Bio


Professor Hanson has been an international leader in the development of laser-based diagnostic methods for combustion and propulsion, and in the development of modern shock tube methods for accurate determination of chemical reaction rate parameters needed for modeling combustion and propulsion systems. He and his students have made several pioneering contributions that have impacted the pace of propulsion research and development worldwide. During his career at Stanford, Professor Hanson has successfully managed over 100 research contracts and grants, with a total value well over $50 million. He and his students have authored over 1300 publications.

Professor Hanson is a fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the Optical Society of America. He has received the Egerton Gold Medal and is an Inaugural Fellow of the Combustion Institute, and has been elected to the National Academy of Engineering. He is also an Inaugural Distinguished Fellow of the International Shock Wave Institute and the winner of the R. Soloukhin Medal from the Institute for Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems. He is, perhaps, most happy about the recognition that his students have received for their publications, including Best Paper Awards from the AIAA Ground Test Conference, AIAA Propellant and Combustion Section, and the Combustion Institute Silver Medal. Recent awards include the 2023 Julius Springer Award for Applied Physics, a 2023 AIAA SciTech Outstanding Paper Award, and the selection as an Inaugural Distinguished Fellow from the The International Shock Wave Institute in 2022.

Professor Hanson has graduated over 115 Ph.D. candidates and supervised over 20 postdoctoral scholars and research associates. Thirty-four of his students have gone on to become professors including: Varghese (University of Texas at Austin), Louge (Cornell University), Kirby (Cornell University), Wooldridge (University of Michigan), Mertens (Trinity College), Song (Yonsei University), Rossmann (Lafayette College), Sanders (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Ben-Yakar (University of Texas at Austin), Webber (University of Texas at Austin), Oehlschlaeger (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), Ma (University of Virginia), Koch (Trine University), Lee (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Rothamer (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Petersen (Texas A&M), Seitzman (Georgia Tech), Linne (University of Edinburgh), Yoo (SUNY Buffalo), Porter (Colorado School of Mines), Liu (University of Washington), Vasu (University of Central Florida), Ren (Chinese University of Hong Kong), Rieker (University of Colorado Boulder), Farooq (KAUST), Goldenstein (Purdue University), Spearrin (University of California at Los Angeles), Sun (Tongji University), Chao (Tsinghua University), Wang (Peking University), and Shao (Beijing Institute of Technology). He is currently supervising approximately 20 M.S. and Ph.D. graduate students.

Academic Appointments


Honors & Awards


  • Julius Springer Award for Applied Physics, Springer Publishing (2023)
  • SciTech Outstanding Paper Award, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2023)
  • Dedicated Issue of Combustion and Flame, Combustion Institute (2021)
  • Inaugural Distinguished Fellow, International Shock Wave Institute (2021)
  • Outstanding Paper Award, Measurement Science and Technology (2021)
  • 100th Beacon Distinguished Lecture, Tsinghua University (2020)
  • Distinguished Lecture Award, Pratt and Whitney (2019)
  • Distinguished Paper, 37th Comb. Symp., Combustion Institute (2018)
  • Inaugural Fellow, The Combustion Institute (2018)
  • Energy Systems Award, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2016)
  • Hue-Shen Tsien Professorship, China Academy of Science, Inst. of Mechanics (2016)
  • David Goodwin Memorial Lecture, California Institute of Technology (2015)
  • Milton Van Dyke Award, American Physical Society (2015)
  • Honorary Professorship, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China (2014)
  • Honorary Professorship, Northwestern Polytechnic University, China (2014)
  • Arch T. Colwell Award, Society of Automotive Engineers (2013)
  • Outstanding Paper of 2013, Journal of Measurement, Science and Technology (2013)
  • Most-cited Paper Award, Combustion and Flame (2012)
  • Top 20 Most Published Author (Past 50 years), Applied Optics (2012)
  • Best Paper in Propellants and Combustion, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2011)
  • Crocco Lecture, Princeton (2011)
  • Fowler Lecture, Texas A&M (2011)
  • R.I. Soloukhin Award, Institute for the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems (2011)
  • A. Hottel Memorial Lecture, 33rd International Combustion Symposium (2010)
  • Senior Scientist Award, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (2010)
  • Alfred Egerton Gold Medal of the Combustion Institute, Combustion Institute (2008)
  • Propellants and Combustion Award, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2005)
  • Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (2004)
  • Elected to National Academy of Engineering, National Academy of Engineering (2002)
  • Silver Medal, Combustion Institute (2002)
  • Best Paper of 2000, Journal of Measurement Science and Technology (2000)
  • Best Paper Award, Ground Test Conference (AIAA) (1997)
  • Fellow, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1997)
  • Aerodynamic Measurement Technology Award, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1996)
  • Clarence and Patricia Woodard Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University (1994)
  • Fellow, Optical Society of America (1990)

Boards, Advisory Committees, Professional Organizations


  • Inaugural Fellow, The Combustion Institute (2018 - Present)
  • Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (2004 - Present)
  • Elected Member, National Academy of Engineering (2002 - Present)
  • Fellow, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1997 - Present)
  • Fellow, Optical Society of America (1990 - Present)

Professional Education


  • M.Sc., Arizona State University, Mechanical Engineering (1965)
  • B.S., Oregon State University, Mechanical Engineering (1961)
  • Ph.D., Stanford University, Aeronautics and Astronautics (1968)

Current Research and Scholarly Interests


Professor Hanson has been an international leader in the development of laser-based diagnostic methods for combustion and propulsion, and in the development of modern shock tube methods for accurate determination of chemical reaction rate parameters needed for modeling combustion and propulsion systems. He and his students have made several pioneering contributions that have impacted the pace of propulsion research and development worldwide. During his career at Stanford, Professor Hanson has successfully managed over 100 research contracts and grants, with a total value well over $50 million. He and his students have authored over 1200 publications.

Stanford Advisees


All Publications


  • High-temperature laminar flame speed measurements of ammonia/ methane blends behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Figueroa-Labastida, M., Zheng, L., Streicher, J. W., Hanson, R. K. 2024; 261
  • Shock-tube laminar flame speed measurements of ammonia/airgon mixtures at temperatures up to 771K COMBUSTION AND FLAME Figueroa-Labastida, M., Zheng, L., Ferris, A. M., Obrecht, N., Callu, C., Hanson, R. K. 2024; 260
  • Predicting the physical and chemical properties of sustainable aviation fuels using elastic-net-regularized linear models based on extended-wavelength FTIR spectra FUEL Boddapati, V., Ferris, A. M., Hanson, R. K. 2024; 356
  • Multi-speciation and ignition delay time measurements of ammonia oxidation behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Rault, T. M., Clees, S., Figueroa-Labastida, M., Barnes, S. C., Ferris, A. M., Obrecht, N., Callu, C., Hanson, R. K. 2024; 260
  • Spectroscopic modeling and measurements of the CN Violet and Red systems for the development of nonequilibrium temperature and speciation diagnostics JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Krish, A., Finch, P. M., Merrell, D. P., Streicher, J. W., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 311
  • Laser Absorption Sensor Targeting Potassium for Hypersonic Velocity, Temperature, and Enthalpy Measurements AIAA JOURNAL Schwartz, T., Finch, P. M., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., Luo, Y., Yu, W. M., Austin, J. M., Hornung, H. G. 2023

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J062620

    View details for Web of Science ID 001003665400001

  • On the use of extended-wavelength FTIR spectra for the prediction of combustion properties of jet fuels and their constituent species PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Boddapati, V., Ferris, A. M., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 39 (1): 1347-1355
  • Measurements of propane-O 2-Ar laminar flame speeds at temperatures exceeding 1000 K in a shock tube PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Susa, A. J., Zheng, L., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 39 (2): 1793-1802
  • Simultaneous side-wall-schlieren and -emission imaging of autoignition phenomena in conventional and constrained-reaction-volume shock-tube experiments PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 39 (1): 1377-1386
  • Shock tube/laser absorption measurement of the rate constant of the reaction: H 2 O 2+CO 2 2OH+CO 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 39 (1): 735-743
  • Two-dimensional simulation of cool and double flame formation induced by the laser ignition under shock-tube conditions PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Zhang, T., Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K., Ju, Y. 2023; 39 (2): 2017-2025
  • Laser absorption study of the N-2 + O -> NO plus N and NO plus O -> O-2 + N Zeldovich reactions in shock-heated N2O mixtures PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 35 (4)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0147764

    View details for Web of Science ID 001003916300002

  • Atmospheric-pressure shock-tube measurements of high-temperature propane laminar flame speed across multiple equivalence ratios COMBUSTION AND FLAME Zheng, L., Nygaard, Z., Figueroa-Labastida, M., Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 251
  • Low-temperature oxidation of n-octane and n-decane in shock tubes: Differences in time histories of key intermediates COMBUSTION AND FLAME Choudhary, R., Clees, S., Boddapati, V., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 251
  • NOx formation from ammonia, and its effects on oxy-combustion of hydrocarbon fuels under supercritical-CO2 conditions APPLICATIONS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE Gokulakrishnan, P., Shao, J., Klassen, M. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 13
  • Multiwavelength Speciation in Pyrolysis of n-Pentane and Experimental Determination of the Rate Coefficient of nC5H12 = nC3H7 + C2H5 in a Shock Tube. The journal of physical chemistry. A Biswas, P., Choudhary, R., Hanson, R. K. 2023

    Abstract

    We report the application of a multiwavelength speciation strategy to the study of n-pentane (nC5H12) pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves in a shock tube. Experiments were conducted with 2% nC5H12/0.8%CO2/Ar (by mole) between 1150 and 1520 K in the pressure range of 1-2 atm. Utilization of laser absorption spectroscopy at eight wavelengths allowed time-resolved measurements of n-pentane, ethylene, methane, heavy alkenes, and temperature. The measured time histories were compared against the predictions of four recently developed chemical kinetic models for heavy hydrocarbons. It was found that none of the models reconciled the measured species time histories simultaneously. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify key reactions influencing the evolution of ethylene and other major pyrolysis products. The analysis revealed that the unimolecular decomposition of n-pentane into n-propyl and ethyl radicals has a dominating influence over the evolution of ethylene in the temperature range of 1150-1450 K. The rate coefficient of this reaction was then adjusted to match the measured ethylene time histories for each experiment. The rate coefficients thus determined, were fit against temperature using an Arrhenius expression given by k1(T) = 3.5 × 1014 exp(-67.2 kcal/RT) s-1. The average overall 2σ uncertainty of the measured rate coefficient was found to be ±35%, resulting primarily from uncertainties in the rate coefficients of secondary reactions. The measured rate coefficient, when used with the models, leads to a significant improvement in the prediction of species time histories. Further improvements in the model are possible if the rate coefficients of relevant reactions pertaining to small hydrocarbon chemistry are determined with an improved accuracy, and less uncertainty. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first experimental determination of the rate coefficient of C5H12 → nC3H7 + C2H5.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07538

    View details for PubMedID 36852653

  • Shock-Tube Measurements of Atomic Nitrogen Collisional Excitation in 8000-12000 K Partially Ionized Nitrogen-Argon Mixtures. The journal of physical chemistry. A Finch, P. M., Granowitz, Z. N., Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2023

    Abstract

    We report on shock-tube experiments measuring the collisional excitation of atomic nitrogen using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). Conditions behind the reflected shocks ranged from 8000 to 12000 K and 0.1 to 1.1 atm in mixtures of 1 or 2% molecular nitrogen (N2) in argon (Ar). Absorption from the transition between atomic nitrogen quantum states 4P to 4D at 868 nm was used to monitor the formation of electronically excited nitrogen. Population measurements of the 4P state were made at a rate of 50 kHz. In connection with these measurements, a multitemperature kinetic mechanism is proposed for nitrogen excitation. Measurements suggest a multistage process. In early test times, a period of induction due to N2 dissociation is followed by a rise via heavy particle excitation. The dominant channel causing this excitation is believed to be N + N N(4P) + N with a measured forward rate constant of 3.65 * 10-18 exp(-119892/T) [m3/s]. As test time evolves, the excitation of 4P, referred to as N*, is subsequently interrupted and then resumes, as the kinetic environment becomes increasingly electron-dominated. The most impactful reactions of the mechanism are optimized to reduce the residual between simulations and the measurements. The measured N* populations indicate strong, though indirect, sensitivity to adjacent processes, including the excitation of metastable nitrogen, and ionization channels.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07839

    View details for PubMedID 36745871

  • Measurements of T5 Shock Tunnel Freestream Temperature, Velocity, and Composition AIAA JOURNAL Finch, P. M., Girard, J. J., Schwartz, T., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., Yu, W. M., Austin, J. M., Hornung, H. G. 2023

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J062383

    View details for Web of Science ID 000924854700001

  • Laminar flame speed measurements of ethanol, iso-octane, and their binary blends at temperatures up to 1020 K behind reflected shock waves FUEL Zheng, L., Figueroa-Labastida, M., Nygaard, Z., Ferris, A. M., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 356
  • Using shock tube species time-histories in Bayesian parameter estimation: Effective independent-data number and target selection PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Chen, H., Ji, W., Cassady, S. J., Ferris, A. M., Hanson, R. K., Deng, S. 2023; 39 (4): 5299-5308
  • Shock tube and multi-species laser absorption measurements of rate constants for methanol pyrolysis PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Wang, S., Ding, Y., Miao, J., Hanson, R. K. 2023; 39 (1): 755-763
  • A laser-absorption sensor for in situ detection of biofuel blend vapor in engine intakes PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Clees, S., Cha, D. H., Biswas, P., Boddapati, V., Cassady, S. J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., French, B., Gilmour, A., Hawk, K. C., Stitt, J. M., Ferlet, X. 2023; 39 (1): 1307-1316
  • Application of Reflected Shock Wave Configuration to Validate Nonequilibrium Models of Reacting Air JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER Gimelshein, S. F., Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K., Wysong, I. J. 2022

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.T6630

    View details for Web of Science ID 000891162900001

  • Logistic-Regression-Based Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting Flame Stability in a Shock Tube COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Zheng, L., Hanson, R. K. 2022
  • High-temperature vibrational relaxation and decomposition of shock-heated nitric oxide. I. Argon dilution from 2200 to 8700 K PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 34 (11)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0109109

    View details for Web of Science ID 000882457400018

  • Line mixing study of carbon monoxide near 4.7 mu m broadened by nitrogen, helium, and hydrogen JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Su, W., Ding, Y., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 390
  • A mid-IR laser absorption diagnostic for measuring formaldehyde at high pressures and its demonstration in shock tubes COMBUSTION AND FLAME Biswas, P., Choudhary, R., Panda, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 245
  • High-temperature vibrational relaxation and decomposition of shock-heated nitric oxide: II. Nitrogen dilution from 1900 to 8200 K PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 34 (11)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0122787

    View details for Web of Science ID 000882457400010

  • Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Measurements of Cyclopentadiene Pyrolysis. The journal of physical chemistry. A Johnson, S. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2022

    Abstract

    High-temperature cyclopentadiene pyrolysis was examined behind reflected shock waves in a heated shock tube using several laser absorption diagnostic schemes. A two-color, online-offline sensor near 3335 cm-1 was used to measure time histories of acetylene, while a three-color scheme of diagnostics at 10.532, 10.675, and 11.345 mum yielded measurements of cyclopentadiene and ethylene. Species time histories of cyclopentadiene decomposition and acetylene formation as well as ethylene yields are reported from 1319 to 1678 K at 1.2-1.5 atm. In addition, the overall decomposition rate of cyclopentadiene is reported, and comparisons are made to a number of kinetic models.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04381

    View details for PubMedID 35853207

  • Collisional broadening and pressure shift of the potassium resonance doublets by nitrogen, helium, and hydrogen at high temperatures JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Ding, Y., Vandervort, J. A., Freedman, R. S., Strand, C. L., Marley, M. S., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 283
  • Methodology of designing compact schlieren systems using off-axis parabolic mirrors APPLIED OPTICS Zheng, L., Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 61 (16): 4857-4864

