School of Medicine
Showing 121-140 of 5,115 Results
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Manuel R. Amieva
Professor of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases) and of Microbiology and Immunology
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsMy laboratory studies how bacteria colonize our bodies for long periods of time, and how interactions between bacteria and the epithelial surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and skin may lead to disease. Epithelial surfaces are the first barrier against infection, but they also where our bodies meet and co-evolve with the microbial world.. Several of our studies have focused on the epithelial junctions as a target for bacterial pathogens. The host epithelium uses its epithelial junctions to form a tight but dynamic barrier with an external surface that is inhospitable to microbial attachment, secretes anti-microbial compounds, and has a rapid rate of self-renewal. The balance in the microbe-epithelial relationship results in silent commensalism or symbiosis; an imbalance results in diseases ranging from acute bacterial invasive disease to chronic ulcers or carcinoma.
Our laboratory has developed novel microscopy applications such as quantitative 3D confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, time-lapse imaging, microinjection and micromanipulation to visualize the interaction of pathogens with epithelial cells in culture and in animal and human tissues. Many of out studies focus on the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori, but we have also expanded our investigations to include the intestinal pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica, and the skin pathogen and colonizer Staphylococcus aureus. I believe that elucidating how microbes communicate with and alter our epithelial cells at a molecular level will be important for finding novel therapeutic targets to control mucosal colonization and prevent invasive disease.
Using this perspective, we have uncovered several novel concepts of how bacteria colonize and breach our epithelial surfaces. For example, we discovered that Helicobacter pylori target the intercellular junctions, and in particular that the virulence factor CagA affects junction assembly and cell polarity. This confers H. pylori the ability to extract nutrients and grow directly on the epithelial surface. We also found that these properties of CagA have consequences for cellular transformation of the epithelium. For instance, we showed that H. pylori affect the activity and state of epithelial stem cells in the stomach by colonizing the epithelial surface deep in the gastric glands. This gland-associated population is essential for pathological inflammation and hyperplasia in animal models, and confers significant colonization advantages to the bacteria. Our Listeria research uncovered a new mechanism and site where bacteria can breach the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier to invade. We found that Listeria find their receptor for invasion at sites of epithelial senescence, where the epithelial junctions undergo dynamic turnover. To study Salmonella and H. pylori we have developed a human organoid model to study their interactions with human gut epithelium in vitro. To study Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis, we have developed methods to visualize infection at the scale of a single bacterial microcolony using an organoid culture system of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts that grow into a 3D skin-equivalent. We recently identified several proteins at the eptithelial junctions as host factors involved in the pathogenesis of one of Staphylococcus aureus major toxins. -
Michael Amylon
Professor of Pediatrics (Hematology/Oncology) at the Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Emeritus
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsBone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a treatment modality which is being broadly applied to a growing number of disorders. Increasing success with BMT is offering improved survival to pediatric and adult patients with acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, lymphomas, and a variety of solid tumors as well as severe aplastic anemia.
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Kanwaljeet S. Anand
Professor of Pediatrics (Pediatric Critical Care) and of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsDr. Anand is a translational clinical researcher who pioneered research on the endocrine-metabolic stress responses of infants undergoing surgery and developed the first-ever scientific rationale for pain perception in early life. This provided a framework for newer methods of pain assessment, numerous clinical trials of analgesia/anesthesia in newborns, infants and older children. His research focus over the past 30+ years has contributed fundamental knowledge about pediatric pain/stress, long-term effects of pain in early life, management of pain, mechanisms for opioid tolerance and withdrawal. Current projects in his laboratory are focused on developing biomarkers for repetitive pain/stress in critically ill children and the mechanisms underlying sedative/anesthetic neurotoxicity in the immature brain. He designed and directed many randomized clinical trials (RCT), including the largest-ever pediatric analgesia trial studying morphine therapy in ventilated preterm neonates. He has extensive experience in clinical and translational research from participating in collaborative networks funded by NIMH, NINDS, or NICHD, a track-record of excellent collaboration across multiple disciplines, while achieving success with large research teams like the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network (CPCCRN). He played a leadership roles in CANDLE (Condition Affecting Neuro-Development & Learning in Early infancy) and other activities of the Urban Child Institute and UT Neuroscience Institute. More recently, he led the NeoOpioid Consortium funded by the European Commission, which collected data from 243 NICUs in 18 European countries.
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Christine Anastasiou, MD, MAS
Clinical Assistant Professor, Medicine - Immunology & Rheumatology
BioDr. Anastasiou is a board-certified, fellowship-trained rheumatologist with the Stanford Health Care Immunology and Rheumatology Clinic. She is also a clinical assistant professor in the Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology at Stanford University School of Medicine.
Dr. Anastasiou specializes in diagnosing and treating patients with rheumatic diseases. She has a special interest in ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
Her scholarly work includes epidemiologic studies and clinical trials focused on improving safety and health outcomes for people with chronic rheumatic diseases. Dr. Anastasiou has served as an investigator and collaborator for clinical trials of new therapies to treat rheumatic disease. She is actively involved in medical education through developing and leading patient, medical student, resident, and fellow educational programs.
