Minal Moharir

All Publications

• A Scoping Review of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Nutrition. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Wu, X., Oniani, D., Shao, Z., Arciero, P., Sivarajkumar, S., Hilsman, J., Mohr, A. E., Ibe, S., Moharir, M., Li, L. J., Jain, R., Chen, J., Wang, Y. 2025: 100398

  Abstract

  With the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in precision nutrition rapidly expanding, a scoping review on recent studies and potential future directions is demanded.This scoping review examines: (1) the current landscape, including publication venues, targeted diseases, AI applications, methods, evaluation metrics, and considerations of minority and cultural factors; (2) common patterns in AI-driven precision nutrition studies; and (3) gaps, challenges and future research directions.Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) process, we extracted 198 articles from major databases with search keywords in three categories: precision nutrition keywords, artificial intelligence keywords and natural language processing keywords.The extracted literature reveals a surge in AI-driven precision nutrition research, with ∼75% (n=148) published since 2020. It also showcases a diverse publication landscape, with these studies predominantly focusing on diet-related diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular conditions, while emphasizing health optimization, disease prevention, and management. We highlight diverse datasets and critically discuss methodologies and evaluation metrics to guide future studies. Importantly, we underscore the significance of minority and cultural aspects in enhancing health technologies and advancing equity. Future research should deepen the integration of these factors to fully harness AI's potential in precision nutrition.This scoping review offers the most recent advancements in artificial intelligence for precision nutrition studies, expanding the scope to not only AI methodologies and their applications but also evaluates publication venues, targeted disease, datasets used and minority and cultural factors, which have been mostly overlooked in prior studies. Furthermore, with numerous gaps and challenges presented in the discussion section, this review significantly improves the understanding of AI's role in precision nutrition and provides new insights for future research.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100398

  View details for PubMedID 40024275

• STRONG-D: Strength training regimen for normal weight diabetics: Rationale and design. Contemporary clinical trials Faroqi, L., Bonde, S., Goni, D. T., Wong, C. W., Wong, M., Walai, K., Araya, S., Azamey, S., Schreiner, G., Bandy, M., Raghuram, S. S., Mittal, A., Mukherji, A., Wangdak, T., Talamoa, R., Vera, K., Nacif-Coelho, C., Cde, L. G., Christensen, M., Johannsen, N., Haddad, F., Moharir, M., Palaniappan, L. 2019

  Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a lack of data on effective lifestyle recommendations for normal-weight diabetics (NWD), who can represent up to 1 in 5 individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). NWD is especially prevalent in Asian populations and the elderly. Specific exercise treatment recommendations are needed for patients with normal-weight diabetes (NWD), as those in this category face higher mortality rates than overweight and obese diabetics. Standard T2DM treatment recommends aerobic training; however, performing aerobic training alone may not be appropriate for NWD and strength training may be a more effective treatment recommendation.OBJECTIVE: While it is known that strength and aerobic training are beneficial in obese diabetics, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend this regimen in NWD. The Strength Training Regimen for Normal Weight Diabetics (STRONG-D) study aims to determine the best exercise regimen for NWD and address the current lack of appropriate physical activity recommendations for this population. The primary goal of this study is to determine whether strength training aids glycemic control better than aerobic training in NWD.STUDY DESIGN: STRONG-D is a three-arm randomized controlled trial designed to compare the clinical effectiveness of structured strength training only, aerobic training only, and combination (strength + aerobic) training sessions, modeled after the intervention in the Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training in T2DM patients (HART-D) study. Potential participants meeting eligibility criteria of HbA1c values of 6.5% to 13.0% and BMI of 18.5 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 will be enrolled. After randomization, participants will begin a 9-month exercise intervention. The primary outcomes will be HbA1c levels. The secondary endpoints will include physical fitness, body composition measured by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scans, and leg strength and endurance measured by Biodex testing. Initial follow-up visits will occur at 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months. To determine the long-term effects of the exercise intervention, passive follow-up will continue via electronic health records (EHR) until a 24-month follow-up visit. A total of 282 participants will be randomized into the three study arms determine the clinically significant differences between strength-only, aerobic-only and combination regimens.

  View details for PubMedID 30625372

• Evaluating the clinical implementation of structured exercise: A randomized controlled trial among non-insulin dependent type II diabetics. Contemporary clinical trials Dpm, L. F., Wong, M., Bonde, S., Wong, C. W., Walai, K., West, W., Goni, D. T., Araya, S., Azamey, S., Nacif-Coelho, C., Raghuram, S. S., Vera, K., Mittal, A., Cde, L. G., Christensen, M., Johannsen, N., Haddad, F., Moharir, M., Palaniappan, L. 2018

  Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) currently recommends 150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week and resistance exercise at least twice per week in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to improve overall health.1 However, approximately 38% of patients with T2DM do not exercise at recommended levels and 31% do not exercise at all.2 The efficacy of structured exercise interventions has been proven effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in patients, but practical approaches are needed to translate these findings into the clinical setting.3-7 OBJECTIVE: The Initiate and Maintain Physical Activity in Clinics (IMPACT) Study aims to compare structured group exercise within the clinic to usual care in T2DM patients. The main purpose of the study is to determine the optimal and feasible level and weekly frequency of structured contact in a clinical setting needed to initiate and maintain physical activity recommendations long-term.STUDY DESIGN: IMPACT is a longitudinal, randomized-controlled study designed to track study participants over 30 months. Once study participants have met eligibility and enrollment criteria, they are randomized and enrolled into one of three arms: 1* per week exercise, 3* per week exercise, or the usual care control group. After randomization, participants begin Phase 1: Initiate lasting 6 months. Over the course of Phase 1, participants in the exercise groups will attend instructor led group training at a Stanford approved physical fitness facility. At the end of 6 months, participants enter Phase 2: Maintain lasting 24 months. Over the course of Phase 2, participants in all three arms will attend periodic follow-up visits for clinical measurements and survey administration for their final two years of participation. These findings will enable the clinical implementation of a structured exercise regimen designed to specifically address the aerobic and resistance training recommendations for patients with T2DM.

  View details for PubMedID 30205182