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.457151

    View details for Web of Science ID 000808000800030

  • Spectrally-resolved ultraviolet absorption measurements of shock-heated NO from 2000 K to 6000 K for the development of a two-color rotational temperature diagnostic JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Krish, A., Streicher, J. W., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 280
  • Shock tube/laser absorption measurements of the isomerization rates of allene and propyne COMBUSTION AND FLAME Johnson, S. E., Ding, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 238
  • Distortion of expanding n-heptane flames at high unburned-gas temperatures behind reflected shocks COMBUSTION AND FLAME Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 237
  • Investigating Arcjet Mixing and Enthalpy Loss Using Atomic Oxygen Laser Absorption Spectroscopy AIAA JOURNAL Salazar, D., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., MacDonald, M. E. 2022; 60 (2): 976-984

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J060274

    View details for Web of Science ID 000802220400034

  • Line mixing study on the fundamental rovibrational band of nitric oxide near 5.3 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Su, W., Boulet, C., Almodovar, C. A., Ding, Y., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 278
  • Flame image velocimetry: seedless characterization of post-reflected-shock velocities in a shock-tube EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 2022; 63 (1)
  • Measurements of Reflected Shock Tunnel Freestream Nitric Oxide Temperatures and Partial Pressure AIAA JOURNAL Girard, J. J., Finch, P. M., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., Yu, W. M., Austin, J. M., Hornung, H. G. 2021; 59 (12): 5266-5275

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J060596

    View details for Web of Science ID 000800025200032

  • Thermometry and speciation for high-temperature and -pressure methane pyrolysis using shock tubes and dual-comb spectroscopy MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Pinkowski, N. H., Biswas, P., Shao, J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 32 (12)
  • Line mixing in the nitric oxide R-branch near 5.2 mu m at high pressures and temperatures: Measurements and empirical modeling using energy gap fitting JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Almodovar, C. A., Su, W., Choudhary, R., Shao, J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 276
  • Shock tube measurements of high-temperature argon broadening and shift parameters for the potassium D1 and D2 resonance transitions JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Ding, Y., Vandervort, J. A., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 275
  • Shock tube study of ethanol pyrolysis I: Multi-species time-history measurements COMBUSTION AND FLAME Choudhary, R., Boddapati, V., Clees, S., Girard, J. J., Peng, Y., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 233
  • Shock tube study of ethanol pyrolysis II: Rate constant measurements and modeling COMBUSTION AND FLAME Choudhary, R., Boddapati, V., Clees, S., Girard, J. J., Peng, Y., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 233
  • Spectrally-resolved absorption cross-section measurements of shock-heated O-2 for the development of a vibrational temperature diagnostic JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Krish, A., Streicher, J. W., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 270
  • Experimental and modeling of autoignition of gaseous hydrocarbon fuels in the presence of H2 and C2H4 FUEL Gokulakrishnan, P., Fuller, C., Klassen, M., Davidson, D., Hanson, R. 2021; 296
  • Collisional excitation kinetics for O(3s S-5(o)) and O(3p P-5(3)) states using laser absorption spectroscopy in shock-heated weakly ionized O-2-Ar mixture PHYSICAL REVIEW E Li, Y., Wang, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 103 (6)
  • Collisional excitation kinetics for O(3s^{5}S^{o}) and O(3p^{5}P_{3}) states using laser absorption spectroscopy in shock-heated weakly ionized O_{2}-Ar mixture. Physical review. E Li, Y., Wang, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 103 (6-1): 063211

    Abstract

    Collisional excitation kinetics for atomic oxygen is studied behind reflected shock waves in 1%O_{2}/Ar mixtures over 10 000-11 000K using laser absorption spectroscopy of the O(3s^{5}S^{o}) to O(3p^{5}P_{3}) transition at 777 nm and the O(3p^{5}P_{3}) to O(3d ^{5}D_{2,3,4}^{o}) transitions at 926 nm. Four time histories are inferred simultaneously from the absorbance of the two transitions: the population density of level 4 of atomic oxygen, i.e., the O(3s ^{5}S^{o}) state, n_{4}; the population density of level 6 of atomic oxygen, i.e., the O(3p^{5}P_{3}) state, n_{6}; the electron number density, n_{e}; and the heavy-particle translational temperature, T_{tr}. Atomic oxygen in the levels 4 and 6 are not in equilibrium with the ground-state atomic oxygen as the measurements of n_{4} and n_{6} are generally 3-20 times smaller than the corresponding values under Boltzmann equilibrium at T_{tr}. However, these two states are close to partial equilibrium with each other within the test time, indicating strong heavy-particle cross coupling between levels 4 and 6 of atomic oxygen. A simplified two-temperature collisional-radiative (CR) model is developed to study the thermal and chemical nonequilibrium of atomic oxygen following shock heating. The four measured time histories are used to optimize the 12 collisional rate constants in the CR model using a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm. The time-history results, diagnostic methods, and collisional-radiative model presented in the current study are potentially useful in studies of high-enthalpy air, plasma processing, or other applications involving weakly ionized oxygen.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.103.063211

    View details for PubMedID 34271738

  • Coupled vibration-dissociation time-histories and rate measurements in shock-heated, nondilute O-2 and O-2-Ar mixtures from 6000 to 14000K PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 33 (5)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0048059

    View details for Web of Science ID 000677502500006

  • Quantum-cascade-laser-based dual-comb thermometry and speciation at high temperatures MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Pinkowski, N. H., Cassady, S. J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 32 (3)
  • Development of a Stark shift measurement technique using excited-state oxygen atoms to determine electron number density in shock heated O-2/Ar above 10 000 K PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Li, Y., Wang, S., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 30 (2)
  • Thermal-pyrolysis induced over-driven flame and its potential role in the negative-temperature dependence of iso-octane flame speed at elevated temperatures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Yang, Q., Chen, Z., Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K., Zhao, P. 2021; 223: 65–76
  • Studies of the dynamics of autoignition assisted outwardly propagating spherical cool and double flames under shock-tube conditions PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Zhang, T., Susa, A. J., Hanson, R. K., Ju, Y. 2021; 38 (2): 2275-2283
  • An In Situ Laser-Absorption Sensor for Crank Angle-Resolved Temperature, Pressure, and Humidity in Intake-Runner Flows SAE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINES Cassady, S. J., Cha, D. H., Pinkowski, N. H., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., Ferlet, X., French, B., Mernone, B. J., Gilmour, A., Stitt, J. M. 2021; 14 (4): 551-568
  • Time-resolved, single-ended laser absorption thermometry and H2O, CO2, and CO speciation in a H-2/C2H4-fueled rotating detonation engine PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Cassady, S. J., Peng, W., Strand, C. L., Dausen, D. F., Codoni, J. R., Brophy, C. M., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 38 (1): 1719-1727
  • High-speed imaging of n-heptane ignition in a high-pressure shock tube PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2021; 38 (1): 911-918
  • Measurement of time histories of stable intermediates during first stage ignition of n-heptane and its two isomers in a shock tube PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Choudhary, R., Girard, J. J., Clees, S., Johnson, S. E., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Aradi, A. A. 2021; 38 (1): 957-965
  • Temperature-dependent absorption cross section measurements for propene, 1-butene, cis-/trans-2-butene, isobutene and 1,3-butadiene in the spectral region 8.4-11.7 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Ding, Y., Su, W., Johnson, S. E., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 255
  • Shock-induced ignition and pyrolysis of high-pressure methane and natural gas mixtures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Shao, J., Ferris, A. M., Choudhary, R., Cassady, S. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 221: 364–70
  • A physics-based approach to modeling real-fuel combustion chemistry - VI. Predictive kinetic models of gasoline fuels COMBUSTION AND FLAME Xu, R., Saggese, C., Lawson, R., Movaghar, A., Parise, T., Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Park, J., Lu, T., Hanson, R. K., Davidson, D. F., Egolfopoulos, F. N., Aradi, A., Prakash, A., Mohan, V., Cracknell, R., Wang, H. 2020; 220: 475–87
  • Vibrational relaxation time measurements in shock-heated oxygen and air from 2000 K to 9000 K using ultraviolet laser absorption PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 32 (8)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0015890

    View details for Web of Science ID 000559819800001

  • Shock-tube measurements of coupled vibration-dissociation time-histories and rate parameters in oxygen and argon mixtures from 5000 K to 10 000 K PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Hanson, R. K., Hanquist, K. M., Chaudhry, R. S., Boyd, I. D. 2020; 32 (7)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0012426

    View details for Web of Science ID 000547489500002

  • The pyrolysis of propane INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Cassady, S. J., Choudhary, R., Boddapati, V., Pinkowski, N. H., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.21395

    View details for Web of Science ID 000540365200001

  • Shock tube/laser absorption measurements of the pyrolysis of JP-10 fuel COMBUSTION AND FLAME Johnson, S. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 216: 161–73
  • Spectroscopic inference of alkane, alkene, and aromatic formation during high-temperature JP8, JP5, and Jet-A pyrolysis FUEL Pinkowski, N. H., Cassady, S. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 269
  • Quantitative measurements of broad-band mid-infrared absorption spectra of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone at combustion-relevant temperatures near 5.7 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Ding, Y., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 248
  • Ultraviolet absorption cross-section measurements of shock-heated O-2 from 2,000-8,400 K using a tunable laser JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Krish, A., Streicher, J. W., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 247
  • Two-color frequency-multiplexed IMS technique for gas thermometry at elevated pressures APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Wei, W., Peng, W., Wang, Y., Shao, J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 126 (3)
  • Collisional broadening and shift of five OH A(2)Sigma(+)<- X-2 Pi (0-0) transitions in the Q(1)-branch, by H2O, O-2, CO2, N-2 and Ar, at 1220K JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Girard, J. J., Clees, S., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 240
  • Two-temperature Collisional-radiative Modeling of Partially Ionized O2-Ar Mixtures over 8000-10,000 K Behind Reflected Shock Waves. The journal of physical chemistry. A Li, Y. n., Wang, S. n., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2020

    Abstract

    The collisional excitation kinetics of atomic oxygen was studied behind reflected shock waves using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. A test gas mixture of 1% O2/Ar was shock-heated to temperatures between 8000 and 10,000 K and pressures between 0.15 and 1 atm. The time evolution of the atomic oxygen population in the 3 s 5S0 state was monitored by laser absorption at 777.2 nm. The measured O(3 s 5S0) population revealed multistage behavior that was not observed in previous measurements over a temperature range of 5300-7200 K. To interpret the multistage behavior, a three-level collisional-radiative model for atomic oxygen excitation kinetics was developed. The model utilized two independent temperatures, that is, heavy particle translational temperature Ttr and electron translational temperature Te, to describe the fundamental rate constants of atomic oxygen excitation because of collisions with heavy particles and electrons, respectively. The heavy particle excitation rate was inferred from the early stage of the measurement to be k(3P →5S0) = 3.4 × 10-27 (T/K)0.5(1.061 × 105 + 2 (T/K)) exp(-1.061 × 105 K/T) ± 50% m3 s-1. The electron impact excitation rate constant of oxygen, electron impact, and heavy particle impact ionization rate constants of Argon were modified in the model to match the experimental population time histories. The modified rate parameters are also reported for the temperature range explored in the current study.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00466

    View details for PubMedID 32306734

  • A new strategy of characterizing hydrocarbon fuels using FTIR spectra and generalized linear model with grouped-Lasso regularization Fuel Wang, Y., Wei, W., Zhang, Y., Hanson, R. K. 2020: 119419
  • Determination of the JP10 + OH → Product Reaction Rate with Measured Fuel Concentrations in Shock Tube Experiments. The journal of physical chemistry. A Zaczek, L. T., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020

    Abstract

    The overall reaction rate for JP10 + OH → products was measured directly via laser absorption of OH in shock tube experiments from 931 to 1308 K and 0.94 to 1.44 atm. The JP10 concentration of test gas mixtures was measured in the shock tube for several experiments using a 3.39 μm laser fuel diagnostic. The measured JP10 concentrations indicated fuel losses due to adsorption of 11-31% compared to values calculated manometrically from mixture preparation. OH was generated via rapid thermal decomposition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide behind reflected shock waves, and post-shock OH profiles were measured via laser absorption at 308.6 nm. The measured OH profiles were fit with a chemical kinetic model for JP10 chemistry to determine the overall JP10 + OH reaction rate. A recommendation is made for the JP10 + OH overall reaction rate over the temperature range explored in this study as k1 (931-1308 K) = 1.622 × 1014 exp(-1826/T [K]) ± 12%. To the authors' knowledge, these data are the first direct measurements of the overall reaction rate for JP10 + OH.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00065

    View details for PubMedID 32178517

  • The Thermal Decomposition of Ethane Fuel Cassady, S. J., Choudhary, R., Pinkowski, N. H., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2020
  • Dual-comb Spectroscopy for High-temperature Reaction Kinetics Measurement Science and Technology Pinkowski, N. H., Ding, Y., Strand, C. L., Horvath, R., Geiser, M. 2020

    View details for DOI 10.1088/1361-6501/ab6ecc

  • Analysis of laser absorption gas sensors employing scanned-wavelength modulation spectroscopy with 1f-phase detection APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Peng, W., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2020; 126 (1)
  • R-branch line intensities and temperature-dependent line broadening and shift coefficients of the nitric oxide fundamental rovibrational band JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Almodovar, C. A., Su, W., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 239
  • Tunable laser-based detection of benzene using spectrally narrow absorption features APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Sur, R., Ding, Y., Jackson, R. B., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 125 (11)
  • Shock Tube Measurement of the CH3 + C2H6 CH4 + C2H5 Rate Constant. The journal of physical chemistry. A Shao, J., Wei, W., Choudhary, R., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    Abstract

    The rate constant for the CH3 + C2H6 CH4 + C2H5 reaction was studied behind reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1369 and 1626 K and pressures from 8.6 to 47.4 atm in mixtures of methane, ethane, and argon. Ethylene time histories were measured using laser absorption of radiation from a carbon dioxide gas laser near 10.532 mum. The resulting rate constant data can be represented by the Arrhenius equation k (T) = 3.90 * 1013 exp(-16670 cal/mol/RT) cm3 mol-1 s-1. We believe this is the first study to extend experimental data for this rate constant to temperatures above 1400 K. The overall 2sigma uncertainty of the current data is +18%/-21% resulting primarily from uncertainties associated with the influence of secondary reactions and the fitting of rapidly changing species time histories at the higher temperatures.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07691

    View details for PubMedID 31557027

  • Experimental Observation of Negative Temperature Dependence in iso-Octane Burning Velocities Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Davidson, D. E., Hanson, R. K. AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS. 2019: 4476–81

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J058530

    View details for Web of Science ID 000493056400033

  • Gravity-current-induced test gas stratification and its prevention in constrained reaction volume shock-tube experiments SHOCK WAVES Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 29 (7): 969–84
  • High-temperature laminar flame speed measurements in a shock tube COMBUSTION AND FLAME Ferris, A. M., Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 205: 241–52
  • High-pressure, high-temperature optical cell for mid-infrared spectroscopy JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Almodovar, C. A., Su, W., Strand, C. L., Sur, R., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 231: 69–78
  • Multi-wavelength speciation of high-temperature 1-butene pyrolysis FUEL Pinkowski, N. H., Cassady, S. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 244: 269–81
  • A shock tube study of n-heptane, iso-octane, n-dodecane and iso-octane/n-dodecane blends oxidation at elevated pressures and intermediate temperatures FUEL Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Peng, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 243: 541–53
  • Measurement of the reaction rate of H + O-2 + M -> HO2 + M, for M=Ar, N-2, CO2, at high temperature with a sensitive OH absorption diagnostic COMBUSTION AND FLAME Choudhary, R., Girard, J. J., Peng, Y., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 203: 265–78
  • A new method of estimating derived cetane number for hydrocarbon fuels FUEL Wang, Y., Cao, Y., Wei, W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 241: 319–26
  • A two-wavelength ethylene-absorption temperature diagnostic MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Cassady, S. J., Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 30 (3)
  • A multi-wavelength speciation framework for high-temperature hydrocarbon pyrolysis JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Pinkowski, N. H., Ding, Y., Johnson, S. E., Wang, Y., Parise, T. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 225: 180–205
  • High-temperature mid-infrared absorption spectra of methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH) between 930 and 1170 cm(-1) JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Ding, Y., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 224: 396–402
  • Quantitative 2-D OH thermometry using spectrally resolved planar laser-induced fluorescence OPTICS LETTERS Wang, S., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 44 (3): 578–81

