All Publications

  • Virtual reality facilitated exercise improves pain perception: A crossover study. Journal of clinical anesthesia Rodriguez, S. T., Makarewicz, N., Wang, E. Y., Zuniga-Hernandez, M., Titzler, J., Jackson, C., Suen, M. Y., Rosales, O., Caruso, T. J. 2023; 91: 111257

    Abstract

    STUDY OBJECTIVE: Both virtual reality (VR) and exercise are recognized for their analgesic and anxiolytic properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of VR-facilitated exercise to modulate pain.DESIGN: Within-subject cross-over clinical trial.SETTING: The Stanford Chariot Program conducted this study at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford (LCPHS).PATIENTS: Healthy participants meeting inclusion criteria were recruited by volunteer solicitation from LCPHS.INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized by hand dominance and subjected to a standardized cold pressor test with no VR or exercise. After a 5-min wash-out period, participants repeated the test on their other hand while experiencing a VR-facilitated exercise condition. Pain sensitivity, pain tolerance, and sympathetic activation data were collected during both conditions.MEASUREMENTS: Pain sensitivity was scored 0-10 and collected every 30s. Pain tolerance was recorded as the duration a participant could endure the painful stimuli. Sympathetic activation was measured by skin conductance response density (SCRD) and recorded in 30s epochs by a biosensor. In all analyses, data were nested by participant.MAIN RESULTS: Forty-one participants completed both interventions. Pain sensitivity was reduced in the VR-facilitated exercise condition (p<0.0001). There was no difference in pain tolerance between conditions. While both conditions resulted in an increase in sympathetic activity, SCRD was higher at all time points in the VR-facilitated exercise condition.CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in pain sensitivity indicates VR-facilitated exercise results in improved pain perception. VR-facilitated exercise may be especially useful for patients with chronic pain or other conditions requiring physical therapy, where pain may be exacerbated by exercise.

    View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111257

    View details for PubMedID 37708601

  • Effects of bicultural competence and racial identity on intrinsic motivation: The mediating role of belonging to Native American tribal colleges CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY LaFromboise, T., Rosales, O., Hosseini, Z. 2023; 74

    View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2023.102203

    View details for Web of Science ID 001024009100001

  • Prehospital Pediatric Emergency Training Using Augmented Reality Simulation: A Prospective, Mixed Methods Study. Prehospital emergency care Friedman, N., Zuniga-Hernandez, M., Titzler, J., Suen, M. Y., Wang, E., Rosales, O., Graham, J., D'Souza, P., Menendez, M., Caruso, T. J. 2023: 1-18

    Abstract

    ObjectivePediatric emergencies are high-stakes yet low-volume clinical encounters for emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians, necessitating innovative approaches to training. We sought to explore the acceptability, usability, and ergonomics of a novel augmented reality (AR) software for EMS crisis management training.MethodsThis was a prospective, mixed-methods study employing qualitative and quantitative analyses. We enrolled emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics at a municipal fire service in Northern California. We ran the Chariot Augmented Reality Medical simulation software (#details_redacted_for_peer_review) on the ML1 headset (Magic Leap, Inc., Plantation, FL), which enabled participants to view an AR image of a patient overlaid with real-world training objects. Participants completed a simulation of a pediatric hypoglycemia-induced seizure and cardiac arrest. Participants subsequently engaged in structured focus group interviews assessing acceptability, which we coded and thematically analyzed. We evaluated the usability of the AR system and ergonomics of the ML1 headset using previously validated scales, and we analyzed findings with descriptive statistics.ResultsTwenty-two EMS clinicians participated. We categorized focus group interview statements into seven domains after an iterative thematic analysis: general appraisal, realism, learning efficacy, mixed reality feasibility, technology acceptance, software optimization, and alternate use cases. Participants valued the realism and the mixed reality functionality of the training simulation. They reported that AR could be effective for practicing pediatric clinical algorithms and task prioritization, building verbal communication skills, and promoting stress indoctrination. However, participants also noted challenges with integrating AR images with real-world objects, the learning curve required to adapt to the technology, and areas for software improvement. Participants favorably evaluated the ease of use of the technology and comfortability of wearing the hardware; however, most participants reported that they would need technical support.ConclusionParticipants positively evaluated the acceptability, usability, and ergonomics of an AR simulator for pediatric emergency management training, and participants identified current technological limitations and areas for improvement. AR simulation may serve as an effective training adjunct for prehospital clinicians.

    View details for DOI 10.1080/10903127.2023.2224876

    View details for PubMedID 37318845

  • Cultural taxation or "tax credit'? Understanding the nuances of ethnoracially minoritized student labor in higher education ETHNIC AND RACIAL STUDIES Rosales, O., Schell, E. P., Gutierrez, C., Padilla, A. 2022

    View details for DOI 10.1080/01419870.2022.2143717

    View details for Web of Science ID 000884231000001