career.CONCLUSIONS: Traditions and gender bias create disparities in the personal and professional lives of female and male plastic surgeons. Our specialty must make concrete changes to promote all plastic surgeons, both women and men, to thrive personally and professionally.

    View details for PubMedID 29952905

  • Opinions on Authorship: A Survey of Plastic Surgery Residents and Fellows ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY Momeni, A., Hunter, C., Li, A. Y., Safa, B., Wan, D. C., Kneser, U. 2018; 80 (6): 660–63

    Abstract

    Scientific publications are the cornerstone of scholarly activities. The importance of appropriately assigned authorship cannot be overstated. Hence, we felt it prudent to examine the perception of plastic surgery trainees regarding authorship. We hypothesized that plastic surgery trainees would not be in compliance with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines when determining what constitutes an authorship justifying contribution.An online survey describing 4 distinct scenarios was distributed to plastic surgery trainees at 2 academic institutions using the Qualtrics research software (Provo, UT). Additional parameters queried included level of training and number of publications. Linear regression models were used to test correlation between responses and level of training and number of publications.Thirty-three of 48 trainees responded (response rate, 68.8%). All respondents had previously authored publications, with the majority (54.5%) having at least 10 publications. Although none of the scenarios presented justified authorship based on international guidelines, 33.3% of respondents believed that authorship was warranted in at least 3 of the 4 presented scenarios. Linear regression comparing for demographic variables to number of perceived authorship scenarios found a mild-moderate positive correlation with level of training (R = 0.34, P = 0.05) and number of publications (R = 0.32, P = 0.07).Plastic surgery trainees do not seem to be familiar with guidelines regarding authorship justifying contributions. It is important to raise awareness regarding criteria that warrant authorship and to educate our residents and fellows in matters of appropriate scholarly conduct because nothing short of the credibility of our scientific endeavors is otherwise in question.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/SAP.0000000000001396

    View details for Web of Science ID 000432679800014

    View details for PubMedID 29489531

  • Reduced incidence of feeding tube dislodgement and missed feeds in burn patients with nasal bridle securement. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries Li, A. Y., Rustad, K. C., Long, C., Rivera, E., Mendiola, M., Schenone, M., Karanas, Y. L. 2018

    Abstract

    INTRODUCTION: Feeding tubes in burn patients are at high risk for becoming dislodged as traditional tape securement does not adhere well to sloughed skin, resulting in nutrition delivery disruption and placing patients at increased risk for iatrogenic injury upon reinsertion.METHODS: Seventy-four patients admitted to our regional burn center requiring nasoenteric nutritional support were prospectively followed. Fourty-one patients received a nasal bridle while thirty-three received traditional tape and elastic dressings. Primary outcomes centered on measuring clinical efficacy of the nasal bridle system.RESULTS: Conventional tape-secured feeding tubes were dislodged more frequently (0.9±0.2 times per 10 feeding days vs. 0.2±0.1 times per 10 feeding days; p=0.005). Nasal bridle secured tubes showed significantly longer functional life on Kaplan Meier analysis (hazard ratio 0.35; p=0.01). Fewer abdominal x-ray studies were performed to confirm tube placement in nasal bridle patients (1.48±0.13 for nasal bridle vs. 2.21±0.21 for conventional tape-secured; p=0.003). Overall, patients with bridle securement had fewer hours of missed enteric feeds (2.51±0.95hours vs. 6.72±2.07hours; p=0.05). Importantly, utilization of a nasal bridle decreased overall estimated costs for enteric feeding management ($1,379.72±120.70 vs. $1,107.66±63.95; p=0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Utilization of a nasal bridle system provides a reliable method for securement of nasoenteric feeding tubes with clinical benefits in the burn patient population.