    Abstract

    A novel method is presented for quantitative two-dimensional temperature measurement in combustion gases. This method, namely spectrally resolved planar laser-induced fluorescence thermometry, utilizes a high-power, wavelength-tunable and narrow-linewidth CW laser to access the spectral lineshapes of a key combustion intermediate, the hydroxyl radical (OH), and enables high-fidelity and calibration-free quantification of non-uniform temperature fields in complex reacting flows. Specifically, the R1(11)/R1(7) line pair of the OH A2Σ+-X2Π(0,0) rovibronic band was probed with laser radiation near 306.5 nm, and their fluorescence ratios were used to infer temperature. Preliminary demonstrations of this thermometry method were performed in a series of burner-stabilized CH4-air flames.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.44.000578

    View details for Web of Science ID 000457292400029

    View details for PubMedID 30702683

  • Shock Tube Measurement of the C2H4 + H double left right arrow C2H3 + H-2 Rate Constant JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Peng, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 123 (1): 15–20

    Abstract

    The rate constant for the reaction C2H4+H⇒C2H3+H2 was studied behind reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1619 and 1948 K and pressures near 10 atm in a mixture of C2H4, CH4, H2, and argon. C2H4 time-histories were measured using laser absorption of a CO2 gas laser near 10.53 microns. Experimental mixtures were designed to optimize sensitivity to the title reaction with only weak sensitivity to secondary reactions. Two mechanisms, FFCM1 and ARAMCO v2, are used for data analysis. The well-selected operating conditions and Monte-Carlo Sampling data analysis procedure resulted in mechanism independent reaction rate constant measurements with 2σ uncertainty of +/-35 %. The current data disagree with a broadly used theoretical calculation (Knyazev et al. (1996)), but they are in good consensus with one of the review studies (Baulch et al. (2005)), k=3.9×1022T3.62exp(-5670/T) cm3molecule-1s-1. To the best of our knowledge, this work provides the first high temperature study of C2H4+H⇒C2H3+H2 reaction rate constant with well-defined uncertainty.

    View details for PubMedID 30537818

  • Shock tube study of the rate constants for H +O-2 + M -> HO2 +M (M = Ar, H2O, CO2, N-2) at elevated pressures PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Susa, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (1): 145–52
  • On estimating physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon fuels using mid-infrared FTIR spectra and regularized linear models Fuel Wang, Y., Ding, Y., Wei, W., Cao, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 255: 115715
  • Sensitive and Interference-Immune Formaldehyde Diagnostic for High-Temperature Reacting Gases Using Two-Color Laser Absorption Near 5.6 Microns Combustion and Flame Ding, Y., Wang, S., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • High-Temperature Laminar Burning Velocity Experiments in a Shock Tube: LBV, Temperature and Species Measurements European Workshop on Flame Speed Measurements Ferris, A. M., Susa, A. J., Girard, J. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Experimental Measurement of Laminar Burning Velocity of n-Heptane at Variable Extents of Reaction in a Shock Tube Proc. of the 32nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32) Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Measurement of the mid-infrared absorption spectra of ethylene (C2H4) and other molecules at high temperatures and pressures JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Strand, C. L., Ding, Y., Johnson, S. E., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 222: 122–29
  • Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Measurements of the Pyrolysis of JP-10 Fuel AIAA SciTech Forum Johnson, S. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-0575

  • Multi-wavelength speciation of high-temperature alternative and conventional jet fuel pyrolysis AIAA SciTech Forum Pinkowski, N. H., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-1769

  • Experimental Shock Tube Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocity of n-Heptane and iso-Octane in the Negative Temperature Coefficient Regime AIAA SciTech Forum Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-0460

  • Shock tube techniques for kinetic target data to improve reaction models Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45 Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. Elsevier. 2019
  • Dual-comb Spectroscopy in Shock tubes: Mid-infrared Microsecond-resolved Spectrometer 11th Int. Conf. on Chemical Kinetics Hugi, A., Geiser, M., Horvath, R., Strand, C. L., Pinkowski, N. H., Ding, Y., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Spectroscopic Applications of Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Combs International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy Horvath, R., Mangold, M., Strand, C. L., Pinkowski, N. H., Ding, Y., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • n-Heptane Ignition: High-Speed Imaging in a High-Pressure Shock Tube Proceedings of the 27th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocity in a Shock Tube Proceedings of the 27th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Susa, A. J., Ferris, A. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Multi-species time history measurements during ethanol pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves 11th U. S. National Combustion Meeting Choudhary, R., Peng, Y., Shao, J., Davidson, D. F. 2019
  • Time-resolved Speciation of iso-Octane First-stage Ignition Products at Elevated Effective Pressures 11th U. S. National Combustion Meeting Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Temperature, Species, and Laminar flame Speed Measurements in High-temperature, Premixed Ethane-Air Flames 11th U. S. National Combustion Meeting Ferris, A. M., Girard, J. J., Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Information-driven Experiment Design for Shock Tube Kinetic Studies 11th U. S. National Combustion Meeting Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Dual-comb Spectroscopy in Shock Tubes: Mid-Infrared Microsecond-resolved Spectrometer Proc. of the 32nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32) Geiser, M., Horvath, R., Strand, C. L., Pinkowski, N. H., Ding, Y., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • Dual-comb Measurements behind Reflected Shock Waves Proc. of the 32nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32) Pinkowski, N. H., Strand, C. L., Ding, Y., Hanson, R. K., Horvath, R., Geiser, M. 2019
  • TDLAS Measurements of the Underexpanded Exhaust Plume from a Solid Propellant Gas Generator AIAA SciTech Forum Almodovar, C. A., Salazar, D. V., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K., Wright, R. G., Brophy, C. M. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-0028

  • Measurements of Oxygen Vibrational Relaxation and Dissociation using Ultraviolet Laser Absorption in Shock Tube Experiments AIAA SciTech Forum Streicher, J. W., Krish, A., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-0795

  • High-speed Imaging of Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Ignition in a High-pressure Shock Tube AIAA SciTech Forum Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Susa, A. J., Peng, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-1771

  • Spectrally-resolved Absorption and Laser-induced Fluorescence of High-temperature Gases AIAA SciTech Forum Wang, S., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-1612

  • Direct Measurement of the JP-10+OH=Products Reaction Rate in Shock Tube Experiments AIAA SciTech Forum Zaczek, L. T., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-2367

  • A Single-ended, Mid-IR Sensor for Time—resolved Temperature and Species Measurements in a Hydrogen/Ethylene-fueled Rotating Detonation Engine AIAA SciTech Forum Cassady, S. J., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C. L., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Dausen, D. F., Brophy, C. M. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-0027

  • Ignition Delay Time Measurements for Distillate and synthetic Jet Fuels AIAA SciTech Forum Wang, Y., Cao, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2019-2248

  • Demonstration of non-absorbing interference rejection using wavelength modulation spectroscopy in high-pressure shock tubes APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Wei, W., Peng, W., Wang, Y., Choudhary, R., Wang, S., Shao, J., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 125 (1)
  • Single-ended mid-infrared laser-absorption sensor for time-resolved measurements of water concentration and temperature within the annulus of a rotating detonation engine PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Peng, W., Cassady, S. J., Strand, C. L., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R., Brophy, C. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (2): 1435–43
  • Ignition delay times of methane and hydrogen highly diluted in carbon dioxide at high pressures up to 300 atm PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Shao, J., Choudhary, R., Davidson, D. E., Hanson, R. K., Barak, S., Vasu, S. 2019; 37 (4): 4555–62
  • Ignition delay time measurements and modeling for gasoline at very high pressures PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Davidson, D. F., Shao, J. K., Choudhary, R., Mehl, M., Obrecht, N., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (4): 4885–92
  • Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy for shocktubes: Design and optimization PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Chao, X., Shen, G., Sun, K., Wang, Z., Meng, Q., Wang, S., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (2): 1345–53
  • A streamlined approach to hybrid-chemistry modeling for a low cetane-number alternative jet fuel Combustion and Flame Pinkowski, N. H., Wang, Y., Cassady, S. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 208: 15-26
  • Single-Ended Sensor for Thermometry and Speciation in Shock Tubes Using Native Surfaces IEEE Sensors Journal Peng, W. Y., Wang, Y., Cassady, S. J., Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2019
  • A comparative laser absorption and gas chromatography study of low-temperature n-heptane oxidation intermediates PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Ferris, A. M., Susa, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (1): 249–57
  • Shock tube measurements of OH concentration time-histories in benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene oxidation PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2019; 37 (1): 163–70
  • Temperature-dependent line parameter study of acetylene transitions near 3 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Cassady, S. J., Peng, W., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 221: 172–82
  • Collisional-induced broadening and shift parameters of OH with Ar and N-2 near 308.6 nm, measured at T=1300-2000 K and P=20-100 atm JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Girard, J. J., Choudhary, R., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 221: 194–201
  • Shock tube study of normal heptane first-stage ignition near 3.5 atm COMBUSTION AND FLAME Campbell, M. F., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 198: 376–92
  • A physics based approach to modeling real-fuel combustion chemistry - IV. HyChem modeling of combustion kinetics of a bio-derived jet fuel and its blends with a conventional Jet A COMBUSTION AND FLAME Wang, K., Xu, R., Parise, T., Shao, J., Movaghar, A., Lee, D., Park, J., Gao, Y., Lu, T., Egolfopoulos, F. N., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Wang, H. 2018; 198: 477–89
  • A Physics-based approach to modeling real-fuel combustion chemistry - III. Reaction kinetic model of JP10 COMBUSTION AND FLAME Tao, Y., Xu, R., Wang, K., Shao, J., Johnson, S. E., Movaghar, A., Han, X., Park, J., Lu, T., Brezinsky, K., Egolfopoulos, F. N., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Wang, H. 2018; 198: 466–76
  • A combined laser absorption and gas chromatography sampling diagnostic for speciation in a shock tube COMBUSTION AND FLAME Ferris, A. M., Davidson, D. E., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 195: 40–49
  • High-speed imaging of inhomogeneous ignition in a shock tube Tulgestke, A. M., Johnson, S. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. SPRINGER. 2018: 1089–95
  • A shock tube study of jet fuel pyrolysis and ignition at elevated pressures and temperatures FUEL Shao, J., Zhu, Y., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 226: 338–44
  • A shock tube study of ignition delay times in diluted methane, ethylene, propene and their blends at elevated pressures FUEL Shao, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 225: 370–80
  • Ultra-sensitive spectroscopy of OH radical in high-temperature transient reactions OPTICS LETTERS Wang, S., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 43 (15): 3518–21

    Abstract

    The hydroxyl (OH) radical is arguably the most important transient radical in high-temperature gas-phase combustion reactions, yet it is very difficult to measure because of its high reactivity and, thus, short lifetime and low concentration. This work reports the development of a novel method for ultra-sensitive, quantitative, and microsecond-resolved detection of OH based on UV frequency-modulation spectroscopy (FMS). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first FMS demonstration in the near-UV spectral region for detection of short-lived radical species. Shot-noise-limited detection was achieved at an optical power of 25 mW. A proof-of-concept experiment in a tabletop H2O/He microwave discharge cell has reached a 1σ minimum detectable absorbance (MDA) of less than 2×10-4 over 1 MHz measurement bandwidth. High-temperature OH measurement was demonstrated in a 15 cm diameter shock tube, where a typical MDA of 3.0×10-4 was achieved at 1330 K, 0.38 atm, and 1 MHz. These preliminary results have outperformed the previous best MDA by more than a factor of 3; further improvement by another order of magnitude is anticipated, following the strategies outlined at the end of this Letter. The current method paves the path to parts per billion (ppb) -level OH detection capability and offers prospects to significantly advance fundamental combustion research by enabling direct observation of OH formation and scavenging kinetics during key stages of fuel oxidation that were inaccessible with previous methods.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.43.003518

    View details for Web of Science ID 000440405900016

    View details for PubMedID 30067624

  • A physics-based approach to modeling real-fuel combustion chemistry - II. Reaction kinetic models of jet and rocket fuels COMBUSTION AND FLAME Xu, R., Wang, K., Banerjee, S., Shao, J., Parise, T., Zhu, Y., Wang, S., Movaghar, A., Lee, D., Zhao, R., Han, X., Gao, Y., Lu, T., Brezinsky, K., Egolfopoulos, F. N., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Wang, H. 2018; 193: 520–37
  • A physics-based approach to modeling real-fuel combustion chemistry - I. Evidence from experiments, and thermodynamic, chemical kinetic and statistical considerations COMBUSTION AND FLAME Wang, H., Xu, R., Wang, K., Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Davidson, D. F., Brezinsky, K., Egolfopoulos, F. N. 2018; 193: 502–19
  • Development of a two-wavelength IR laser absorption diagnostic for propene and ethylene MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Parise, T. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 29 (5)
  • High-sensitivity 308.6-nm laser absorption diagnostic optimized for OH measurement in shock tube combustion studies APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Wang, S., Hanson, R. K. 2018; 124 (3)
  • Design and implementation of a laser-based absorption spectroscopy sensor for in situ monitoring of biomass gasification MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Salazar, D., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Seiser, R., Cattolica, R. J., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 28 (12)
  • A new diagnostic for hydrocarbon fuels using 3.41-mu m diode laser absorption COMBUSTION AND FLAME Wang, S., Parise, T., Johnson, S. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 186: 129–39
  • Two-color laser absorption near 5 mu m for temperature and nitric oxide sensing in high-temperature gases JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Almodovar, C. A., Spearrin, R., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 203: 572–81
  • Shock Tube and Laser Absorption Study of CH2O Oxidation via Simultaneous Measurements of OH and CO. The journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 121 (45): 8561-8568

    Abstract

    The oxidation of Ar-diluted stoichiometric CH2O-O2 mixtures was studied behind reflected shock waves over temperatures of 1332-1685 K, at pressures of about 1.5 atm and initial CH2O mole fractions of 500, 1500, and 5000 ppm. Quantitative and time-resolved concentration histories of OH and CO (at both v″ = 0 and v″ = 1) were measured by narrow-linewidth laser absorption at 306.7 and 4854 nm, respectively. A time delay was observed between the formation of v″ = 0 and v″ = 1 states of CO, suggesting that CO was kinetically generated primarily in the ground state and then collisionally relaxed toward vibrational equilibrium. The measured CO and OH time-histories were used to evaluate the performance of four detailed reaction mechanisms regarding the oxidation chemistry of CH2O. Further analyses of these time-history data have also led to improved determination for the rate constants of two key reactions, namely H + O2 = O + OH (R1) and OH + CO = CO2 + H (R2), as follows: k1 = 8.04 × 1013 exp(-7370 K/T) cm3 mol-1 s-1, k2 = 1.90 × 1012 exp(-2760 K/T) cm3 mol-1 s-1; both expressions are valid over 1428-1685 K and have 1σ uncertainties of approximately ±10%.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09362

    View details for PubMedID 29065683

  • Characterization of a Large-Scale Arcjet Facility Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Nations, M., Chang, L. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., MacDonald, M. E., Nawaz, A., Taunk, J. S., Goekcen, T., Raiche, G. AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS. 2017: 3757–66

