David Bingham

All Publications

• Disease-specific B cell clones are shared between patients with Crohn's disease. Nature communications Kotagiri, P., Rae, W. M., Bergamaschi, L., Pombal, D., Lee, J. Y., Noor, N. M., Sojwal, R. S., Rubin, S. J., Unger, L. W., Tolmeijer, S. H., Manferrari, G., Bashford-Rogers, R. J., Bingham, D. B., Stift, A., Rogalla, S., Gubatan, J., Lee, J. C., Smith, K. G., McKinney, E. F., Boyd, S. D., Lyons, P. A. 2025; 16 (1): 3689

  Abstract

  B cells have important functions in gut homeostasis, and dysregulated B cell populations are frequently observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, including both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). How these B cell perturbations contribute to disease remains largely unknown. Here, we perform deep sequencing of the B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire in four cohorts of patients with CD, together with healthy controls and patients with UC. We identify BCR clones that are shared between patients with CD but not found in healthy individuals nor in patients with UC, indicating CD-associated B cell immune responses. Shared clones are present in the inflamed gut mucosa, draining intestinal lymph nodes and blood, suggesting the presence of common CD-associated antigens that drive B cell responses in CD patients.

  View details for DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-58977-y

  View details for PubMedID 40246842

  View details for PubMedCentralID 7060942

• Fistulizing and Stricturing Esophageal Crohn's Disease Requiring Esophagectomy. ACG case reports journal Dimopoulos-Verma, C., Ott, A., Yeoh, A., Barakat, M., Bingham, D., Keyashian, K., Barber, G. 2025; 12 (2): e01604

  Abstract

  Esophageal Crohn's disease is uncommon and difficult to identify, especially in the adult population. In this study, we report a biologic-naïve patient with colonic Crohn's disease complicated by recurrent esophageal strictures despite many dilations, who presented to our center with recurrent aspiration pneumonia. He was found to have a tracheoesophageal fistula as the likely etiology. After multidisciplinary discussion, he underwent esophagectomy given the severity of his stenosis. The patient's surgical course was complicated by dysphonia and aspiration due to unilateral vocal cord paralysis, which resolved with vocal cord injection. This case highlights a severe manifestation of esophageal Crohn's disease.

  View details for DOI 10.14309/crj.0000000000001604

  View details for PubMedID 39901879

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC11789893

• Improving Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis with US: New Paradigms. Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc Patel, R., Tse, J. R., Shen, L., Bingham, D. B., Kamaya, A. 2024; 44 (12): e240032

  Abstract

  Acute cholecystitis is an inflammatory condition of the gallbladder typically incited by mechanical obstruction. Accurate diagnosis of this common clinical condition is challenging due to variable imaging appearances as well as overlapping clinical manifestations with biliary colic, acute hepatitis, pancreatitis, and cholangiopathies. In acute cholecystitis, increased dilatation and high intraluminal pressures lead to gallbladder inflammation and may progress to gangrenous changes, focal wall necrosis, and subsequent perforation. In acute calculous cholecystitis, gallstones are the cause of obstruction and are often impacted in the gallbladder neck or cystic duct, leading to gallbladder inflammation. In acalculous cholecystitis, patients are typically critically ill, often with hypotensive episodes and prolonged gallbladder stasis, which lead to obstruction, gallbladder ischemia, and inflammation. Helpful sonographic findings of acute cholecystitis include a dilated gallbladder; increased intraluminal pressures in the gallbladder, resulting in a bulging fundus (tensile fundus sign); intraluminal sludge in the setting of right upper quadrant pain; wall hyperemia, which may be quantified by elevated cystic artery velocities or hepatic artery velocities; mucosal ischemic changes, characterized by loss of mucosal echogenicity; pericholecystic inflammation, characterized by hyperechoic pericholecystic fat; and mucosal discontinuity. Extruded complex fluid next to a wall defect is definitive for gallbladder wall perforation, and further evaluation with CT or MRI allows evaluation of the full extent of perforation and other potential complications. The sonographic Murphy sign, while helpful if positive, is relatively insensitive for accurate diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Thus, overreliance on the sonographic Murphy sign results in surprisingly low diagnostic accuracy in practice.