    View details for PubMedID 29728283

  • Impact of Inpatient Venous Thromboembolism Continues After Discharge: Retrospective Propensity Scored Analysis in a Longitudinal Database CLINICAL SPINE SURGERY Li, A. Y., Azad, T. D., Veeravagu, A., Bhatti, I., Li, A., Cole, T., Desai, A., Ratliff, J. K. 2017; 30 (10): E1392–E1398
  • Social Media and the Plastic Surgery Patient PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY Sorice, S. C., Li, A. Y., Gilstrap, J., Canales, F. L., Furnas, H. J. 2017; 140 (5): 1047–56

    Abstract

    Many plastic surgeons use social media as a marketing tool to attract and retain patients, but information about how patients use social media and their preferred types of plastic surgery posts have been lacking.To investigate patients' preferred social media networks and the type of posts they wished to see, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a single aesthetic practice of two plastic surgeons by surveying 100 consecutive patients.The age of the patients averaged 44.4 years (range, 17 to 78 years). Facebook had the greatest patient use and engagement, with YouTube second in use, and Instagram second in number of engaged users. Over half used Pinterest, but with little daily engagement. Only one-fourth used Snapchat, but the percentage of users who were highly engaged was second only to Facebook. The least popular network was Twitter, with the fewest patient users and least engagement. Social media played a minor role compared with the practice's Web site in both influencing patients to choose the practice and providing information on the day of the appointment. Patients most wanted to see posts on a plastic surgeon's social media platform related to practice information, before-and-after photographs, and contests. Articles about plastic surgery held the least interest. Among five types of Web site content, patients expressed most interest in before-and-after photographs.This study is the first to articulate the plastic surgery patient perspective regarding social media. The findings aim to help plastic surgeons maximize their influence on their target audience.

    View details for PubMedID 29068943

  • Reply to Letter to the Editor: Why Women Request Labiaplasty. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Sorice, S., Li, A. Y., Canales, F. L., Furnas, H. J. 2017

    View details for PubMedID 28820808

  • Why Women Request Labiaplasty PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY Sorice, S. C., Li, A. Y., Canales, F. L., Furnas, H. J. 2017; 139 (4): 856-863

    Abstract

    In recent years, labiaplasty has jumped in popularity, despite opposition to the procedure. In 2007, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists declared the recommendation of cosmetic vaginal procedures to be "untenable," although in 2016 they allowed consideration of labiaplasty in adolescents if symptoms persist. The reasons for labiaplasty requests are not yet fully understood, and physician opposition limits patient access to surgical relief.In this prospective study, 50 consecutive patients consulting about labiaplasty were given a questionnaire assessing 11 physical and appearance-related symptoms associated with elongated labia.The mean patient age was 33.5 years (range, 17 to 51 years). Fifty-eight percent of women had given birth, 52 percent noticed that their labia had become elongated as they got older, and 93 percent had bilateral elongation. When asked about physical symptoms, over half of patients experienced tugging during intercourse, found tight pants uncomfortable, experienced twisting of the labia, and noted labia visibility in yoga pants. Nearly half experienced pain during intercourse, and 40 percent said their labia could become exposed in bathing suits. Regarding appearance, almost all patients were self-conscious and over half felt less attractive to their partner, experienced restricted clothing choice, and noted a negative impact on self-esteem and intimacy. Nearly all patients experienced at least four symptoms.Most patients requesting labiaplasty experience both physical and appearance-related symptoms. Understanding this patient perspective is crucial in assessing surgical outcomes. Furthermore, the better all physicians understand labia symptomatology, the better supported patients will be in seeking surgical relief.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000003181

    View details for Web of Science ID 000398956600049

    View details for PubMedID 28350660

  • Impact of Inpatient Venous Thromboembolism Continues After Discharge: Retrospective Propensity Scored Analysis in a Longitudinal Database. Clinical spine surgery Li, A. Y., Azad, T. D., Veeravagu, A., Bhatti, I., Li, A., Cole, T., Desai, A., Ratliff, J. K. 2016: -?