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J056011

    View details for Web of Science ID 000413944800012

  • Chemical kinetic modeling and shock tube study of methyl propanoate decomposition COMBUSTION AND FLAME Ning, H., Wu, J., Ma, L., Ren, W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 184: 30–40
  • Toward a better understanding of 2-butanone oxidation: Detailed species measurements and kinetic modeling COMBUSTION AND FLAME Hemken, C., Burke, U., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Heufer, K., Kohse-Hoeinghaus, K. 2017; 184: 195–207
  • Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass NATURE COMMUNICATIONS Zillikens, M., Demissie, S., Hsu, Y., Yerges-Armstrong, L. M., Chou, W., Stolk, L., Livshits, G., Broer, L., Johnson, T., Koller, D. L., Kutalik, Z., Luan, J., Malkin, I., Ried, J. S., Smith, A. V., Thorleifsson, G., Vandenput, L., Zhao, J., Zhang, W., Aghdassi, A., Akesson, K., Amin, N., Baier, L. J., Barroso, I., Bennett, D. A., Bertram, L., Biffar, R., Bochud, M., Boehnke, M., Borecki, I. B., Buchman, A. S., Byberg, L., Campbell, H., Obanda, N., Cauley, J. A., Cawthon, P. M., Cederberg, H., Chen, Z., Cho, N. H., Choi, H., Claussnitzer, M., Collins, F., Cummings, S. R., De Jager, P. L., Demuth, I., Dhonukshe-Rutten, R. M., Diatchenko, L., Eiriksdottir, G., Enneman, A. W., Erdos, M., Eriksson, J. G., Eriksson, J., Estrada, K., Evans, D. S., Feitosa, M. F., Fu, M., Garcia, M., Gieger, C., Girke, T., Glazer, N. L., Grallert, H., Grewal, J., Han, B., Hanson, R. L., Hayward, C., Hofman, A., Hoffman, E. P., Homuth, G., Hsueh, W., Hubal, M. J., Hubbard, A., Huffman, K. M., Husted, L. B., Illig, T., Ingelsson, E., Ittermann, T., Jansson, J., Jordan, J. M., Jula, A., Karlsson, M., Khaw, K., Kilpainen, T. O., Klopp, N., Kloth, J. L., Koistinen, H. A., Kraus, W. E., Kritchevsky, S., Kuulasmaa, T., Kuusisto, J., Laakso, M., Lahti, J., Lang, T., Langdahl, B. L., Launer, L. J., Lee, J., Lerch, M. M., Lewis, J. R., Lind, L., Lindgren, C., Liu, Y., Liu, T., Liu, Y., Ljunggren, O., Lorentzon, M., Luben, R. N., Maixner, W., McGuigan, F. E., Medina-Gomez, C., Meitinger, T., Melhus, H., Mellstrom, D., Melov, S., Michaelsson, K., Mitchell, B. D., Morris, A. P., Mosekilde, L., Newman, A., Nielson, C. M., O'Connell, J. R., Oostra, B. A., Orwoll, E. S., Palotie, A., Parker, S., Peacock, M., Perola, M., Peters, A., Polasek, O., Prince, R. L., Raikkonen, K., Ralston, S. H., Ripatti, S., Robbins, J. A., Rotter, J. I., Rudan, I., Salomaa, V., Satterfield, S., Schadt, E. E., Schipf, S., Scott, L., Sehmi, J., Shen, J., Shin, C., Sigurdsson, G., Smith, S., Soranzo, N., Stancakova, A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Streeten, E. A., Styrkarsdottir, U., Swart, K. A., Tan, S., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Thompson, P., Thomson, C. A., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Tikkanen, E., Tranah, G. J., Tuomilehto, J., van Schoor, N. M., Verma, A., Vollenweider, P., Voelzke, H., Wactawski-Wende, J., Walker, M., Weedon, M. N., Welch, R., Wichman, H., Widen, E., Williams, F. K., Wilson, J. F., Wright, N. C., Xie, W., Yu, L., Zhou, Y., Chambers, J. C., Doring, A., van Duijn, C. M., Econs, M. J., Gudnason, V., Kooner, J. S., Psaty, B. M., Spector, T. D., Stefansson, K., Rivadeneira, F., Uitterlinden, A. G., Wareham, N. J., Ossowski, V., Waterworth, D., Loos, R. F., Karasik, D., Harris, T. B., Ohlsson, C., Kiel, D. P. 2017; 8: 80

    Abstract

    Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p < 5 × 10-8) or suggestively genome wide (p < 2.3 × 10-6). Replication in 63,475 (47,227 of European ancestry) individuals from 33 cohorts for whole body lean body mass and in 45,090 (42,360 of European ancestry) subjects from 25 cohorts for appendicular lean body mass was successful for five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/near HSD17B11, VCAN, ADAMTSL3, IRS1, and FTO for total lean body mass and for three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/near VCAN, ADAMTSL3, and IRS1 for appendicular lean body mass. Our findings provide new insight into the genetics of lean body mass.Lean body mass is a highly heritable trait and is associated with various health conditions. Here, Kiel and colleagues perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for whole body lean body mass and find five novel genetic loci to be significantly associated.

    View details for PubMedID 28724990

  • Dependence of Calculated Postshock Thermodynamic Variables on Vibrational Equilibrium and Input Uncertainty JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER Campbell, M. F., Owen, K. G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 31 (3): 586–608

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.T4952

    View details for Web of Science ID 000405487900009

  • Infrared laser-absorption sensing for combustion gases PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 60: 132-176
  • Compact optical probe for flame temperature and carbon dioxide using interband cascade laser absorption near 4.2 mu m COMBUSTION AND FLAME Girard, J. J., Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 178: 158-167
  • Time-resolved sub-ppm CH3 detection in a shock tube using cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy with a ps-pulsed UV laser PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 36 (3): 4549-4556
  • Combined Ab Initio, Kinetic Modeling, and Shock Tube Study of the Thermal Decomposition of Ethyl Formate. The journal of physical chemistry. A Ning, H. n., Wu, J. n., Ma, L. n., Ren, W. n., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 121 (35): 6568–79

    Abstract

    The potential energy surfaces (PESs) and reaction rate constants of the unimolecular decomposition of ethyl formate (EF) were investigated using high-precision theoretical methods at the CCSD(T)/CBS(T-Q)//M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The calculated PESs of EF dissociation and molecular decomposition reactions indicate that the intramolecular H-shift to produce formic acid and ethylene is the dominant decomposition pathway. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism for EF pyrolysis was constructed by incorporating the important reactions of EF and its radicals into an existing mechanism previously developed for small methyl esters. The updated mechanism was first used to reproduce CO, CO2, and H2O concentration time histories during EF pyrolysis in the shock tube reported by Ren et al. [ Ren , W. , Mitchell Spearrin , R. , Davidson , D. F. , and Hanson , R. K. J. Phys. Chem. A 2014 , 118 , 1785 - 1798 ]. The rate of production and sensitivity analyses show that the competing dehydration and decarboxylation channels of the intermediate formic acid control the final product yields of EF pyrolysis. The EF mechanism was further validated against the shock tube data of OH, CO, CO2, and H2O time histories measured during EF oxidation (equivalence ratio Φ = 1.0) at 1331-1615 K and 1.52-1.74 atm. This revised EF mechanism captured all of the species' time histories over the entire temperature range. Such modeling capability was due to the more accurate rate constants of EF reactions determined by high-precision theoretical calculations and a high-fidelity C0-C2 basis mechanism.

    View details for PubMedID 28792750

  • Shock tube/laser absorption measurements of the pyrolysis of a bimodal test fuel PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Parise, T., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 36 (1): 281-288
  • Pyrolysis and oxidation of methyl acetate in a shock tube: A multi-species time-history study PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Ren, W., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Yang, X. 2017; 36 (1): 255-264
  • Rate constants of long, branched, and unsaturated aldehydes with OH at elevated temperatures PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 36 (1): 151-160
  • Ignition delay time correlations for distillate fuels FUEL Davidson, D. F., Zhu, Y., Shao, J., Hanson, R. K. 2017; 187: 26-32
  • Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy of NO2 at elevated temperatures JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Sur, R., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Bekal, A., Haider, P., Poonacha, S. P., Vartak, S., Sridharan, A. K. 2017; 187: 364-374
  • Single-ended mid-infrared laser-absorption sensor for simultaneous in situ measurements of H2O, CO2, CO, and temperature in combustion flows APPLIED OPTICS Peng, W. Y., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 55 (33): 9347-9359
  • Kinetics of Excited Oxygen Formation in Shock-Heated O-2-Ar Mixtures JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Nations, M., Wang, S., Goldenstein, C. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 120 (42): 8234-8243
  • Oxygen Vibrational Relaxation Times: Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Measurements JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER Owen, K. G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 30 (4): 791-798

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.T4505

    View details for Web of Science ID 000387338000001

  • Shock Tube Measurement for the Dissociation Rate Constant of Acetaldehyde Using Sensitive CO Diagnostics. journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 120 (35): 6895-6901

    Abstract

    The rate constant of acetaldehyde thermal dissociation, CH3CHO = CH3 + HCO, was measured behind reflected shock waves at temperatures of 1273-1618 K and pressures near 1.6 and 0.34 atm. The current measurement utilized sensitive CO diagnostics to track the dissociation of CH3CHO via oxygen atom balance and inferred the title rate constant (k1) from CO time histories obtained in pyrolysis experiments of 1000 and 50 ppm of CH3CHO/Ar mixtures. By using dilute test mixtures, the current study successfully suppressed the interferences from secondary reactions and directly determined the title rate constant as k1(1.6 atm) = 1.1 × 10(14) exp(-36 700 K/T) s(-1) over 1273-1618 K and k1(0.34 atm) = 5.5 × 10(12) exp(-32 900 K/T) s(-1) over 1377-1571 K, with 2σ uncertainties of approximately ±30% for both expressions. Example simulations of existing reaction mechanisms updated with the current values of k1 demonstrated substantial improvements with regards to the acetaldehyde pyrolysis chemistry.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03647

    View details for PubMedID 27523494

  • Improved Shock Tube Measurement of the CH4 + Ar = CH3 + H + Ar Rate Constant using UV Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy of CH3. journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 120 (28): 5427-5434

    Abstract

    We report an improved measurement for the rate constant of methane dissociation in argon (CH4 + Ar = CH3 + H + Ar) behind reflected shock waves. The experiment was conducted using a sub-parts per million sensitivity CH3 diagnostic recently developed in our laboratory based on ultraviolet cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy. The high sensitivity of this diagnostic allowed for measurements of quantitatively resolved CH3 time histories during the initial stage of CH4 pyrolysis, where the reaction system is clean and free from influences of secondary reactions and temperature change. This high sensitivity also allowed extension of our measurement range to much lower temperatures (<1500 K). The current-reflected shock measurements were performed at temperatures between 1487 and 1866 K and pressures near 1.7 atm, resulting in the following Arrhenius rate constant expression for the title reaction: k(1.7 atm) = 3.7 × 10(16) exp(-42 200 K/T) cm(3)/mol·s, with a 2σ uncertainty factor of 1.25. The current data are in good consensus with various theoretical and review studies, but at the low temperature end they suggest a slightly higher (up to 35%) rate constant compared to these previous results. A re-evaluation of previous and current experimental data in the falloff region was also performed, yielding updated expressions for both the low-pressure limit and the high-pressure limit rate constants and improved agreement with all existing data.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02572

    View details for PubMedID 27380878

  • AEROFROSH: a shock condition calculator for multi-component fuel aerosol-laden flows SHOCK WAVES Campbell, M. F., Haylett, D. R., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 26 (4): 429-447
  • High-sensitivity in situ QCLAS-based ammonia concentration sensor for high-temperature applications APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Peng, W. Y., Sur, R., Strand, C. L., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 122 (7)
  • Line intensities and temperature-dependent line broadening coefficients of Q-branch transitions in the v(2) band of ammonia near 10.4 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Sur, R., Spearrin, R. M., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C. L., Jeffries, J. B., Enns, G. M., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 175: 90-99
  • Line intensities and temperature-dependent line broadening coefficients of Q-branch transitions in the v2 band of ammonia near 10.4 μm. Journal of quantitative spectroscopy & radiative transfer Sur, R., Spearrin, R. M., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C. L., Jeffries, J. B., Enns, G. M., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 175: 90-99

    Abstract

    We report measured line intensities and temperature-dependent broadening coefficients of NH3 with Ar, N2, O2, CO2, H2O, and NH3 for nine sQ(J,K) transitions in the ν2 fundamental band in the frequency range 961.5-967.5 cm-1. This spectral region was chosen due to the strong NH3 absorption strength and lack of spectral interference from H2O and CO2 for laser-based sensing applications. Spectroscopic parameters were determined by multi-line fitting using Voigt lineshapes of absorption spectra measured with two quantum cascade lasers in thermodynamically-controlled optical cells. The temperature dependence of broadening was measured over a range of temperatures between 300 and 600 K. These measurements aid the development of mid-infrared NH3 sensors for a broad range of gas mixtures and at elevated temperatures.

    View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.02.002

    View details for PubMedID 29225373

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5722251

  • Measurements of Oxygen Dissociation Using Laser Absorption JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER Owen, K. G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 30 (2): 274-278

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.T4506

    View details for Web of Science ID 000374863100003

  • High-speed OH* chemiluminescence imaging of ignition through a shock tube end-wall APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Troutman, V. A., Strand, C. L., Campbell, M. F., Tulgestke, A. M., Miller, V. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 122 (3)
  • Fiber-coupled diode-laser sensors for calibration-free stand-off measurements of gas temperature, pressure, and composition APPLIED OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 55 (3): 479-484

    Abstract

    A fiber-coupled near-infrared diode-laser sensor for stand-off measurements of gas temperature, pressure, and composition is presented. This sensor utilizes a fiber bundle with six multimode catch fibers surrounding one single-mode pitch fiber to transmit and receive backscattered laser light in a handheld transmitter/receiver. Scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy with 1f-normalized 2f-detection and fast (80-200 kHz) wavelength modulation were used to provide calibration-free measurements and reduce the influence of spurious cavity noise formed by the overlapping transmitted and reflected laser light. Demonstrations include two-color measurements of temperature, pressure, and H(2)O near 1.4 μm in a propane flame at 2 kHz (SNR=200) and measurements of CH(4) near 1.65 μm (SNR=20 to 1500) at stand-off distances of 15 cm and 10 m, respectively. The fraction of photons collected ranged from 10(4) to 1 parts per million at stand-off distances from 10 cm to 10 m, respectively, and is similar for aluminum and paper reflectors.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.55.000479

    View details for Web of Science ID 000369055100033

    View details for PubMedID 26835920

  • Scaling relation for high-temperature biodiesel surrogate ignition delay times FUEL Campbell, M. F., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 164: 151-159
  • Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy with a ps-pulsed UV laser for sensitive, high-speed measurements in a shock tube OPTICS EXPRESS Wang, S., Sun, K., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2016; 24 (1): 308-318
  • Strategies for obtaining long constant-pressure test times in shock tubes SHOCK WAVES Campbell, M. F., Parise, T., Tulgestke, A. M., Spearrin, R. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 25 (6): 651-665
  • Shock-tube measurements of excited oxygen atoms using cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy APPLIED OPTICS Nations, M., Wang, S., Goldenstein, C. S., Sun, K., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 54 (29): 8766-8775

    Abstract

    We report the use of cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) using two distributed feedback diode lasers near 777.2 and 844.6 nm for sensitive, time-resolved, in situ measurements of excited-state populations of atomic oxygen in a shock tube. Here, a 1% O2/Ar mixture was shock-heated to 5400-8000 K behind reflected shock waves. The combined use of a low-finesse cavity, fast wavelength scanning of the lasers, and an off-axis alignment enabled measurements with 10 μs time response and low cavity noise. The CEAS absorption gain factors of 104 and 142 for the P35←S520 (777.2 nm) and P0,1,23←S310 (844.6 nm) atomic oxygen transitions, respectively, significantly improved the detection sensitivity over conventional single-pass measurements. This work demonstrates the potential of using CEAS to improve shock-tube studies of nonequilibrium electronic-excitation processes at high temperatures.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.54.008766