  View details for DOI 10.1148/rg.240032

  View details for PubMedID 39541246

• A pathologist-AI collaboration framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracies and efficiencies. Nature biomedical engineering Huang, Z., Yang, E., Shen, J., Gratzinger, D., Eyerer, F., Liang, B., Nirschl, J., Bingham, D., Dussaq, A. M., Kunder, C., Rojansky, R., Gilbert, A., Chang-Graham, A. L., Howitt, B. E., Liu, Y., Ryan, E. E., Tenney, T. B., Zhang, X., Folkins, A., Fox, E. J., Montine, K. S., Montine, T. J., Zou, J. 2024

  Abstract

  In pathology, the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical settings is constrained by limitations in data collection and in model transparency and interpretability. Here we describe a digital pathology framework, nuclei.io, that incorporates active learning and human-in-the-loop real-time feedback for the rapid creation of diverse datasets and models. We validate the effectiveness of the framework via two crossover user studies that leveraged collaboration between the AI and the pathologist, including the identification of plasma cells in endometrial biopsies and the detection of colorectal cancer metastasis in lymph nodes. In both studies, nuclei.io yielded considerable diagnostic performance improvements. Collaboration between clinicians and AI will aid digital pathology by enhancing accuracies and efficiencies.

  View details for DOI 10.1038/s41551-024-01223-5

  View details for PubMedID 38898173

  View details for PubMedCentralID 6345440

• Scattering-Based Light Sheet Microscopy Imaging of HPV-Associated Squamous Lesions of the Anal Canal: A Proof-of-Principle Study. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc Liang, B., Zhao, J., Kim, Y., Barry-Holson, K. Q., Bingham, D. B., Charville, G. W., Darragh, T. M., Folkins, A. K., Howitt, B. E., Kong, C. S., Longacre, T. A., McHenry, A. J., Toland, A. M., Zhang, X., Lim, K., Khan, M. J., Kang, D., Yang, E. J. 2024: 100493

  Abstract

  Demand for anal cancer screening is expected to rise following the recent publication of the ANCHOR trial, which showed that treatment of HSIL significantly reduces the rate of progression to anal cancer. While screening for HPV-associated squamous lesions in the cervix is well-established and effective, this is less true for other sites in the lower anogenital tract. Current anal cancer screening and prevention rely on high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) with biopsies. This procedure has a steep learning curve for providers and may cause patient discomfort. Scattering-based light-sheet microscopy (sLSM) is a novel imaging modality with the potential to mitigate these challenges through real-time, microscopic visualization of disease-susceptible tissue. Here, we report a proof-of-principle study that establishes feasibility of dysplasia detection using an sLSM device. We imaged 110 anal biopsy specimens collected prospectively at our institution's dysplasia clinic (including 30 nondysplastic, 40 LSIL and 40 HSIL specimens) and found that these optical images are highly interpretable and accurately recapitulate histopathologic features traditionally used for the diagnosis of HPV-associated squamous dysplasia. A reader study to assess diagnostic accuracy suggests that sLSM images are noninferior to H&E for the detection of anal dysplasia (sLSM accuracy = 0.87, H&E accuracy = 0.80; p = 0.066). Given these results, we believe that sLSM technology holds great potential to enhance the efficacy of anal cancer screening by allowing accurate sampling of diagnostic tissue at the time of anoscopy. While the current imaging study was performed on ex vivo biopsy specimens, we are currently developing a handheld device for in vivo imaging that will provide immediate microscopic guidance to HRA providers.

