Stanford University
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Andrei Linde
Humanities and Sciences Professor, Emeritus
BioWhat is the origin and the global structure of the universe?
For a long time, scientists believed that our universe was born in the big bang, as an expanding ball of fire. This scenario dramatically changed during the last 35 years. Now we think that initially the universe was rapidly inflating, being in an unstable energetic vacuum-like state. It became hot only later, when this vacuum-like state decayed. Quantum fluctuations produced during inflation are responsible for galaxy formation. In some places, these quantum fluctuations are so large that they can produce new rapidly expanding parts of the universe. This process makes the universe immortal and transforms it into a multiverse, a huge fractal consisting of many exponentially large parts with different laws of low-energy physics operating in each of them.
Professor Linde is one of the authors of inflationary theory and of the theory of an eternal inflationary multiverse. His work emphasizes the cosmological implications of string theory and supergravity.
Current areas of focus:
- Construction of realistic models of inflation based on supergravity and string theory
- Investigation of conceptual issues related to the theory of inflationary multiverse -
Brian Linde, MD
Clinical Associate Professor, Medicine - Primary Care and Population Health
BioDr. Linde is a double board-certified, fellowship-trained internal medicine doctor with the Department of Medicine, Division of Primary Care & Population Health at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is board certified in both internal medicine and occupational and environmental medicine. He is fellowship trained in occupational and environmental medicine.
Dr. Linde specializes in preventing, managing, and treating work-related injuries and diseases. He uses his expertise to improve the physical and mental wellness of his patients while reducing their exposure to occupational and environmental hazards. As a public health expert, Dr. Linde also focuses on enhancing the health of entire populations through strategies and policies that benefit communities as a whole.
His academic interests include inhalational exposures and occupational lung diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. Linde studied how to increase adherence to infection prevention recommendations in clinical settings. He has also worked on guidance related to exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). These chemicals, which are found in water, food, and fabrics, are an ongoing public health concern. Dr. Linde has also researched how to improve the mental and physical health of medical students and ways to prevent physician burnout.
Dr. Linde has published in many peer-reviewed journals, including Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine and Academic Medicine. As a member of the Committee on the Guidance on PFAS Testing and Health Outcomes, Dr. Linde contributed to Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up, a publication of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. He was also a reviewer for Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health and the American Journal of Industrial Medicine.
He has written book chapters for Modern Occupational Diseases: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Management and Prevention and Patty’s Industrial Hygiene. He wrote about preventing occupational and environmental pulmonary disorders for the Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Dr. Linde has been invited to speak at workshops and presentations all over the nation about a range of topics, including environmental health risks in underserved communities and the health effects of floods.
Dr. Linde is a member of the American Board of Internal Medicine and the American Board of Preventive Medicine. He is also a member of the American College of Physicians and the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