    View details for Web of Science ID 000362667200028

    View details for PubMedID 26479817

  • Quantification of Supersonic Impulse Flow Conditions via High-Bandwidth Wavelength Modulation Absorption Spectroscopy AIAA JOURNAL Strand, C. L., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 53 (10): 2978-2987

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J053842

    View details for Web of Science ID 000361468800014

  • The hidden complexities of the simple match PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Miller, V. A., Tilghman, M., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 27 (9)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4930906

    View details for Web of Science ID 000362570800004

  • Shock Tube Measurement of the High-Temperature Rate Constant for OH + CH3 -> Products JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Wang, S., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 119 (33): 8799-8805
  • Shock Tube Measurement of the High-Temperature Rate Constant for OH + CH3 → Products. The journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 119 (33): 8799-805

    Abstract

    The reaction between hydroxyl (OH) and methyl radicals (CH3) is critical to hydrocarbon oxidation. Motivated by the sparseness of its high-temperature rate constant data and the large uncertainties in the existing literature values, the current study has remeasured the overall rate constant of the OH + CH3 reaction and extended the measurement temperature range to 1214-1933 K, using simultaneous laser absorption diagnostics for OH and CH3 radicals behind incident and reflected shock waves. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide and azomethane were used as pyrolytic sources for the OH and CH3 radicals, respectively. The current study bridged the temperature ranges of existing experimental data, and good agreement is seen between the current measurement and some previous experimental and theoretical high-temperature studies. A recommendation for the rate constant expression of the title reaction, based on the weighted average of the high-temperature data from selected studies, is given by k1 = 4.19 × 10(1)(T/K)(3.15) exp(5270 K/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1) ±30%, which is valid over 1000-2500 K.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05725

    View details for PubMedID 26230910

  • Temperature and number density measurement in non-uniform supersonic flowfields undergoing mixing using toluene PLIF thermometry APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Gamba, M., Miller, V. A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 120 (2): 285-304
  • Infrared planar laser-induced fluorescence with a CW quantum-cascade laser for spatially resolved CO2 and gas properties APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Miller, V. A., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 120 (2): 185-199
  • Shock-Tube Measurement of Acetone Dissociation Using Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy of CO. journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Sun, K., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 119 (28): 7257-7262

    Abstract

    A direct measurement for the rate constant of the acetone dissociation reaction (CH3COCH3 = CH3CO + CH3) was conducted behind reflected shock wave, utilizing a sub-ppm sensitivity CO diagnostic achieved by cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS). The current experiment eliminated the influence from secondary reactions and temperature change by investigating the clean pyrolysis of <20 ppm acetone in argon. For the first time, the acetone dissociation rate constant (k1) was directly measured over 5.5 orders of magnitude with a high degree of accuracy: k1 (1004-1494 K, 1.6 atm) = 4.39 × 10(55) T(-11.394) exp(-52 140K/T) ± 24% s(-1). This result was seen to agree with most previous studies and has bridged the gap between their temperature and pressure conditions. The current work also served as an example demonstration of the potential of using the CEAS technique in shock-tube kinetics studies.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp511642a

    View details for PubMedID 25659401

  • Scanned-wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy sensor for CO, CO2, CH4 and H2O in a high-pressure engineering-scale transport-reactor coal gasifier FUEL Sur, R., Sun, K., Jeffries, J. B., Socha, J. G., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 150: 102-111
  • High-sensitivity interference-free diagnostic for measurement of methane in shock tubes JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Sur, R., Wang, S., Sun, K., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 156: 80-87
  • Shock tube and modeling study of 2,7-dimethyloctane pyrolysis and oxidation COMBUSTION AND FLAME Li, S., Sarathy, S. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Westbrook, C. K. 2015; 162 (5): 2296-2306
  • An experimental and modeling study of propene oxidation. Part 2: Ignition delay time and flame speed measurements COMBUSTION AND FLAME Burke, S. M., Burke, U., Mc Donagh, R., Mathieu, O., Osorio, I., Keesee, C., Morones, A., Petersen, E. L., Wang, W., DeVerter, T. A., Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Rhodes, B., Hanson, R. K., Davidson, D. F., Weber, B. W., Sung, C., Santner, J., Ju, Y., Haas, F. M., Dryer, F. L., Volkov, E. N., Nilsson, E. J., Konnov, A. A., Alrefae, M., Khaled, F., Farooq, A., Dirrenberger, P., Glaude, P., Battin-Leclerc, F., Curran, H. J. 2015; 162 (2): 296-314
  • Diode-laser measurements of linestrength and temperature-dependent lineshape parameters for H2O transitions near 1.4 mu m using Voigt, Rautian, Galatry, and speed-dependent Voigt profiles JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Goldenstein, C. S., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 152: 127-139
  • High temperature measurements for the rate constants of C-1-C-4 aldehydes with OH in a shock tube PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 473-480
  • Constrained reaction volume shock tube study of n-heptane oxidation: Ignition delay times and time-histories of multiple species and temperature PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Campbell, M. F., Wang, S., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Tulgestke, A. M., Zaczek, L. T., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 231-239
  • Ignition delay times of conventional and alternative fuels behind reflected shock waves PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Zhu, Y., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 241-248
  • Shock Tube Study of Dimethylamine Oxidation INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 47 (1): 19-26

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20888

    View details for Web of Science ID 000345572600003

  • High-temperature iso-butene absorption diagnostic for shock tube kinetics using a pulsed quantum cascade laser near 11.3 mu m PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Spearrin, R. M., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 3645-3651
  • A shock tube study of CH3OH + OH -> Products using OH laser absorption PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Zaczek, L. T., Lam, K. Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 377-384
  • Infrared laser absorption sensors for multiple performance parameters in a detonation PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2015; 35: 3739-3747
  • Laser absorption of nitric oxide for thermometry in high-enthalpy air MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Spearrin, R. M., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 25 (12)
  • Reaction Rate Constant of CH2O + H = HCO + H-2 Revisited: A Combined Study of Direct Shock Tube Measurement and Transition State Theory Calculation JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Wang, S., Dames, E. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118 (44): 10201-10209

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp5085795

    View details for Web of Science ID 000344579100005

  • Reaction rate constant of CH2O + H = HCO + H2 revisited: a combined study of direct shock tube measurement and transition state theory calculation. The journal of physical chemistry. A Wang, S., Dames, E. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118 (44): 10201-9

    Abstract

    The rate constant of the H-abstraction reaction of formaldehyde (CH2O) by hydrogen atoms (H), CH2O + H = H2 + HCO, has been studied behind reflected shock waves with use of a sensitive mid-IR laser absorption diagnostic for CO, over temperatures of 1304-2006 K and at pressures near 1 atm. C2H5I was used as an H atom precursor and 1,3,5-trioxane as the CH2O precursor, to generate a well-controlled CH2O/H reacting system. By designing the experiments to maintain relatively constant H atom concentrations, the current study significantly boosted the measurement sensitivity of the target reaction and suppressed the influence of interfering reactions. The measured CH2O + H rate constant can be expressed in modified Arrhenius from as kCH2O+H(1304-2006 K, 1 atm) = 1.97 × 10(11)(T/K)(1.06) exp(-3818 K/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1), with uncertainty limits estimated to be +18%/-26%. A transition-state-theory (TST) calculation, using the CCSD(T)-F12/VTZ-F12 level of theory, is in good agreement with the shock tube measurement and extended the temperature range of the current study to 200-3000 K, over which a modified Arrhenius fit of the rate constant can be expressed as kCH2O+H(200-3000 K) = 5.86 × 10(3)(T/K)(3.13) exp(-762 K/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1).

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp5085795

    View details for PubMedID 25319141

  • Simultaneous sensing of temperature, CO, and CO2 in a scramjet combustor using quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 117 (2): 689-698
  • Hypersonic Scramjet Testing via Diode Laser Absorption in a Reflected Shock Tunnel JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Strand, C. L., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Goyne, C. P. 2014; 30 (6): 1586-1594

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.B35220

    View details for Web of Science ID 000344145000018

  • Multispecies Midinfrared Absorption Measurements in a Hydrocarbon-Fueled Scramjet Combustor JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Rockwell, R. D., Goyne, C. P. 2014; 30 (6): 1595-1604

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.B35261

    View details for Web of Science ID 000344145000019

  • A scanned-wavelength-modulation absorption-spectroscopy sensor for temperature and H2O in low-pressure flames MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Smith, C. H., Goldenstein, C. S., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 25 (11)
  • Spatially Resolved Water Measurements in a Scramjet Combustor Using Diode Laser Absorption JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Rockwell, R. D., Goyne, C. P. 2014; 30 (6): 1551-1558

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.B35219

    View details for Web of Science ID 000344145000014

  • A comparative study of the chemical kinetics of methyl and ethyl propanoate FUEL Farooq, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Westbrook, C. K. 2014; 134: 26-38
  • Time-resolved in situ detection of CO in a shock tube using cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy with a quantum-cascade laser near 4.6 mu m OPTICS EXPRESS Sun, K., Wang, S., Sur, R., Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 22 (20): 24559-24565
  • Application of wavelength-scanned wavelength-modulation spectroscopy H2O absorption measurements in an engineering-scale high-pressure coal gasifier APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Sun, K., Sur, R., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Clark, T., Anthony, J., Machovec, S., Northington, J. 2014; 117 (1): 411-421
  • Recent advances in laser absorption and shock tube methods for studies of combustion chemistry PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE Hanson, R. K., Davidson, D. F. 2014; 44: 103-114
  • 20 kHz toluene planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging of a jet in nearly sonic crossflow APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Miller, V. A., Troutman, V. A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 117 (1): 401-410
  • Shock tube study of ethylamine pyrolysis and oxidation COMBUSTION AND FLAME Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (10): 2512-2518
  • High-bandwidth scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy sensors for temperature and H2O in a rotating detonation engine MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Goldenstein, C. S., Almodovar, C. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Brophy, C. M. 2014; 25 (10)
  • Pyrolysis study of conventional and alternative fuels behind reflected shock waves FUEL Li, S., Zhu, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 132: 170-177
  • Wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 2.5 mu m for H2O and temperature in high-pressure and -temperature gases APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 116 (3): 705-716
  • Multi-band infrared CO2 absorption sensor for sensitive temperature and species measurements in high-temperature gases APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Spearrin, R. M., Ren, W., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 116 (4): 855-865
  • Scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 2.5 mu m for H2O and temperature in a hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet combustor APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 116 (3): 717-727
  • FTIR measurements of mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous fatty acid methyl esters at T=25-500 degrees C JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Campbell, M. F., Freeman, K. G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 145: 57-73
  • Shock Tube Measurements of Ignition Delay Times for the Butanol Isomers Using the Constrained-Reaction-VolumeStrategy INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Bec, I. L., Zhu, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 46 (8): 433-442

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20859

    View details for Web of Science ID 000338008900002

  • TDLAS-based sensors for in situ measurement of syngas composition in a pressurized, oxygen-blown, entrained flow coal gasifier APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Sur, R., Sun, K., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Pummill, R. J., Waind, T., Wagner, D. R., Whitty, K. J. 2014; 116 (1): 33-42
  • Near-kHz 3D tracer-based LIF imaging of a co-flow jet using toluene MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Miller, V. A., Troutman, V. A., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 25 (7)
  • Laser absorption diagnostic for measuring acetylene concentrations in shock tubes JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Stranic, I., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 142: 58-65
  • Ignition delay times of very-low-vapor-pressure biodiesel surrogates behind reflected shock waves FUEL Campbell, M. F., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 126: 271-281
  • Diode Laser Absorption Sensor for Combustion Progress in a Model Scramjet JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Rockwell, R. D., Goyne, C. P. 2014; 30 (3): 550-557

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.B34905

    View details for Web of Science ID 000336353500004

  • A second-generation constrained reaction volume shock tube. Review of scientific instruments Campbell, M. F., Tulgestke, A. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 85 (5): 055108-?

    Abstract

    We have developed a shock tube that features a sliding gate valve in order to mechanically constrain the reactive test gas mixture to an area close to the shock tube endwall, separating it from a specially formulated non-reactive buffer gas mixture. This second-generation Constrained Reaction Volume (CRV) strategy enables near-constant-pressure shock tube test conditions for reactive experiments behind reflected shocks, thereby enabling improved modeling of the reactive flow field. Here we provide details of the design and operation of the new shock tube. In addition, we detail special buffer gas tailoring procedures, analyze the buffer/test gas interactions that occur on gate valve opening, and outline the size range of fuels that can be studied using the CRV technique in this facility. Finally, we present example low-temperature ignition delay time data to illustrate the CRV shock tube's performance.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4875056

    View details for PubMedID 24880416

  • Wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 1.4 mu m for measurements of H2O and temperature in high-pressure and-temperature gases MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 25 (5)
  • An improved kinetic mechanism for 3-pentanone pyrolysis and oxidation developed using multispecies time histories in shock-tubes COMBUSTION AND FLAME Dames, E. E., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (5): 1135-1145
  • Sensitive and rapid laser diagnostic for shock tube kinetics studies using cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy OPTICS EXPRESS Sun, K., Wang, S., Sur, R., Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 22 (8): 9291-9300

    Abstract

    We report the first application of cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) using a coherent light source for sensitive and rapid gaseous species time-history measurements in a shock tube. Off-axis alignment and fast scanning of the laser wavelength were used to minimize coupling noise in a low-finesse cavity. An absorption gain factor of 83 with a measurement time resolution of 20 µs was demonstrated for C2H2 detection using a near-infrared transition near 1537 nm, corresponding to a noise-equivalent detection limit of 20 ppm at 296 K and 76 ppm at 906 K at 50 kHz. This substantial gain in signal, relative to conventional single-pass absorption, will enable ultra-sensitive species detection in shock tube kinetics studies, particularly useful for measurements of minor species and for studies of dilute reactive systems.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OE.22.009291

    View details for Web of Science ID 000335902200046

    View details for PubMedID 24787817

  • Multi-species laser absorption sensors for in situ monitoring of syngas composition APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Sur, R., Sun, K., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 115 (1): 9-24
  • Quantum cascade laser absorption sensor for carbon monoxide in high-pressure gases using wavelength modulation spectroscopy APPLIED OPTICS Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 53 (9): 1938-1946

    Abstract

    A tunable quantum cascade laser sensor, based on wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy near 4.8 μm, was developed to measure CO concentration in harsh, high-pressure combustion gases. The sensor employs a normalized second harmonic detection technique (WMS-2f/1f) at a modulation frequency of 50 kHz. Wavelength selection at 2059.91  cm-1 targets the P(20) transition within the fundamental vibrational band of CO, chosen for absorption strength and relative isolation from infrared water and carbon dioxide absorption. The CO spectral model is defined by the Voigt line-shape function, and key line-strength and line-broadening spectroscopic parameters were taken from the literature or measured. Sensitivity analysis identified the CO-N2 collisional broadening coefficient as most critical for uncertainty mitigation in hydrocarbon/air combustion exhaust measurements, and this parameter was experimentally derived over a range of combustion temperatures (1100-2600 K) produced in a shock tube. Accuracy of the wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy-based sensor, using the refined spectral model, was validated at pressures greater than 40 atm in nonreactive shock-heated gas mixtures. The laser was then free-space coupled to an indium-fluoride single-mode fiber for remote light delivery. The fiber-coupled sensor was demonstrated on an ethylene/air pulse detonation combustor, providing time-resolved (∼20  kHz), in situ measurements of CO concentration in a harsh flow field.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.53.001938

    View details for Web of Science ID 000333343900028

    View details for PubMedID 24663473

  • Experimental and Modeling Study of the Thermal Decomposition of C3-C5 Ethyl Esters Behind Reflected Shock Waves JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Ren, W., Spearrin, R. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118 (10): 1785-1798