  View details for DOI 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100493

  View details for PubMedID 38615709

• Management of incidentally detected gallbladder polyps: a review of clinical scenarios using the 2022 SRU gallbladder polyp consensus guidelines. Abdominal radiology (New York) Knight, J., Kamaya, A., Fetzer, D., Dahiya, N., Gabriel, H., Rodgers, S. K., Tublin, M., Walsh, A., Bingham, D., Middleton, W., Fung, C. 2024

  Abstract

  Gallbladder (GB) polyps are a common incidental finding on sonography, but only a small fraction of polyps become GB cancer. The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) consensus committee recently performed an extensive literature review and published guidelines for GB polyp follow-up/management to provide clarity among the many heterogeneous recommendations that are available to clinicians. As these guidelines have become adopted into clinical practice, challenging clinical scenarios have arisen including GB polyps in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), high risk geographic/genetic patient populations, shrinking polyps, pedunculated vs sessile polyps, thin vs thick stalked polyps, vascular polyps and multiple polyps. According to the SRU guidelines, clinicians should refer to gastroenterology guidelines when managing GB polyps in patients with known PSC. If patients at high geographic/genetic risk develop GB polyps, 'extremely low risk' polyps may be managed as 'low risk' and 10-14mm 'extremely low risk' or '7-14mm' low risk polyps that decrease in size by≥4mm require no follow-up. Thin-stalked or pedunculated polyps are 'extremely low risk' and thick-stalked pedunculated polyps are 'low risk'. Sessile polyps are 'low risk' but should receive immediate specialist referral if features suggestive of GB cancer are present. Neither polyp multiplicity nor vascularity impact risk of GB cancer and follow up should be based on morphology alone.

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s00261-024-04197-9

  View details for PubMedID 38411693

• Reply to "Risk Factors and Recommendations for Follow-Up of Gallbladder Polyps". AJR. American journal of roentgenology Walsh, A. J., Bingham, D. B., Kamaya, A. 2022: 1-2

  View details for DOI 10.2214/AJR.22.28051

  View details for PubMedID 36069724

• Management of Incidentally Detected Gallbladder Polyps: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Recommendations. Radiology Kamaya, A., Fung, C., Szpakowski, J., Fetzer, D. T., Walsh, A. J., Alimi, Y., Bingham, D. B., Corwin, M. T., Dahiya, N., Gabriel, H., Park, W. G., Porembka, M. R., Rodgers, S. K., Tublin, M. E., Yuan, X., Zhang, Y., Middleton, W. D. 2022: 213079

  Abstract

  Gallbladder polyps (also known as polypoid lesions of the gallbladder) are a common incidental finding. The vast majority of gallbladder polyps smaller than 10 mm are not true neoplastic polyps but are benign cholesterol polyps with no inherent risk of malignancy. In addition, recent studies have shown that the overall risk of gallbladder cancer is not increased in patients with small gallbladder polyps, calling into question the rationale for frequent and prolonged follow-up of these common lesions. In 2021, a Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound, or SRU, consensus conference was convened to provide recommendations for the management of incidentally detected gallbladder polyps at US. See also the editorial by Sidhu and Rafailidis in this issue.

  View details for DOI 10.1148/radiol.213079

  View details for PubMedID 35787200

• Evaluation of early sonographic predictors of gangrenous cholecystitis: mucosal discontinuity and echogenic pericholecystic fat. Abdominal radiology (New York) Tse, J. R., Gologorsky, R., Shen, L., Bingham, D. B., Jeffrey, R. B., Kamaya, A. 1800