    Abstract

    Propensity score matched retrospective study using a nationwide longitudinal database.To quantify the longitudinal economic impact of venous thromboembolism (VTE) complications in spinal fusion patients.VTE is a rare and serious complication that may occur after spine surgery. The long-term socioeconomic impact understanding of these events has been limited by small sample sizes and a lack of longitudinal follow-up. We provide a comparative economic outcomes analysis of these complications.We identified 204,308 patients undergoing spinal fusion procedures in a national billing claims database (MarketScan) between 2006 and 2010. Cohorts were balanced using 50:1 propensity score matching and outcome measures compared at 6, 12, and 18 months postoperation.A total of 1196 (0.6%) patients developed postoperative VTE, predominantly occurring following lumbar fusion (69.7%). Postoperative VTE patients demonstrated an increase in hospital length of stay (7.8 vs. 3.3 d, P<0.001) and a decreased likelihood of being discharged home (71% vs. 85%, P<0.001). A $26,306 increase in total hospital payments (P<0.001) was observed, with a disproportionate increase seen in hospital payments ($22,103, P<0.001), relative to physician payments ($1766, P=0.001).At 6, 12, and 18 months postfusion, increased rates of readmission and follow-up clinic visits were observed. Delayed readmissions were associated with decreased length of stay (3.6 vs. 4.6 d, P<0.001), but increased total payments, averaging at $21,270 per readmission. VTE patients generated greater cumulative outpatient service payments, costing $8075, $11,134, and $13,202 more at 6, 12, and 18 months (P<0.001).VTEs are associated with longer hospitalizations, a decreased likelihood of being discharged home, and overall increases of hospital resource utilization and cost in inpatient and outpatient settings. VTE patients generate greater charges in the outpatient setting and are more likely to become readmitted at 6, 12, and 18 months after surgery, demonstrating a significant socioeconomic impact long after occurrence.Level III-therapeutic.

    View details for PubMedID 27750270

  • Hyperbaric Oxygen Corrects the Peri-Wound Microvascular Flow Sorice, S. C., Lundh, T., Li, A. Y., Rustad, K., Atayan, G. B., Sen, S. K., Chandra, V., Gurtner, G. C. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. 2016: S97–S98
  • External Tissue Expansion: The New Frontier in Nipple Reconstruction Sorice, S. C., Rustad, K., Li, A. Y., Meyer, S., Dung Nguyen, Gurtner, G. C. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. 2016: E162–E163
  • The Role of Stem Cell Therapeutics in Wound Healing: Current Understanding and Future Directions. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Sorice, S., Rustad, K. C., Li, A. Y., Gurtner, G. C. 2016; 138 (3): 31S-41S

    Abstract

    Chronic wounds present unique challenges for healthcare providers as they place patients at increased risk for various morbidities and mortality. Advances in wound care technology have expanded the treatment options available for wound management, but few products fully address the underlying core deficiencies responsible for the development of poorly healing wounds. In the future, addressing these derangements will undoubtedly play a key role in the treatment of these patients. Broad enthusiasm has surrounded the field of stem cell biology, which has shown great promise in repairing damaged tissues across numerous disease phenotypes.In this review, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature and evaluate the present landscape of wound therapeutics while discussing the rationales and allure behind stem cell-based products. We further propose 2 challenges that remain as new stem cell-based therapies are being developed and as this technology moves toward clinical translation.Given the relatively young age of this newer technology in wound healing, numerous challenges continue to surround its effective use including identifying the ideal population of stem cells to use and determining the optimal cell delivery method. However, significant forward progress has been made, with several clinical trials beginning to demonstrate reliable clinical benefit.The upward trajectory of stem cell technologies provides an exciting opportunity to positively impact patient outcomes through the controlled application of regenerative cell-based therapy.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002646

    View details for PubMedID 27556772

  • Microfluidic single-cell transcriptional analysis rationally identifies novel surface marker profiles to enhance cell-based therapies NATURE COMMUNICATIONS Rennert, R. C., Januszyk, M., Sorkin, M., Rodrigues, M., Maan, Z. N., Duscher, D., Whittam, A. J., Kosaraju, R., Chung, M. T., Paik, K., Li, A. Y., Findlay, M., Glotzbach, J. P., Butte, A. J., Gurtner, G. C. 2016; 7

    Abstract

    Current progenitor cell therapies have only modest efficacy, which has limited their clinical adoption. This may be the result of a cellular heterogeneity that decreases the number of functional progenitors delivered to diseased tissue, and prevents correction of underlying pathologic cell population disruptions. Here, we develop a high-resolution method of identifying phenotypically distinct progenitor cell subpopulations via single-cell transcriptional analysis and advanced bioinformatics. When combined with high-throughput cell surface marker screening, this approach facilitates the rational selection of surface markers for prospective isolation of cell subpopulations with desired transcriptional profiles. We establish the usefulness of this platform in costly and highly morbid diabetic wounds by identifying a subpopulation of progenitor cells that is dysfunctional in the diabetic state, and normalizes diabetic wound healing rates following allogeneic application. We believe this work presents a logical framework for the development of targeted cell therapies that can be customized to any clinical application.