    Abstract

    The thermal decomposition of three ethyl esters, ethyl formate (C3H6O2), ethyl acetate (C4H8O2), and ethyl propanoate (C5H10O2), was studied behind reflected shock waves using laser absorption to measure concentration time-histories of H2O, CO2, and CO. Experimental conditions covered temperatures of 1301-1636 K, pressures of 1.48-1.72 atm, and reactant concentrations of 2000 ppm in argon. Recently developed mid-infrared laser diagnostics for H2O (2.5 μm), CO2 (4.3 μm), and CO (4.6 μm) provide orders-of-magnitude greater detectivity compared to previous near-infrared absorption sensors. The experimental results have highlighted significant differences among these three ethyl esters: negligible CO2 production during ethyl formate pyrolysis, quite slow CO formation rate during ethyl acetate pyrolysis, and nearly equal formation rate of H2O, CO2, and CO during ethyl propanoate pyrolysis. Detailed kinetic modeling was performed to understand the destruction pathways of these three ethyl esters with different alkyl chain lengths. Rate of production and sensitivity analyses were also carried out to interpret the experimental results and to identify the key reactions affecting experimental results.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp411766b

    View details for Web of Science ID 000333006100005

    View details for PubMedID 24450585

  • 1-Butanol ignition delay times at low temperatures: An application of the constrained-reaction-volume strategy COMBUSTION AND FLAME Zhu, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (3): 634-643
  • Shock Tube Measurements of the Rate Constant for the Reaction Ethanol plus OH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Stranic, I., Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowmant, C. T. 2014; 118 (5): 822-828

    Abstract

    The overall rate constant for the reaction ethanol + OH → products was determined experimentally from 900 to 1270 K behind reflected shock waves. Ethan(18)ol was utilized for these measurements in order to avoid the recycling of OH radicals following H-atom abstraction at the β-site of ethanol. Similar experiments were also performed with unlabeled ethan(16)ol in order to infer the rate constant that excludes reactivity at the β-site. The two data sets were used to directly infer the branching ratio for the reaction at the β-site. Experimental data in the current study and in previous low-temperature studies for the overall rate constant are best fit by the expression koverall = 5.07 × 10(5) T[K](2.31) exp(608/T[K]) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), valid from 300 to 1300 K. Measurements indicate that the branching ratio of the β-site is between 20 and 25% at the conditions studied. Pseudo-first-order reaction conditions were generated using tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as a fast source of (16)OH with ethanol in excess. (16)OH mole fraction time-histories were measured using narrow-line width laser absorption near 307 nm. Measurements were performed at the linecenter of the R22(5.5) transition in the A-X(0,0) band of (16)OH that does not overlap with any absorption features of (18)OH, thus producing a measurement of the (16)OH mole fraction that is insensitive to the presence of (18)OH.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp410853f

    View details for Web of Science ID 000331153400004

  • Pyrolysis and oxidation of decalin at elevated pressures: A shock-tube study COMBUSTION AND FLAME Zhu, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (2): 371-383
  • Secondary Diaphragm Thickness Effects and Improved Pressure Measurements in an Expansion Tube AIAA JOURNAL Miller, V. A., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 52 (2): 451-455

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.J052767

    View details for Web of Science ID 000337804700019

  • Shock tube measurements of branched alkane ignition delay times FUEL Li, S., Campos, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118: 398-405
  • Fitting of calibration-free scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy spectra for determination of gas properties and absorption lineshapes APPLIED OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Strand, C. L., Schultz, I. A., Sun, K., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 53 (3): 356-367

    Abstract

    The development and initial demonstration of a scanned-wavelength, first-harmonic-normalized, wavelength-modulation spectroscopy with nf detection (scanned-WMS-nf/1f) strategy for calibration-free measurements of gas conditions are presented. In this technique, the nominal wavelength of a modulated tunable diode laser (TDL) is scanned over an absorption transition to measure the corresponding scanned-WMS-nf/1f spectrum. Gas conditions are then inferred from least-squares fitting the simulated scanned-WMS-nf/1f spectrum to the measured scanned-WMS-nf/1f spectrum, in a manner that is analogous to widely used scanned-wavelength direct-absorption techniques. This scanned-WMS-nf/1f technique does not require prior knowledge of the transition linewidth for determination of gas properties. Furthermore, this technique can be used with any higher harmonic (i.e., n>1), modulation depth, and optical depth. Selection of the laser modulation index to maximize both signal strength and sensitivity to spectroscopic parameters (i.e., gas conditions), while mitigating distortion, is described. Last, this technique is demonstrated with two-color measurements in a well-characterized supersonic flow within the Stanford Expansion Tube. In this demonstration, two frequency-multiplexed telecommunication-grade TDLs near 1.4 μm were scanned at 12.5 kHz (i.e., measurement repetition rate of 25 kHz) and modulated at 637.5 and 825 kHz to determine the gas temperature, pressure, H2O mole fraction, velocity, and absorption transition lineshape. Measurements are shown to agree within uncertainty (1%-5%) of expected values.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.53.000356

    View details for Web of Science ID 000330172300007

    View details for PubMedID 24514120

  • High-Temperature Measurements of the Reactions of OH with Ethylamine and Dimethylamine JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Li, S., Dames, E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118 (1): 70-77

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp411141w

    View details for Web of Science ID 000329678100008

  • High-temperature measurements of the reactions of OH with ethylamine and dimethylamine. The journal of physical chemistry. A Li, S., Dames, E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 118 (1): 70-7

    Abstract

    The overall rate constants of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with ethylamine (EA: CH3CH2NH2) and dimethylamine (DMA: CH3NHCH3) were investigated behind reflected shock waves using UV laser absorption of OH radicals near 306.7 nm. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was used as the fast source of OH at elevated temperatures. Test gas mixtures of individual amines and TBHP, diluted in argon, were shock-heated to temperatures from 901 to 1368 K at pressures near 1.2 atm. The overall rate constants were determined by fitting the measured OH time-histories with the computed profiles using a detailed mechanism developed by Lucassen et al. (Combust. Flame 2012, 159, 2254-2279). Over the temperature range studied, the measured rate constants can be expressed as kEA+OH = 1.10 × 10(7)·T(1.93) exp(1450/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), and kDMA+OH = 2.26 × 10(4)·T(2.69) exp(1797/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1). Detailed error analyses were performed to estimate the overall uncertainties of the measured reaction rate constants, and the estimated (2σ) uncertainties were found to be ±31% at 901 K and ±22% at 1368 K for kEA+OH, and ±29% at 925 K and ±21% at 1307 K for kDMA+OH. Variational transition state theory was used to compute the H-abstraction rates by OH for ethylamine and dimethylamine, with the potential energy surface, geometries, frequencies, and electronic energies calculated by Galano and Alvarez-Idaboy (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2008, 4, 322-327) at CCSD(T)/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. The calculated reaction rate constants are in good agreement with the experimental data.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp411141w

    View details for PubMedID 24328257

  • Uncertainty-quantification analysis of the effects of residual impurities on hydrogen-oxygen ignition in shock tubes COMBUSTION AND FLAME Urzay, J., Kseib, N., Davidson, D. F., Iaccarino, G., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (1): 1-15
  • 20 kHz tracer-based PLIF of a jet in crossflow in an expansion tube 17th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Miller, V. A., Troutman, V. A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2014
  • Shock tube study of the pressure dependence of monomethylhydrazine pyrolysis COMBUSTION AND FLAME Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2014; 161 (1): 16-22
  • Shock tube study of methanol, methyl formate pyrolysis: CH3OH and CO time-history measurements COMBUSTION AND FLAME Ren, W., Dames, E., Hyland, D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 160 (12): 2669-2679
  • Analysis of calibration-free wavelength-scanned wavelength modulation spectroscopy for practical gas sensing using tunable diode lasers MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Sun, K., Chao, X., Sur, R., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 24 (12)
  • Two-color absorption spectroscopy strategy for measuring the column density and path average temperature of the absorbing species in nonuniform gases APPLIED OPTICS Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 52 (33): 7950-7962

    Abstract

    A two-color absorption spectroscopy strategy has been developed for measuring the column density and density-weighted path-average temperature of the absorbing species in nonuniform gases. This strategy uses two transitions with strengths that scale nearly linearly with temperature. In addition, measured lineshapes are used to accurately model absorbance spectra. As a result, the column density and density-weighted path-average temperature of the absorbing species can be inferred from a comparison of signals measured across a nonuniform line of sight (LOS) with simulated signals calculated using a uniform LOS. This strategy is demonstrated with simulations of water-vapor absorption across a nonuniform LOS with temperature and composition gradients comparable to those in hydrogen-air diffusion flames. In this demonstration, both the column density and density-weighted path-average temperature of water vapor are recovered to within 0.5%.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.52.007950

    View details for Web of Science ID 000327467200014

    View details for PubMedID 24513746

  • Diode laser measurements of linestrength and temperature-dependent lineshape parameters of H2O-, CO2-, and N-2-perturbed H2O transitions near 2474 and 2482 nm JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 130: 100-111
  • High-temperature laser absorption diagnostics for CH2O and CH3CHO and their application to shock tube kinetic studies COMBUSTION AND FLAME Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 160 (10): 1930-1938
  • Shock tube measurements of the rate constant for the reaction cyclohexene -> ethylene+1,3-butadiene CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS Stranic, I., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 584: 18-23
  • Shock tube measurements and model development for morpholine pyrolysis and oxidation at high pressures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Labbe, N. J., Westmoreland, P. R., Osswald, P., Kohse-Hoeinghaus, K. 2013; 160 (9): 1559-1571
  • Constrained reaction volume approach for studying chemical kinetics behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Hanson, R. K., Pang, G. A., Chakraborty, S., Ren, W., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F. 2013; 160 (9): 1550-1558
  • Shock Tube Measurements of the tert-Butanol + OH Reaction Rate and the tert-C4H8OH Radical ß-Scission Branching Ratio Using Isotopic Labeling. journal of physical chemistry. A Stranic, I., Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T. 2013; 117 (23): 4777-4784

    Abstract

    The overall rate constant for the reaction tert-butanol + OH → products was determined experimentally behind reflected shock waves by using (18)O-substituted tert-butanol (tert-butan(18)ol) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as a fast source of (16)OH. The data were acquired from 900 to 1200 K near 1.1 atm and are best fit by the Arrhenius expression 1.24 × 10(-10) exp(-2501/T [K]) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The products of the title reaction include the tert-C4H8OH radical that is known to have two major β-scission decomposition channels, one of which produces OH radicals. Experiments with the isotopically labeled tert-butan(18)ol also lead to an experimental determination of the branching ratio for the β-scission pathways of the tert-C4H8OH radical by comparing the measured pseudo-first-order decay rate of (16)OH in the presence of excess tert-butan(16)ol with the respective decay rate of (16)OH in the presence of excess tert-butan(18)ol. The two decay rates of (16)OH as a result of reactions with the two forms of tert-butanol differ by approximately a factor of 5 due to the absence of (16)OH-producing pathways in experiments with tert-butan(18)ol. This indicates that 80% of the (16)OH molecules that react with tert-butan(16)ol will reproduce another (16)OH molecule through β-scission of the resulting tert-C4H8(16)OH radical. (16)OH mole fraction time histories were measured using narrow-line-width laser absorption near 307 nm. Measurements were performed at the line center of the R22(5.5) transition in the A-X(0,0) band of (16)OH, a transition that does not overlap with any absorption features of (18)OH, hence yielding a measurement of (16)OH mole fraction that is insensitive to any production of (18)OH.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp402176e

    View details for PubMedID 23683356

  • Methane and ethylene time-history measurements in n-butane and n-heptane pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves FUEL Pyun, S. H., Ren, W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 108: 557-564
  • Single- and dual-band collection toluene PLIF thermometry in supersonic flows EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Miller, V. A., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 54 (6)
  • A Shock Tube Study of H-2+OH -> H2O+H Using OH Laser Absorption INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 45 (6): 363-373

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20771

    View details for Web of Science ID 000318176700003

  • Multi-species measurements in 2-butanol and i-butanol pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Stranic, I., Pyun, S. H., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 160 (6): 1012-1019
  • Fiber-coupled 2.7 mu m laser absorption sensor for CO2 in harsh combustion environments MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 24 (5)
  • Shock tube measurements of methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide time-histories in DME pyrolysis COMBUSTION AND FLAME Pyun, S. H., Ren, W., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 160 (4): 747-754
  • Real-time, in situ, continuous monitoring of CO in a pulverized-coal-fired power plant with a 2.3 mu m laser absorption sensor APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 110 (3): 359-365
  • Wavelength modulation diode laser absorption spectroscopy for high-pressure gas sensing APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Sun, K., Chao, X., Sur, R., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 110 (4): 497-508
  • TDL absorption sensors for gas temperature and concentrations in a high-pressure entrained-flow coal gasifier PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Sun, K., Sur, R., Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Pummill, R. J., Whitty, K. J. 2013; 34: 3593-3601
  • In situ Measurements of Syngas Temperature, Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide in an Engineering Scale Liquefied Coal Gasifier 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Sun, K., Sur, R., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Clark, T., Anthony, J., Machovec, S., Northington, J. 2013
  • TDLAS-based in situ Monitoring of Syngas Composition from an Oxygen-Blown, Down-Fired Coal Gasifier 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Sur, R., Sun, K., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Pummill, R. S., Whitty, K. 2013
  • Shock Tube Study of Ethylamine Pyrolysis and Oxidation 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Moshammer, K., Kohse-Höinghaus, K. 2013
  • Combustion Kinetic Modeling using Multispecies Time-histories in Shock Tube Pyrolisis and Oxidation of 3-pentanone 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Lam, K. Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013
  • Diode Laser Measurements of Temperature and H2O for Monitoring Pulse Detonation Combustor Performance 24th International Colloquium on Dynamics of Explosive and Reactive Systems Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Spearin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013
  • Ignition Delay Times of Very-Low-Vapor-Pressure Biodiesel Surrogate behind Reflected Shock Waves 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Campbell, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013
  • Thermal Decomposition of C3-C5 Ethyl Esters: CO CO2 and H2O Time-history Measurements behind Reflected Shock Waves 8th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Ren, W., Spearrin, R. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013
  • Multi-species time-history measurements during high-temperature acetone and 2-butanone pyrolysis PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Lam, K., Ren, W., Pyun, S. H., Farooq, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 34: 607-615
  • On the rate constants of OH + HO2 and HO2 + HO2: A comprehensive study of H2O2 thermal decomposition using multi-species laser absorption PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Hong, Z., Lam, K., Sur, R., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 34: 565-571
  • Multi-species time-history measurements during n-hexadecane oxidation behind reflected shock waves PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Haylett, D. R., Davidson, D. F., Cook, R. D., Hong, Z., Ren, W., Pyun, S. H., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 34: 369-376
  • Fuel and Ethylene Measurements during n-dodecane, methylcyclohexane, and iso-cetane pyrolysis in shock tubes FUEL MacDonald, M. E., Ren, W., Zhu, Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 103: 1060-1068
  • Development of laser absorption techniques for real-time, in-situ dual-species monitoring (NO/NH3, CO/O-2) in combustion exhaust PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 34: 3583-3592
  • Formulation of an RP-1 pyrolysis surrogate from shock tube measurements of fuel and ethylene time histories FUEL MacDonald, M. E., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Pitz, W. J., Mehl, M., Westbrook, C. K. 2013; 103: 1051-1059
  • Ignition delay times of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate behind reflected shock waves PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Campbell, M. F., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Westbrook, C. K. 2013; 34: 419-425
  • Shock tube/laser absorption studies of the decomposition of methyl formate PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Ren, W., Lam, K., Pyun, S. H., Farooq, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2013; 34: 453-461
  • High-Temperature Measurements of the Reactions of OH with Small Methyl Esters: Methyl Formate, Methyl Acetate, Methyl Propanoate, and Methyl Butanoate JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 116 (50): 12229-12241