  Abstract

  PURPOSE: To identify early sonographic features of gangrenous cholecystitis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 101 patients with acute cholecystitis and a pre-operative sonogram were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists in this IRB-approved and HIPAA-compliant study. Imaging data were correlated with histologic findings and compared using the Fisher's exact test or Student t test with p<0.05 to determine statistical significance.RESULTS: Forty-eight patients had gangrenous cholecystitis and 53 had non-gangrenous acute cholecystitis. Patients with gangrenous cholecystitis tended to be older (67±17 vs 48±18years; p=0.0001), male (ratio of male:female 2:1 vs 0.6:1; p=0.005), tachycardic (60% vs 28%; p=0.001), and diabetic (25% vs 8%; p=0.001). Median time between pre-operative sonogram and surgery was 1day. On imaging, patients with gangrenous cholecystitis were more likely to have echogenic pericholecystic fat (p=0.001), mucosal discontinuity (p=0.010), and frank perforation (p=0.004), while no statistically significant differences were seen in the presence of sloughed mucosa (p=0.104), pericholecystic fluid (p=0.523) or wall striations (p=0.839). In patients with gangrenous cholecystitis and echogenic pericholecystic fat, a smaller subset had concurrent mucosal discontinuity (57%), and a smaller subset of those had concurrent frank perforation (58%). The positive likelihood ratios for gangrenous cholecystitis with echogenic fat and mucosal discontinuity were 4.6 (95% confidence interval 1.9-11.3) and 14.4 (2.0-106), respectively.CONCLUSION: Echogenic pericholecystic fat and mucosal discontinuity are early sonographic findings that may help identify gangrenous cholecystitis prior to late findings of frank perforation.

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s00261-021-03320-4

  View details for PubMedID 34985635

• Pancreatic INI1-deficient undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma achieves complete clinical response on gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel following immediate progression on FOLFIRINOX: a case report. Journal of gastrointestinal oncology King, D. A., Rahalkar, S., Bingham, D. B., Fisher, G. A. 2021; 12 (2): 874-879

  Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: INI1-deficient undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma is a rare pancreatic carcinoma for which the optimal treatment is unknown. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the most common histology of pancreas cancer, is treated with combination chemotherapy in the advanced setting, a strategy supported by strong evidence in well powered studies. In patients with excellent performance status, first-line treatment usually consists of the three-drug regimen FOLFIRINOX, with the combination of gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel, typically less toxic than the three-drug regimen, reserved for second-line therapy. Given the lack of published reports describing treatment outcomes for patients with rare forms of pancreatic cancer, the same treatment approach used for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is typically employed.OBSERVATION: This case describes a patient with metastatic pancreatic INI1-deficient undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma who was primarily resistant to FOLFIRINOX therapy but who then achieved an immediate, marked and sustained response to gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel.CONCLUSION: Given the lack of data informing on optimal management of INI1-deficient pancreatic undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma, and the exceptional response achieved by gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel, this case report highlights a surprising and potentially informative anecdote. Additional studies are needed to confirm responses observed in this report which when taken together may strongly influence first-line therapy choice for this rare malignancy. Given the difficult in acquiring sufficient numbers of these rare histologies in any one institution, multi-institution collaboration in studying outcomes of rare pancreatic malignancies is likely essential.

  View details for DOI 10.21037/jgo-20-478

  View details for PubMedID 34012674

• Longitudinal Ultrasound Assessment of Changes in Size and Number of Incidentally-Detected Gallbladder Polyps. AJR. American journal of roentgenology Walsh, A. J., Bingham, D. B., Kamaya, A. 2021