    View details for DOI 10.1038/ncomms11945

    View details for Web of Science ID 000379085200001

    View details for PubMedID 27324848

  • National trends in inpatient admissions following stereotactic radiosurgery and the in-hospital patient outcomes in the United States from 1998 to 2011. Journal of radiosurgery and SBRT Ho, A. L., Li, A. Y., Sussman, E. S., Pendharkar, A. V., Iyer, A., Thompson, P. A., Tayag, A. T., Chang, S. D. 2016; 4 (3): 165-176

    Abstract

    This study sought to examine trends in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and in-hospital patient outcomes on a national level by utilizing national administrative data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.Using the NIS database, all discharges where patients underwent inpatient SRS were included in our study from 1998 - 2011 as designated by the ICD9-CM procedural codes. Trends in the utilization of primary and adjuvant SRS, in-hospital complications and mortality, and resource utilization were identified and analyzed.Our study included over 11,000 hospital discharges following admission for primary SRS or for adjuvant SRS following admission for surgery or other indication. The most popular indication for SRS continues to be treatment of intracranial metastatic disease (36.7%), but expansion to primary CNS lesions and other non-malignant pathology beyond trigeminal neuralgia has occurred over the past decade. Second, inpatient admissions for primary SRS have declined by 65.9% over this same period of time. Finally, as inpatient admissions for SRS become less frequent, the complexity and severity of illness seen in admitted patients has increased over time with an increase in the average comorbidity score from 1.25 in the year 2002 to 2.29 in 2011, and an increase in over-all in-hospital complication rate of 2.8 times over the entire study period.As the practice of SRS continues to evolve, we have seen several trends in associated hospital admissions. Overall, the number of inpatient admissions for primary SRS has declined while adjuvant applications have remained stable. Over the same period, there has been associated increase in complication rate, length of stay, and mortality in inpatients. These associations may be explained by an increase in the comorbidity-load of admitted patients as more high-risk patients are selected for admission at inpatient centers while more stable patients are increasingly being referred to outpatient centers.

    View details for PubMedID 27795870

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5081223

  • Intraoperative neuromonitoring in single-level spinal procedures: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis in a national longitudinal database. Spine Cole, T., Veeravagu, A., Zhang, M., Li, A., Ratliff, J. K. 2014; 39 (23): 1950-1959

    Abstract

    Study Design. Retrospective propensity score-matched analysis on a national database (MarketScan) between 2006 and 2010.Objective. To compare rates of neurological deficits after elective single level spinal procedures with and without intraoperative neuromonitoring, as well as associated payment differences and geographic variance.Summary of Background Data. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring is a technique that may contribute to avoiding permanent neurological injury during some spine surgery procedures. However, it is unclear if all patients undergoing spine surgery benefit from neuromonitoring.Methods. An identified 85,640 patients underwent single level spinal procedures including anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), lumbar fusion, lumbar laminectomy, or lumbar discectomy. Neuromonitoring was identified with appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Cohorts were balanced on baseline comorbidities and procedure characteristics using propensity score matching. Trauma and spinal tumors cases were excluded.Results. 12.66% patients received neuromonitoring intraoperatively. Lumbar laminectomies had reduced 30-day neurological complication rate with neuromonitoring (0.0% vs 1.18%, p = 0.002). Neuromonitoring did not correlate with reduced intraoperative neurological complications in ACDFs (0.09% vs 0.13%), lumbar fusions (0.32% vs 0.58%), or lumbar discectomy (1.24% vs. 0.91%). With the addition of neuromonitoring, payments for ACDFs increased 16.24% ($3,842), lumbar fusions 7.84% ($3,540), lumbar laminectomies 24.33% ($3,704), and lumbar discectomies 22.54% ($2.859). Significant geographic variation was evident. Some states had no recorded single-level spinal cases with concurrent neuromonitoring. Rates for ACDFs and lumbar fusions, laminectomies, and discectomies ranged as high as 61%, 58%, 22%, and 21%, respectively.Conclusions. With intraoperative neurological monitoring in single level procedures, neurological complications were only decreased among lumbar laminectomies. No difference was observed in ACDFs, lumbar fusions, or lumbar discectomies. There was a significant increase in total payments associated with the index procedure and hospitalization. We demonstrate significant geographic variation in neuromonitoring.

    View details for DOI 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000593

    View details for PubMedID 25202940