Dr. Anastasiou is a member of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). She has published her research in peer-reviewed journals, including Arthritis Care & Research and Lupus Science & Medicine. She has delivered lectures and presentations across the country and abroad on various topics related to rheumatology. -
Chad Anderson
Clinical Assistant Professor, Medicine - Primary Care and Population Health
BioChad Anderson is a Physician Assistant at Stanford ValleyCare and a Clinical Assistant Professor with the Stanford School of Medicine MSPA program. He is the Assistant Director of PA education at ValleyCare. He is dual credentialed as a Family Nurse Practitioner and a Physician Assistant. He completed his FNP/PA training at the Stanford School of Medicine and his graduate studies at A.T. Still University – Arizona School of Health Sciences. He is passionate about improving our patients hospital experience as well as educating our future providers.
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Kenton Anderson
Clinical Professor, Emergency Medicine
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsCardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Cardiac Arrest
Emergency Ultrasound -
Rodney U. Anderson, MD FACS
Professor (Clinical) of Urology, Emeritus
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsClinical Medical Research devoted to tertiary level application of treatment modalities for neurologic and functional disturbances of the genitourinary tract. Problems such as urinary incontinence, urinary retention, urinary flow dysfunction (BPH), impotence, and chronic pelvic pain syndromes are addressed. New medical devices and technology for treating these disorders are investigated
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Thomas Anthony ("Tony") Anderson
Clinical Professor, Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsMy lab's research focuses on two areas:
1. Focused ultrasound for peripheral nervous system modulation- We are interested in the potential of focused ultrasound to modulate peripheral nerves and improve both acute and chronic pain.
2. Pediatric perioperative outcomes- Our goals are to understand A) how various perioperative pain management strategies affect outcomes in children who undergo surgery and B) whether disparities in the perioperative pain management of children occur. -
Kazuo Ando
Clinical Associate Professor, Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
BioBorn and raised in Japan, Dr. Ando received an MD-PhD degree from the Aichi Medical University. After anesthesia training, Dr. Ando came to Stanford to pursue clinical and basic research experience. During his postdoctoral fellowship in Dr. Gaudilliere's laboratory, Dr. Ando worked on publication of “A next-generation single-cell technology (mass cytometry) to study the feto-maternal immune system,” a project designed to evaluate the immune response associated with preterm birth. In addition, Dr. Ando performs research in Obstetric Anesthesia, such as respiratory monitoring after cesarean sections and labor satisfaction, to obtain clinical research experience and to understand the key differences in medicine between the United States and Japan.
After his postdoctoral fellowship, Dr. Ando has maintained his status as a researcher in Dr. Gaudilliere's laboratory, continuing work relating to pregnancy and preterm birth.
Dr. Ando divides his efforts between laboratory research and the clinic. -
Katrin Andreasson
Edward F. and Irene Thiele Pimley Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsOur research focuses on understanding how immune responses initiate and accelerate synaptic and neuronal injury in age-related neurodegeneration, including models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. We also focus on the role of immune responses in aggravating brain injury in models of stroke. Our goal is the identification of critical immune pathways that function in neurologic disorders and that can be targeted to elicit disease modifying effects.
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Jason Andrews
Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) and, by courtesy, of Epidemology
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsOur laboratory aims to develop and test innovative approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and control of infectious diseases in resource-limited settings. We draw upon multiple fields including mathematical modeling, microbial genetics, field epidemiology, statistical inference and biodesign to work on challenging problems in infectious diseases, with an emphasis on tuberculosis and tropical diseases.
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Lay Teng Ang
Assistant Professor of Urology
BioAs a stem cell biologist, I aim to understand the mechanisms through which stem cells differentiate into progressively specialized cell types and to harness this knowledge to artificially generate pure populations of desired cell types from stem cells. My work over the past ten years has centered on pluripotent stem cells (PSCs, which include embryonic and pluripotent stem cells), which can generate any of the hundreds of diverse cell types in the body. However, it has been notoriously challenging to guide PSCs to differentiate into a pure population of a given cell type. Current differentiation strategies typically generate heterogeneous cell populations unsuitable for basic research or clinical applications. To address this challenge, I mapped the cascade of branching lineage choices through which PSCs differentiate into various endodermal and mesodermal cell types. I then developed effective methods to differentiate PSCs into specific lineages by providing the extracellular signal(s) that specify a given lineage while inhibiting the signals that induce the alternate fate(s), enabling the generation of highly-pure human heart and bone (Loh & Chen et al., 2016; Cell) and liver (Loh & Ang et al., 2014; Cell Stem Cell) from PSCs. My laboratory currently focuses on differentiating human PSCs into liver progenitors (Ang et al., 2018; Cell Reports) and blood vessel cells (Ang et al., 2022; Cell).
I earned my Ph.D. jointly from the University of Cambridge and A*STAR and was subsequently appointed as a Research Fellow and, later, a Senior Research Fellow at the Genome Institute of Singapore. I then moved my laboratory to Stanford University as a Siebel Investigator and Instructor at the Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine. In 2024, I am jointly appointed in the Stanford Department of Urology and Stem Cell Institute as an Assistant Professor.
I am an Additional Ventures Catalyst to Independence Fellow, Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network Career Development Awardee, Faculty Women’s Forum’s Inspiring Early Academic Career Award recipient, and Stanford-HBMC Recognizing Individuals for Support and Empowerment Award recipient. I have mentored over 31 trainees and currently mentor seven lab members, including two postdoctoral fellows, one research assistant, two CIRM interns, and one undergraduate intern.
