Academic Appointments


  • Associate Professor, Organizational Behavior

2023-24 Courses


Stanford Advisees


All Publications


  • Understanding Diversity Ideologies From the Target's Perspective: A Review and Future Directions FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY Gundemir, S., Martin, A. E., Homan, A. C. 2019; 10
  • Intersectional Escape: Older Women Elude Agentic Prescriptions More Than Older Men. Personality & social psychology bulletin Martin, A. E., North, M. S., Phillips, K. W. 2018: 146167218784895

    Abstract

    Both older individuals and women are proscribed from engaging in power-related behaviors, with women proscribed from behaving agentically and older individuals expected to cede desirable resources through "Succession." However, little is known about whether these overlapping agency prescriptions equally target men and women across the lifespan. In seven studies, we find that older men face the strongest prescriptions to behave less agentically and cede resources, whereas older women are comparatively spared. We show that agency prescriptions more strongly target older men, compared to older women (Studies 1a, 1b, 2) and their younger counterparts (Studies 3 and 4) and examine social and economic consequences for agentic behavior in political, economic, and academic domains. We also find that older men garner more extreme (i.e., polarized) reactions due to their greater perceived resource threat (Studies 4-6). We conclude by discussing theoretical implications for diversity research and practical considerations for accommodating the fast-aging population.

    View details for PubMedID 30084290

  • TO DELEGATE OR NOT TO DELEGATE: GENDER DIFFERENCES IN AFFECTIVE ASSOCIATIONS AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO DELEGATION ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL Akinola, M., Martin, A. E., Phillips, K. W. 2018; 61 (4): 1467–91
  • Dehumanizing Gender: The Debiasing Effects of Gendering Human-Abstracted Entities. Personality & social psychology bulletin Martin, A. E., Slepian, M. L. 2018; 44 (12): 1681–96

    Abstract

    The propensity to "gender"-or conceptually divide entities by masculinity versus femininity-is pervasive. Such gendering is argued to hinder gender equality, as it reifies the bifurcation of men and women into two unequal categories, leading many to advocate for a "de-gendering movement." However, gendering is so prevalent that individuals can also gender entities far removed from human sex categories of male and female (i.e., weather, numbers, sounds) due to the conceptual similarities they share with our notions of masculinity and femininity (e.g., tough, tender). While intuition might predict that extending gender to these (human-abstracted) entities only further reinforces stereotypes, the current work presents a novel model and evidence demonstrating the opposing effect. Five studies demonstrate that gendering human-abstracted entities highlights how divorced psychological notions of gender are from biological sex, thereby decreasing gender stereotyping and penalties toward stereotype violators, through reducing essentialist views of gender. Rather than "de-gendering" humans, we demonstrate the potential benefits of "dehumanizing gender."

    View details for DOI 10.1177/0146167218774777

    View details for PubMedID 29804501

  • What "blindness" to gender differences helps women see and do: Implications for confidence, agency, and action in male-dominated environments ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES Martin, A. E., Phillips, K. W. 2017; 142: 28–44
  • The role of stress mindset in shaping cognitive, emotional, and physiological responses to challenging and threatening stress. Anxiety, stress, and coping Crum, A. J., Akinola, M., Martin, A., Fath, S. 2017: 1-17

    Abstract

    Prior research suggests that altering situation-specific evaluations of stress as challenging versus threatening can improve responses to stress. The aim of the current study was to explore whether cognitive, physiological and affective stress responses can be altered independent of situation-specific evaluations by changing individuals' mindsets about the nature of stress in general.Using a 2 × 2 design, we experimentally manipulated stress mindset using multi-media film clips orienting participants (N = 113) to either the enhancing or debilitating nature of stress. We also manipulated challenge and threat evaluations by providing positive or negative feedback to participants during a social stress test.Results revealed that under both threat and challenge stress evaluations, a stress-is-enhancing mindset produced sharper increases in anabolic ("growth") hormones relative to a stress-is-debilitating mindset. Furthermore, when the stress was evaluated as a challenge, a stress-is-enhancing mindset produced sharper increases in positive affect, heightened attentional bias towards positive stimuli, and greater cognitive flexibility, whereas a stress-is-debilitating mindset produced worse cognitive and affective outcomes.These findings advance stress management theory and practice by demonstrating that a short manipulation designed to generate a stress-is-enhancing mindset can improve responses to both challenging and threatening stress.

    View details for DOI 10.1080/10615806.2016.1275585

    View details for PubMedID 28120622