    Abstract

    The overall rate constants for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with four small methyl esters, namely methyl formate (CH(3)OCHO), methyl acetate (CH(3)OC(O)CH(3)), methyl propanoate (CH(3)OC(O)C(2)H(5)), and methyl butanoate (CH(3)OC(O)C(3)H(7)), were investigated behind reflected shock waves using UV laser absorption of OH radicals near 306.69 nm. Test gas mixtures of individual methyl esters and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), a fast source of OH at elevated temperatures, diluted in argon were shock-heated to temperatures spanning from 876 to 1371 K at pressures near 1.5 atm. The overall rate constants were determined by matching the measured OH time-histories with the computed profiles from the comprehensive chemical kinetic mechanisms of Dooley et al. (2010) and Dooley et al. (2008), which were originally developed for the oxidation of methyl formate and methyl butanoate, respectively. These measured values can be expressed in Arrhenius form as k(CH(3)OCHO+OH) = 2.56 × 10(13) exp(-2026/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), k(CH(3)OC(O)CH(3)+OH) = 3.59 × 10(13) exp(-2438/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), k(CH(3)OC(O)C(2)H(5)+OH) = 6.65 × 10(13) exp(-2539/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), and k(CH(3)OC(O)C(3)H(7)+OH) = 1.13 × 10(14) exp(-2515/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1) over the temperature ranges studied. Detailed error analyses were performed to estimate the overall uncertainties of these reactions, and the estimated (2σ) uncertainties were found to be ±29% at 913 K and ±18% at 1289 K for k(CH(3)OCHO+OH), ± 29% at 930 K and ±17% at 1299 K for k(CH(3)OC(O)CH(3)+OH), ± 25% at 909 K and ±17% at 1341 K for k(CH(3)OC(O)C2H(5)+OH), and ±24% at 925 K and ±16% at 1320 K for k(CH(3)OC(O)C(3)H(7)+OH). We believe these are the first direct high-temperature rate constant measurements for the reactions of OH with these small methyl esters. These measured rate constants were also compared with the estimated values employed in different comprehensive kinetic mechanisms. Additionally, the structure-activity relationship from Kwok and Atkinson (1995) was used to estimate these four rate constants, and the estimations from this group-additivity model are in good agreement with the measurements (within ~25%) at the present experimental conditions.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp310256j

    View details for Web of Science ID 000312519800005

    View details for PubMedID 23194350

  • Shock tube studies of methyl butanoate pyrolysis with relevance to biodiesel COMBUSTION AND FLAME Farooq, A., Ren, W., Lam, K. Y., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Westbrook, C. K. 2012; 159 (11): 3235-3241
  • Second-generation aerosol shock tube: an improved design SHOCK WAVES Haylett, D. R., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 22 (6): 483-493
  • Multi-species measurements in 1-butanol pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Stranic, I., Pyun, S. H., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 159 (11): 3242-3250
  • Shock tube measurements of 3-pentanone pyrolysis and oxidation COMBUSTION AND FLAME Lam, K., Ren, W., Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 159 (11): 3251-3263
  • Experimental Determination of the High-Temperature Rate Constant for the Reaction of OH with sec-Butanol JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T. 2012; 116 (39): 9607-9613

    Abstract

    The overall rate constant for the reaction of OH with sec-butanol [CH(3)CH(OH)CH(2)CH(3)] was determined from measurements of the near-first-order OH decay in shock-heated mixtures of tert-butylhydroperoxide (as a fast source of OH) with sec-butanol in excess. Three kinetic mechanisms from the literature describing sec-butanol combustion were used to examine the sensitivity of the rate constant determination to secondary kinetics. The overall rate constant determined can be described by the Arrhenius expression 6.97 × 10(-11) exp(-1550/T[K]) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), valid over the temperature range of 888-1178 K. Uncertainty bounds of ±30% were found to adequately account for the uncertainty in secondary kinetics. To our knowledge, the current data represent the first efforts toward an experimentally determined rate constant for the overall reaction of OH with sec-butanol at combustion-relevant temperatures. A rate constant predicted using a structure-activity relationship from the literature was compared to the current data and previous rate constant measurements for the title reaction at atmospheric-relevant temperatures. The structure-activity relationship was found to be unable to correctly predict the measured rate constant at all temperatures where experimental data exist. We found that the three-parameter fit of 4.95 × 10(-20)T(2.66) exp(+1123/T[K]) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) better describes the overall rate constant for the reaction of OH with sec-butanol from 263 to 1178 K.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp306977e

    View details for Web of Science ID 000309375300002

    View details for PubMedID 22946741

  • A shock tube study of the rate constants of HO2 and CH3 reactions COMBUSTION AND FLAME Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Lam, K., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 159 (10): 3007-3013
  • High-Temperature Measurements of the Reactions of OH with a Series of Ketones: Acetone, 2-Butanone, 3-Pentanone, and 2-Pentanone JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 116 (23): 5549-5559

    Abstract

    The overall rate constants for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with a series of ketones, namely, acetone (CH(3)COCH(3)), 2-butanone (C(2)H(5)COCH(3)), 3-pentanone (C(2)H(5)COC(2)H(5)), and 2-pentanone (C(3)H(7)COCH(3)), were studied behind reflected shock waves over the temperature range of 870-1360 K at pressures of 1-2 atm. OH radicals were produced by rapid thermal decomposition of the OH precursor tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and were monitored by the narrow line width ring dye laser absorption of the well-characterized R(1)(5) line in the OH A-X (0, 0) band near 306.69 nm. The overall rate constants were inferred by comparing the measured OH time histories with the simulated profiles from the detailed mechanisms of Pichon et al. (2009) and Serinyel et al. (2010). These measured values can be expressed in Arrhenius form as k(CH3COCH3+OH) = 3.30 × 10(13) exp(-2437/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), k(C2H5COCH3+OH )= 6.35 × 10(13) exp(-2270/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), k(C2H5COC2H5+OH) = 9.29 × 10(13) exp(-2361/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), and k(C3H7COCH3+OH) = 7.06 × 10(13) exp(-2020/T) cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1). The measured rate constant for the acetone + OH reaction from the current study is consistent with three previous experimental studies from Bott and Cohen (1991), Vasudevan et al. (2005), and Srinivasan et al. (2007), within ±20%. Here, we also present the first direct high-temperature rate constant measurements of 2-butanone + OH, 3-pentanone + OH, and 2-pentanone + OH reactions. The measured values for the 2-butanone + OH reaction are in close accord with the theoretical calculation from Zhou et al. (2011), and the measured values for the 3-pentanone + OH reaction are in excellent agreement with the estimates (by analogy with the H-atom abstraction rate constants from alkanes) from Serinyel et al. Finally, the structure-activity relationship from Kwok and Atkinson (1995) was used to estimate these four rate constants, and the estimated values from this group-additivity model show good agreement with the measurements (within ~25%) at the present experimental conditions.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp303853h

    View details for Web of Science ID 000305355900004

    View details for PubMedID 22607582

  • CO concentration and temperature sensor for combustion gases using quantum-cascade laser absorption near 4.7 mu m APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Ren, W., Farooq, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 107 (3): 849-860
  • IR laser absorption diagnostic for C2H4 in shock tube kinetics studies INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Ren, W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 44 (6): 423-432

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20599

    View details for Web of Science ID 000303042600007

  • High-Temperature Rate Constant Determination for the Reaction of OH with iso-Butanol JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T. 2012; 116 (19): 4720-4725

    Abstract

    This work presents the first direct experimental study of the rate constant for the reaction of OH with iso-butanol (2-methyl-1-propanol) at temperatures from 907 to 1147 K at near-atmospheric pressures. OH time-histories were measured behind reflected shock waves using a narrow-linewidth laser absorption method during reactions of dilute mixtures of tert-butylhydroperoxide (as a fast source of OH) with iso-butanol in excess. The title reaction's overall rate constant (OH + iso-butanol →(k(overall)) all products) minus the rate constant for the β-radical-producing channel (OH + iso-butanol →(k(β)) 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-prop-2-yl radical + H(2)O) was determined from the pseudo-first-order rate of OH decay. A two-parameter Arrhenius fit of the experimentally determined rate constant in the current temperature range yields the expression (k(overall) - k(β)) = 1.84 × 10(-10) exp(-2350/T[K]) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). A recommendation for the overall rate constant, including k(β), is made, and comparisons of the results to rate constant recommendations from the literature are discussed.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp302719j

    View details for Web of Science ID 000304073200005

    View details for PubMedID 22515280

  • Multispecies laser measurements of n-butanol pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 44 (5): 303-311

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20713

    View details for Web of Science ID 000302072400003

  • Rate Constant Measurements for the Overall Reaction of OH+1-Butanol -> Products from 900 to 1200 K JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T. 2012; 116 (10): 2475-2483

    Abstract

    The rate constant for the overall reaction OH + 1-butanol → products was determined in the temperature range 900 to 1200 K from measurements of OH concentration time histories in reflected shock wave experiments of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as a fast source of OH radicals with 1-butanol in excess. Narrow-linewidth laser absorption was employed for the quantitative OH concentration measurement. A detailed kinetic mechanism was constructed that includes updated rate constants for 1-butanol and TBHP kinetics that influence the near-first-order OH concentration decay under the present experimental conditions, and this mechanism was used to facilitate the rate constant determination. The current work improves upon previous experimental studies of the title rate constant by utilizing a rigorously generated kinetic model to describe secondary reactions. Additionally, the current work extends the temperature range of experimental data in the literature for the title reaction under combustion-relevant conditions, presenting the first measurements from 900 to 1000 K. Over the entire temperature range studied, the overall rate constant can be expressed in Arrhenius form as 3.24 × 10(-10) exp(-2505/T [K]) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The influence of secondary reactions on the overall OH decay rate is discussed, and a detailed uncertainty analysis is performed yielding an overall uncertainty in the measured rate constant of ±20% at 1197 K and ±23% at 925 K. The results are compared with previous experimental and theoretical studies on the rate constant for the title reaction and reasonable agreement is found when the earlier experimental data were reinterpreted.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp211885p

    View details for Web of Science ID 000301509400010

    View details for PubMedID 22352920

  • Wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy for real-time, in situ NO detection in combustion gases with a 5.2 mu m quantum-cascade laser APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 106 (4): 987-997
  • Ignition delay times of low-vapor-pressure fuels measured using an aerosol shock tube COMBUSTION AND FLAME Haylett, D. R., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 159 (2): 552-561
  • Shock tube measurements of ignition delay times for the butanol isomers COMBUSTION AND FLAME Stranic, I., Chase, D. P., Harmon, J. T., Yang, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2012; 159 (2): 516-527
  • Cinematographic PLIF imaging of Toluene using CW excitation 16th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Gamba, M., Hanson, R. K. 2012
  • OH PLIF imaging of the reaction zone in combusting transverse jets in supersonic crossflow 16th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2012
  • TDL Absorption Sensor for Temperature Measurements in High-Pressure and High-Temperature Gases 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2012

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.2012-1061

  • OH PLIF of the Reaction Zone in Combusting Transverse Jets in Supersonic Crossflow 16th Int. Symp. On Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2012
  • Two-camera Dual-band Collection Toluene PLIF Thermometry in Supersonic Flows 16th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Miller, V. A., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2012
  • H2O temperature sensor for low-pressure flames using tunable diode laser absorption near 2.9 mu m MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Li, S., Farooq, A., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 22 (12)
  • Near-wall imaging using toluene-based planar laser-induced fluorescence in shock tube flow SHOCK WAVES Yoo, J., Mitchell, D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 21 (6): 523-532
  • Broad-linewidth laser absorption measurements of oxygen between 211 and 235 nm at high temperatures JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Hong, Z., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 112 (17): 2698-2703
  • Measurement of Water Vapor Levels for Investigating Vitiation Effects on Scramjet Performance JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Rockwell, R. D., Goyne, C. P., Haw, W., McDaniel, J. C., Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 27 (6): 1315-1317

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.B34270

    View details for Web of Science ID 000297141100019

  • Extension of Bacillus endospore gas dynamic heating studies to multiple species and test conditions JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Gates, S. D., McCartt, A. D., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Hokama, L. A., Mortelmans, K. E. 2011; 111 (4): 925-931

    Abstract

    Shock wave-induced damage to a variety of Bacillus endospore species is studied for a wide range of postshock temperatures and test times in oxidative and non-oxidative gas environments.Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus subtilis endospores are nebulized into an aqueous aerosol, loaded into the Stanford aerosol shock tube (SAST) and subjected to shock waves of controlled strength. Endospores experience uniform test temperatures between 500 and 1000 K and pressures ranging from 2 to 7 atm, for either a short test time (∼2·5 ms) or a relatively long test time (∼45 ms). During this process, the bioaerosol is observed using in situ laser absorption and scattering diagnostics. Additionally, shock-treated samples are extracted for ex situ analysis including viability plating and flow cytometry. For short test times, results are consistent with previous studies; all endospore species begin to lose the ability to form colonies when shock-heated to temperatures above 500 K, while significant breakdown in morphology is observed for postshock temperatures above 700 K. Oxidative bath gases did not affect viability losses or morphological breakdown rates. Experiments with extended postshock test time showed increased viability loss with minimal morphological damage for shocks between 600 and 700 K.Genetic differences between B. subtilis and B. atrophaeus endospores do not confer noticeable gains in resistance to shock heating. Oxidative environments do not exacerbate shock-induced damage to endospores. Extended test time experiments reinforce our hypothesis that a temperature/time-dependent inactivation mechanism that does not involve morphological breakdown exists at low-to-moderate postshock temperatures.The methodology and experiments described in this paper extend the study of the interactions of endospores with shock/blast waves to new species and environmental conditions.

    View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05090.x

    View details for Web of Science ID 000295429200014

    View details for PubMedID 21707883

  • A comparative study of the oxidation characteristics of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and n-butylcyclohexane at high temperatures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Hong, Z., Lam, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 158 (8): 1456-1468
  • An improved H-2/O-2 mechanism based on recent shock tube/laser absorption measurements COMBUSTION AND FLAME Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 158 (4): 633-644
  • Shock tube measurements of species time-histories in monomethyl hydrazine pyrolysis COMBUSTION AND FLAME Cook, R. D., Pyun, S. H., Cho, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 158 (4): 790-795
  • Reactions of OH with Butene Isomers: Measurements of the Overall Rates and a Theoretical Study JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasu, S. S., Lam K Huynh, K. H., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M. 2011; 115 (12): 2549-2556

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp112294h

    View details for Web of Science ID 000288644600013

  • Shock Tube Study of Syngas Ignition in Rich CO2 Mixtures and Determination of the Rate of H + O-2 + CO2 -> HO2 + CO2 ENERGY & FUELS Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 25 (3): 990-997

