Ananya Goyal

All Publications

• Tension-Dependent Variability and Repeatability of Achilles Tendon UTE-T2* Mapping Using Mono- and Bi-Exponential Models. NMR in biomedicine Goyal, A., Barbieri, M., Mazzoli, V., Kogan, F. 2026; 39 (6): e70302

  Abstract

  Quantitative MRI using ultrashort echo time (UTE)-T2* mapping is sensitive to collagen-bound water and tendon microstructure, enabling noninvasive assessment of tendon integrity and laxity. However, the extent to which UTE-T2* measures reflect changes in tendon tension, and their repeatability, remain incompletely understood. We evaluated the sensitivity of mono- and bi-exponential UTE-T2* measures of the Achilles tendon to changes in tendon tension induced by ankle positioning and assessed the test-retest repeatability of these metrics across repeated scan sessions. In this study, healthy adult volunteers underwent UTE-MRI of the Achilles tendon at two scan sessions, spaced 1 week apart, with the ankle positioned in dorsiflexion (higher tendon tension) and plantarflexion (lower tendon tension). Mono-exponential T2* (T2*mono) and bi-exponential parameters (T2*short, T2*long, and short-component fraction ρshort) were quantified. We performed a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA to assess the main effects of ankle position and scan session, and their interaction. Repeatability was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of variation (CV%), and Bland-Altman analysis. We observed that short-component T2* metrics demonstrated significant sensitivity to tendon tension. A main effect of ankle position was observed for T2*mono (p < 0.001) and T2*short (p = 0.02), with lower values in dorsiflexion compared with plantarflexion. No significant effect of scan session or ankle position × scan session interactions were observed. T2*long and ρshort showed no significant dependence on position or scan session, suggesting that bulk hydration and relative water-compartment contributions remained stable across loading conditions. Dorsiflexion demonstrated lower RMSE and CV% across metrics than plantar flexion, indicating improved repeatability under passive tendon tension. UTE-T2* relaxometry of the Achilles tendon is repeatable and sensitive to changes in tendon tension. Short T2* measures may provide quantitative imaging markers related to tendon mechanical integrity and laxity, while highlighting the importance of standardized tendon tension for longitudinal quantitative tendon MRI.

  View details for DOI 10.1002/nbm.70302

  View details for PubMedID 42104751

• [18F]NAF PET-MRI STRESS TEST DETECTS INCREASED METABOLIC BONE RESPONSE TO WHOLE-JOINT LOADING STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL KNEE PAIN Goyal, A., Vainberg, Y., Lee, J., Song, Y., Kogan, F. ELSEVIER SCI LTD. 2025: S275-S276

  View details for Web of Science ID 001528915600032

• SYSTEMIC PATTERNS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS: FEASIBILITY OF A MULTI-JOINT SUBCHONDRAL BONE AND CLINICAL ASSESSMENT STUDY USING [18F]NAF PET-MRI Goyal, A., Vainberg, Y., Lee, J., Song, Y., Kogan, F. ELSEVIER SCI LTD. 2025

  View details for Web of Science ID 001614836800003

• PET-MRI: the promise of multi-tissue imaging of early disease mechanisms in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and cartilage Kogan, F., Watkins, L. E., Goyal, A. 2024

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.joca.2024.10.011

  View details for PubMedID 39489372

• The Aging Knee: Changes in Bone Metabolic Activity Measured Using [18F]NaF PET-MR Imaging Goyal, A., Vainberg, Y., Kogan, F. OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2024: 35-36

  View details for Web of Science ID 001361790800109

• CLUSTERING ANALYSIS OF [18F]SODIUM FLUORIDE PET-MRI ACUTE METABOLIC BONE RESPONSE TO STAIR CLIMBING IN KNEE, FEMORAL NECK AND LUMBAR SPINE Barbieri, M., Goyal, A., Gatti, A. A., Pedersen, R., Haddock, B., Kogan, F. ELSEVIER SCI LTD. 2024: S360