  Abstract

  Background: Recent European multisociety guidelines recommend routine follow-up imaging of gallbladder polyps (including polyps <6 mm in patients without risk factors) and size change of ≥2 mm to prompt cholecystectomy. Objective: To assess longitudinal changes in the number and size of gallbladder polyps on serial ultrasound examinations. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent at least one screening ultrasound examination between January 2010 and December 2020 as part of a hepatocellular carcinoma screening and surveillance program that demonstrated a gallbladder polyp. Number of polyps and size of largest polyp were recorded based primarily on review of examination reports. Longitudinal changes on serial examinations were summarized. Pathologic findings from cholecystectomy were reviewed. Results: Among 9683 patients, 759 (8%) had at least one ultrasound examination showing a polyp. Of these, 434 patients (248 male, 186 female; mean age, 50.6 years) had multiple examinations (range, 2-19 examinations; mean 4.8 examinations per patient; mean interval between first and last examinations of 3.6 ± 3.1 years, maximum 11.0 years). Among these 434 patients, 257 had one polyp, 40 had two polyps, and 137 had more than 2 polyps. Polyp size was ≤6 mm in 368 patients, 7-9 mm in 52 patients, and ≥10 mm in 14 patients. Number of polyps increased in 9%, decreased in 14%, both increased and decreased on serial examinations in 22%, and showed no change in 55%. Polyp size increased in 10%, decreased in 16%, both increased and decreased on serial examinations in 18%, and showed no change in 56%. In 9% of patients, gallbladder polyps were not detected on follow-up imaging; in 6% of patients, gallbladder polyps were not detected on a follow-up examination but then detected on later studies. No gallbladder carcinoma was identified in nineteen patients who underwent cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Gallbladder polyps fluctuate in size, number, and visibility over serial examinations. Using 2 mm threshold for growth, 10% increased in size. No carcinoma was identified. Clinical Impact: Recent European multisociety guidelines that propose surveillance of essentially all polyps and a 2 mm size change as basis for cholecystectomy are likely too conservative for clinical application.

  View details for DOI 10.2214/AJR.21.26614

  View details for PubMedID 34549608

• Not in the Same Vein: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Malignancy, and Enterocolic Lymphocytic Phlebitis. Digestive diseases and sciences Farber, O. N., Weingarden, A., Lee, C., Braxton, D. R., Bingham, D., Scott, G., Fernandez-Becker, N., Goff, D., Shelton, A., Kin, C. 2020

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-020-06425-w

  View details for PubMedID 32594463

• Gut Dysthymia: Paraneoplastic Chronic Watery Diarrhea. Digestive diseases and sciences Wei, M. T., Scapa, J., Bingham, D., Triadafilopoulos, G. 2020

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-020-06058-z

  View details for PubMedID 31965390

• Ruptured Oncocytic Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm: Think Beyond the Pancreas DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES Jensen, C. W., Worhunsky, D. J., Triadafilopoulos, G., Bingham, D. B., Visser, B. C. 2019; 64 (6): 1436–38

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-018-5444-2

  View details for Web of Science ID 000468153200008

• Ruptured Oncocytic Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm: Think Beyond the Pancreas. Digestive diseases and sciences Jensen, C. W., Worhunsky, D. J., Triadafilopoulos, G., Bingham, D. B., Visser, B. C. 2019

  View details for PubMedID 30607688

• Antigen Identification for Orphan T Cell Receptors Expressed on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes CELL Gee, M. H., Han, A., Lofgren, S. M., Beausang, J. F., Mendoza, J. L., Birnbaum, M. E., Bethune, M. T., Fischer, S., Yang, X., Gomez-Eerland, R., Bingham, D. B., Sibener, L. V., Fernandes, R. A., Velasco, A., Baltimore, D., Schumacher, T. N., Khatri, P., Quake, S. R., Davis, M. M., Garcia, K. 2018; 172 (3): 549-+

  Abstract

  The immune system can mount T cell responses against tumors; however, the antigen specificities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are not well understood. We used yeast-display libraries of peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) to screen for antigens of "orphan" T cell receptors (TCRs) expressed on TILs from human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Four TIL-derived TCRs exhibited strong selection for peptides presented in a highly diverse pHLA-A∗02:01 library. Three of the TIL TCRs were specific for non-mutated self-antigens, two of which were present in separate patient tumors, and shared specificity for a non-mutated self-antigen derived from U2AF2. These results show that the exposed recognition surface of MHC-bound peptides accessible to the TCR contains sufficient structural information to enable the reconstruction of sequences of peptide targets for pathogenic TCRs of unknown specificity. This finding underscores the surprising specificity of TCRs for their cognate antigens and enables the facile indentification of tumor antigens through unbiased screening.

  View details for PubMedID 29275860

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5786495

• Double Rarities, Double Challenges: Extra-Mammary Paget's Disease and Anal Adenocarcinoma. Digestive diseases and sciences Gholami, S., Wood, L. S., Bingham, D., Kin, C. 2016; 61 (4): 996-999

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-015-3819-1

  View details for PubMedID 26233548

• Double Rarities, Double Challenges: Extra-Mammary Paget's Disease and Anal Adenocarcinoma DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES Gholami, S., Wood, L. S., Bingham, D., Kin, C. 2016; 61 (4): 996-999

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-015-3819-1

  View details for Web of Science ID 000372301900012

• Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Heterotopic Pancreas in an Adolescent DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES Rodriguez, A. A., Berquist, W., Bingham, D. 2015; 60 (4): 835-837

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s10620-014-3314-0

  View details for Web of Science ID 000354464900010

  View details for PubMedID 25107445

• Molecular assessment of surgical-resection margins of gastric cancer by mass-spectrometric imaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Eberlin, L. S., Tibshirani, R. J., Zhang, J., Longacre, T. A., Berry, G. J., Bingham, D. B., Norton, J. A., Zare, R. N., Poultsides, G. A. 2014; 111 (7): 2436-2441

  Abstract

  Surgical resection is the main curative option for gastrointestinal cancers. The extent of cancer resection is commonly assessed during surgery by pathologic evaluation of (frozen sections of) the tissue at the resected specimen margin(s) to verify whether cancer is present. We compare this method to an alternative procedure, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometric imaging (DESI-MSI), for 62 banked human cancerous and normal gastric-tissue samples. In DESI-MSI, microdroplets strike the tissue sample, the resulting splash enters a mass spectrometer, and a statistical analysis, here, the Lasso method (which stands for least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and which is a multiclass logistic regression with L1 penalty), is applied to classify tissues based on the molecular information obtained directly from DESI-MSI. The methodology developed with 28 frozen training samples of clear histopathologic diagnosis showed an overall accuracy value of 98% for the 12,480 pixels evaluated in cross-validation (CV), and 97% when a completely independent set of samples was tested. By applying an additional spatial smoothing technique, the accuracy for both CV and the independent set of samples was 99% compared with histological diagnoses. To test our method for clinical use, we applied it to a total of 21 tissue-margin samples prospectively obtained from nine gastric-cancer patients. The results obtained suggest that DESI-MSI/Lasso may be valuable for routine intraoperative assessment of the specimen margins during gastric-cancer surgery.

  View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1400274111

  View details for PubMedID 24550265

• Inherited pancreatic endocrine tumor syndromes: Advances in molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and controversies CANCER Jensen, R. I., Berna, M. J., Bingham, D. B., Norton, J. A. 2008; 113 (7): 1807-1843

  Abstract

  Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) can occur as part of 4 inherited disorders, including Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), neurofibromatosis 1 (NF-1) (von Recklinghausen disease), and the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The relative frequency with which patients who have these disorders develop PETs is MEN1>VHL>NF-1>TSC. Over the last few years, there have been major advances in the understanding of the genetics and molecular pathogenesis of these disorders as well in the localization and the medical and surgical treatment of PETs in such patients. The study of PETs in these disorders not only has provided insights into the possible pathogenesis of sporadic PETs but also has presented several unique management and treatment issues, some of which are applicable to patients with sporadic PETs. Therefore, the study of PETs in these uncommon disorders has provided valuable insights that, in many cases, are applicable to the general group of patients with sporadic PETs. In this article, these areas are reviewed briefly along with the current state of knowledge of the PETs in these disorders, and the controversies that exist in their management are summarized briefly and discussed.

  View details for DOI 10.1002/cncr.23648

  View details for Web of Science ID 000259661800011

  View details for PubMedID 18798544

• Splenic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with type 1 Gaucher disease: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY Brody, J. D., Advani, R., Shin, L. K., Bingham, D. B., Rosenberg, S. A. 2006; 85 (11): 817-820

  View details for DOI 10.1007/s00277-006-0176-3

  View details for Web of Science ID 000240520100011

  View details for PubMedID 16937096