  View details for Web of Science ID 001280544200513

• Multimodal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in non-oncologic musculoskeletal radiology. Skeletal radiology Kogan, F., Yoon, D., Teeter, M. G., Chaudhari, A. J., Hales, L., Barbieri, M., Gold, G. E., Vainberg, Y., Goyal, A., Watkins, L. 2024

  Abstract

  Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are associated with large impacts on patient's pain and quality of life. Conventional morphological imaging of tissue structure is limited in its ability to detect pain generators, early MSK disease, and rapidly assess treatment efficacy. Positron emission tomography (PET), which offers unique capabilities to evaluate molecular and metabolic processes, can provide novel information about early pathophysiologic changes that occur before structural or even microstructural changes can be detected. This sensitivity not only makes it a powerful tool for detection and characterization of disease, but also a tool able to rapidly assess the efficacy of therapies. These benefits have garnered more attention to PET imaging of MSK disorders in recent years. In this narrative review, we discuss several applications of multimodal PET imaging in non-oncologic MSK diseases including arthritis, osteoporosis, and sources of pain and inflammation. We also describe technical considerations and recent advancements in technology and radiotracers as well as areas of emerging interest for future applications of multimodal PET imaging of MSK conditions. Overall, we present evidence that the incorporation of PET through multimodal imaging offers an exciting addition to the field of MSK radiology and will likely prove valuable in the transition to an era of precision medicine.

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s00256-024-04640-4

  View details for PubMedID 38492029

  View details for PubMedCentralID 6899769

• Imaging of joint response to exercise with MRI and PET. Skeletal radiology Watkins, L. E., Goyal, A., Gatti, A. A., Kogan, F. 2023

  Abstract

  Imaging of the joint in response to loading stress may provide additional measures of joint structure and function beyond conventional, static imaging studies. Exercise such as running, stair climbing, and squatting allows evaluation of the joint response to larger loading forces than during weight bearing. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) may assess properties of cartilage and meniscus hydration and organization in vivo that have been investigated to assess the functional response of these tissues to physiological stress. [18F]sodium fluoride ([18F]NaF) interrogates areas of newly mineralizing bone and provides an opportunity to study bone physiology, including perfusion and mineralization rate, as a measure of joint loading stress. In this review article, methods utilizing quantitative MRI, PET, and hybrid PET-MRI systems for assessment of the joint response to loading from exercise in vivo are examined. Both methodology and results of various studies performed are outlined and discussed. Lastly, the technical considerations, challenges, and future opportunities for these approaches are addressed.

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s00256-022-04271-7

  View details for PubMedID 36646851

• Effects of dynamic [18F]NaF PET scan duration on kinetic uptake parameters in the knee. Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland) Watkins, L. E., Haddock, B., Goyal, A., Kogan, F. 2023; 3: 1194961

  Abstract

  Introduction: Accurately estimating bone perfusion and metabolism using [18F]NaF kinetics from shorter scan times could help address concerns related to patient comfort, motion, and throughput for PET scans. We examined the impact of changing the PET scan duration on the accuracy of [18F]NaF kinetic parameters in the knee.Methods: Both knees of twenty participants with and without osteoarthritis were scanned using a hybrid PET-MRI system (53±13 years, BMI 25.9±4.2 kg/m2, 13 female). Seventeen participants were scanned for 54±2 min, and an additional three participants were scanned for 75 min. Patlak K i and Hawkins kinetic parameters (K i, K 1, extraction fraction) were assessed using 50- or 75-minutes of scan data as well as for scan durations that were retrospectively shortened. The error of the kinetic uptake parameters was calculated in bone regions throughout the knee.Results: The mean error of Patlak K i, Hawkins K i, K 1, and extraction fraction was less than 10% for scan durations exceeding 30 min and decreased with increasing scan duration.Conclusions: The length of dynamic data acquisition can be reduced to as short as 30 min while retaining accuracy within the limits of reproducibility of Hawkins kinetic uptake parameters.

  View details for DOI 10.3389/fnume.2023.1194961

  View details for PubMedID 39355034