    View details for DOI 10.1021/ef1015928

    View details for Web of Science ID 000289613300016

  • Mid-infrared laser-absorption diagnostic for vapor-phase fuel mole fraction and liquid fuel film thickness APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 102 (2): 345-355
  • Interference-free mid-IR laser absorption detection of methane MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pyun, S. H., Cho, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 22 (2)
  • A new shock tube study of the H + O-2 -> OH plus O reaction rate using tunable diode laser absorption of H2O near 2.5 mu m PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Barbour, E. A., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 309-316
  • Toluene Laser-induced Fluorescence Imaging of Compressible Flows in an Expansion Tube 64th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics Miller, V. A., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K., Mohri, K., Schulz, C. 2011
  • RP-Fuel and Surrogate Pyrolysis: Multi-species Time-history Measurements using Shock Tube/Laser Absorption JANNAF Meeting Davidson, D. F., MacDonald, M. E., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • MMH Pyrolysis and Oxidation: Species Time-History Measurements behind Reflected Shock Waves 23rd ICDERS Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Pyun, S. H., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Temperature Measurements in an Entrained Flow, Slagging, Coal Gasifier using Laser Absorption of Water Vapor 28th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference Sun, K., Sur, R., Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Pummill, R. J., Wagner, D. A., Whitty, K. J., Steele, R. C. 2011
  • Temperature Time-history Measurements in a Shock Tube using Diode Laser Absorption of CO2 near 2.7 μm 23rd ICDERS Ren, W., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Shock Tube Measurements of Ethylene Concentration Time-histories during Ethylene, n-Heptane and methylcyclohexane Pyrolysis 7th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Ren, W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Shock Tube Measurements of Ignition Delay Times and OH and H2O Species Time-histories in 3-pentanone/O2 /Ar Mixtures 7th International Conference on Chemical Kinetics Lam, K. Y., Hong, Z., Durrstein, S. W., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Schulz, C. 2011
  • High-temperature Reactions of OH with Linear Alkenes up to C4 7th International Conference on Chemical Kinetics Harper, M. R., Green, W. H., Van Geem, K. M., Weber, B. W., Sung, C., Stranic, I., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Combustion of the Butanol Isomers: Reaction Pathways at Elevated Pressures from Low to High Temperatures 7th International Conference on Chemical Kinetics Harper, M. R., Green, W. H., Van Geem, K. M., Weber, B. W., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Measurements of JP-8 Ignition Delay Times and Multi-species Time-histories JANNAF Meeting Davidson, D. F., Li, S., Lam, K. Y., Stranic, I., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Multi-Species Measurements of n-Butanol Pyrolysis behind Reflected Shock Waves 7th International Conference on Chemical Kinetics Cook, R. D., Sur, R., Stranic, I., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Harper, M. R., Green, W. H. 2011
  • Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Diagnostic for Scramjet Combustion Flows 7th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2011
  • Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Database for the Oxidation of Hi Fire JP-7 Surrogate Fuel JANNAF Meeting Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Ren, W. 2011
  • Shock tube/laser absorption measurements of ethylene time-histories during ethylene and n-heptane pyrolysis PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Pilla, G. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 333-340
  • Applications of quantitative laser sensors to kinetics, propulsion and practical energy systems PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 1-40
  • Response of Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam Endospores to Gas Dynamic Heating in a Shock Tube ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS McCartt, A. D., Gates, S. D., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Joubert, L. M., Buhr, T. L. 2011; 225 (11-12): 1367-1377
  • Multi-species time-history measurements during n-dodecane oxidation behind reflected shock waves PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Davidson, D. F., Hong, Z., Pilla, G. L., Farooq, A., Cook, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 151-157
  • Shock tube ignition delay time measurements in propane/O-2/argon mixtures at near-constant-volume conditions PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Lam, K., Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 251-258
  • OH and C2H4 species time-histories during hexadecane and diesel ignition behind reflected shock waves PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Haylett, D. R., Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 167-173
  • High-Temperature Measurements of the Rate Constants for Reactions of OH with a Series of Large Normal Alkanes: n-Pentane, n-Heptane, and n-Nonane ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS Pang, G. A., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T. 2011; 225 (11-12): 1157-1178
  • In situ absorption sensor for NO in combustion gases with a 5.2 mu m quantum-cascade laser PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2011; 33: 725-733
  • Temperature and pressure imaging using infrared planar laser-induced fluorescence APPLIED OPTICS Rothamer, D. A., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 49 (33): 6436-6447

    Abstract

    A new diagnostic technique for measurements of temperature and pressure distribution in gaseous flows has been developed. The technique, based on infrared planar laser-induced fluorescence (IR-PLIF), is applicable to all IR-active species. A simple two-line excitation approach is used for measurements of temperature, while pressure measurements utilize online excitation on one rotational line and offline excitation on another. A demonstration of the technique in a supersonic underexpanded jet of 30% CO2 and 70% N2 was performed, and the results are, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of temperature and pressure imaging using IR-PLIF. The developed diagnostic shows potential for single-shot two-dimensional measurements of temperature and pressure in gaseous flows.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000284396500010

    View details for PubMedID 21102669

  • Shock Tube/Laser Absorption Measurements of the Reaction Rates of OH with Ethylene and Propene JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasu, S. S., Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M. 2010; 114 (43): 11529-11537

    Abstract

    Reaction rates of hydroxyl (OH) radicals with ethylene (C₂H₄) and propene (C₃H₆) were studied behind reflected shock waves. OH + ethylene → products (rxn 1) rate measurements were conducted in the temperature range 973-1438 K, for pressures from 2 to 10 atm, and for initial concentrations of ethylene of 500, 751, and 1000 ppm. OH + propene → products (rxn 2) rate measurements spanned temperatures of 890-1366 K, pressures near 2.3 atm, and initial propene concentrations near 300 ppm. OH radicals were produced by shock-heating tert-butyl hydroperoxide, (CH₃)₃-CO-OH, and monitored by laser absorption near 306.7 nm. Rate constants for the reactions of OH with ethylene and propene were extracted by matching modeled and measured OH concentration time-histories in the reflected shock region. Current data are in excellent agreement with previous studies and extend the temperature range of OH + propene data. Transition state theory calculations using recent ab initio results give excellent agreement with our measurements and other data outside our temperature range. Fits (in units of cm³/mol/s) to the abstraction channels of OH + ethylene and OH + propene are k₁ = 2.23 × 10⁴ (T)(2.745) exp(-1115 K/T) for 600-2000 K and k₂ = 1.94 × 10⁶ (T)(2.229) exp(-540 K/T) for 700-1500 K, respectively. A rate constant determination for the reaction TBHP → products (rxn 3) was also obtained in the range 745-1014 K using OH data from behind both incident and reflected shock waves. These high-temperature measurements were fit with previous low-temperature data, and the following rate expression (0.6-2.6 atm), applicable over the temperature range 400-1050 K, was obtained: k₃ (1/s) = 8.13 × 10⁻¹² (T)(7.83) exp(-14598 K/T).

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp106049s

    View details for Web of Science ID 000283471900020

    View details for PubMedID 20923208

  • Bacillus endospore resistance to gas dynamic heating JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Gates, S. D., McCartt, A. D., Lappas, P., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Hokama, L. A., Mortelmans, K. E. 2010; 109 (5): 1591-1598

    Abstract

    To develop a novel laboratory procedure for the study of shock wave-induced damage to Bacillus endospores.Bacillus atrophaeus endospores are nebulized into an aerosol, loaded into the stanford aerosol shock tube and subjected to shock waves of controlled strength. Endospores experience uniform test temperatures between 500 and 1000K and pressures ranging from 2 to 7atm, for a relatively short time (2-3ms). During this process, the bioaerosol is observed using in situ laser absorption and scattering diagnostics. Additionally, shock-treated samples are extracted for ex situ analysis including viability plating, flow cytometry and SEM imaging. Measurements indicate that endospores lose the ability to form colonies when heated to test temperatures above 500K while significant breakdown in morphology is observed at test temperatures above 750K.These results demonstrate the disruption of essential biochemical pathways or biomolecules prior to the onset of significant endospore morphological deterioration.This novel laboratory approach to study the interaction of endospores with shock waves provides an experimental means to investigate the mechanisms of endospore resistance to rapid heating. In addition, this methodology allows for the direct simulation of a blast wave-bioaerosol interaction in an atmospheric environment.

    View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04785.x

    View details for Web of Science ID 000282813800010

    View details for PubMedID 20618888

  • Multi-species time-history measurements during n-heptane oxidation behind reflected shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Davidson, D. F., Hong, Z., Pilla, G. L., Farooq, A., Cook, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 157 (10): 1899-1905
  • Temperature sensing in shock-heated evaporating aerosol using wavelength-modulation absorption spectroscopy of CO2 near 2.7 mu m MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Ren, W., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 21 (10)
  • Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging in shock tube flows EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Yoo, J., Mitchell, D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 49 (4): 751-759
  • Measurements of the reaction of OH with n-butanol at high-temperatures CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M. 2010; 497 (1-3): 26-29
  • High-Temperature Measurements and a Theoretical Study of the Reaction of OH with 1,3-Butadiene JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasu, S. S., Zador, J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Miller, J. A. 2010; 114 (32): 8312-8318

    Abstract

    The reaction of hydroxyl (OH) radicals with 1,3-butadiene (C(4)H(6)) was studied behind reflected shock waves over the temperature range 1011-1406 K and at pressures near 2.2 atm. OH radicals were produced by shock-heating tert-butyl hydroperoxide, (CH(3))(3)-CO-OH, and were monitored by narrow line width ring dye laser absorption of the well-characterized R(1)(5) line of the OH A-X (0,0) band near 306.7 nm. OH time histories were modeled using a comprehensive 1,3-butadiene oxidation mechanism, and rate constants for the reaction of OH with 1,3-butadiene were extracted by matching modeled and measured OH concentration time histories. Detailed error analyses yielded an uncertainty estimate of +/-13% at 1200 K for the rate coefficient of the target reaction. The current data extends the temperature range of the only previous high-temperature study for this reaction. The rate coefficient and the branching fractions for the H-abstraction channels of the target reaction were also calculated over the temperature range 250-2500 K using variational transition-state theory based on QCISD(T)/cc-pVinfinityZ//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) quantum chemistry. The calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results above 1200 K.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp104880u

    View details for Web of Science ID 000280727200013

    View details for PubMedID 20701338

  • Shock-Tube Experiments and Kinetic Modeling of Toluene Ignition JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 26 (4): 776-783

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.46637

    View details for Web of Science ID 000280255300017

  • A Shock Tube Study of OH + H2O2 -> H2O + HO2 and H2O2 + M -> 2OH+M using Laser Absorption of H2O and OH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Hong, Z., Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 114 (18): 5718-5727

    Abstract

    The rate constants of the reactions: (1) H2O2+M-->2OH+M, (2) OH+H2O2-->H2O+HO2 were measured in shock-heated H(2)O(2)/Ar mixtures using laser absorption diagnostics for H(2)O and OH. Time-histories of H(2)O were monitored using tunable diode laser absorption at 2550.96 nm, and time-histories of OH were achieved using ring dye laser absorption at 306 nm. Initial H(2)O(2) concentrations were also determined utilizing the H(2)O diagnostic. On the basis of simultaneous time-history measurements of OH and H(2)O, k(2) was found to be 4.6 x 10(13) exp(-2630 K/T) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)] over the temperature range 1020-1460 K at 1.8 atm; additional measurements of k(2) near 1 atm showed no significant pressure dependence. Similarly, k(1) was found to be 9.5 x 10(15) exp(-21 250 K/T) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)] over the same temperature and pressure range.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp100204z

    View details for Web of Science ID 000277280400013

    View details for PubMedID 20397668

  • Experimental Study of the Rate of OH + HO2 -> H2O + O-2 at High Temperatures Using the Reverse Reaction JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Hong, Z., Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 114 (17): 5520-5525

    Abstract

    The rate constant of the reaction OH + HO(2) --> H(2)O + O(2) (1) can be inferred at high temperatures from measurements of the rate of its reverse reaction H(2)O + O(2) --> OH + HO(2) (-1). In this work, we used laser absorption of both H(2)O and OH to study the reverse reaction in shock-heated H(2)O/O(2)/Ar mixtures over the temperature range 1600-2200 K. Initial H(2)O concentrations were determined using tunable diode laser absorption near 2.5 microm, and OH concentration time-histories were measured using UV ring dye laser absorption near 306.7 nm. Detailed kinetic analysis of the OH time-history profiles yielded a value for the rate constant k(1) of (3.3 +/- 0.9) x 10(13) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)] between 1600 and 2200 K. The results of this study agree well with those reported by Srinivasan et al. (Srinivasan, N.K.; Su, M.-C.; Sutherland, J.W.; Michael, J.V.; Ruscic, B. J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 6602-6607) in the temperature regime between 1200 and 1700 K. The combination of the two studies suggests only a weak temperature dependence of k(1) above 1200 K. Data from the current study and that of Keyser (Keyser, L.F. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 1193-1200) at lower temperatures can be described by the k(1) expression proposed by Baulch et al. (Baulch, D.L.; Cobos, C.J.; Cox, R.A.; Esser, C.; Frank, P.; Just, Th.; Kerr, J.A.; Pilling, M.J.; Troe, J.; Walker, R.W.; Warnatz, J. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1992, 21, 411), k(1) = 2.89 x 10(13) exp(252/T) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)]. However, it should be noted that some previous studies suggest a k(1) minimum around 1250 K (Hippler, H.; Neunaber, H.; Troe, J. J. Chem. Phys. 1995, 103, 3510-3516) or 1000 K (Kappel, C.; Luther, K.; Troe, J. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2002, 4, 4392-4398).

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp100739t

    View details for Web of Science ID 000277053400012

    View details for PubMedID 20392098

  • High-pressure measurements of CO2 absorption near 2.7 mu m: Line mixing and finite duration collision effects JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 111 (7-8): 949-960
  • Optimization of a tracer-based PLIF diagnostic for simultaneous imaging of EGR and temperature in IC engines APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Rothamer, D. A., Snyder, J. A., Hanson, R. K., Steeper, R. R. 2010; 99 (1-2): 371-384
  • Ignition Delay Time Measurements of Normal Alkanes and Simple Oxygenates JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Davidson, D. F., Ranganath, S. C., Lam, K., Liaw, M., Hong, Z., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 26 (2): 280-287

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.44034

    View details for Web of Science ID 000276712400009

  • Chemical Nonequilibrium, Heat Transfer, and Friction in a Detonation Tube with Nozzles JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Barbour, E. A., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 26 (2): 230-239

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.44814

    View details for Web of Science ID 000276712400004

  • CW laser-induced fluorescence of toluene for time-resolved imaging of gaseous flows APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Cheung, B. H., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 98 (2-3): 581-591
  • The Influence of Wall Heat Transfer, Friction, and Condensation on Detonation Tube Performance COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Owens, Z. C., Hanson, R. K. 2010; 182 (8): 1104-1140
  • Shock Tube Laser Absorption Studies of the Decomposition of Fuel Surrogates JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting Davidson, D. F., Pilla, G., MacDonald, M. E., Hanson, R. K. 2010
  • Determination of Cycle Temperatures and Residual Gas Fraction for HCCI Negative Valve Overlap Operation SAE International Journal of Engines Fitzgerald, R. P., Steeper, R., Snyder, J., Hanson, R. K., Hessel, R. 2010; 3 (1): 124-141

    View details for DOI 10.4271/2010-01-0343

  • Measurements of CO2 concentration and temperature at high pressures using 1f-normalized wavelength modulation spectroscopy with second harmonic detection near 2.7 mu m APPLIED OPTICS Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 48 (35): 6740-6753

    Abstract

    Tunable diode lasers (TDL) near 2.7 mum are used to measure high-resolution direct absorption and wavelength modulation with second harmonic (WMS-2f) spectra at high pressures for two CO(2) transitions near 3633.08 and 3645.20 cm(-1), belonging to the nu(1)+ nu(3) vibrational band. Important factors influencing the design of a high-pressure TDL sensor and the variation of WMS-2f line shape with changes in pressure and laser parameters are discussed. Measurements of line strength and line broadening parameters are carried out for the 3645.20 cm(-1) transition in an atmospheric-pressure, high-temperature cell. A room-temperature high-pressure cell is then used to measure the pressure shift for both CO(2) transitions. Deviation of the direct absorption and wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) spectra from the Lorentzian profile is studied in a high-density (9.2 amagats) CO(2)-Ar mixture. The WMS spectra are shown to be negligibly affected by non-Lorentzian effects up to 10 atm and room temperature, in contrast with direct absorption. Measurements of CO(2) concentration and temperature are carried out in nonreactive shock-tube experiments (P approximately 8-12 atm, T~800-1200 K) to validate the accuracy and precision of wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy-based sensing. CO(2) time histories are then measured in heptane ignition experiments and compared with reaction kinetics mechanisms to demonstrate the use of this sensor in high-pressure combustion systems.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000272609700017

    View details for PubMedID 20011014

  • Mid-infrared absorption measurements of liquid hydrocarbon fuels near 3.4 mu m JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 110 (18): 2135-2147
  • Two-color-absorption sensor for time-resolved measurements of gasoline concentration and temperature APPLIED OPTICS Pyun, S. H., Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Montoya, J. C., Allen, M. G., Sholes, K. R. 2009; 48 (33): 6492-6500

    Abstract

    A midinfrared absorption sensor for crank-angle-resolved in-cylinder measurements of gasoline concentration and gas temperature for spark-ignition internal-combustion engines is reported, and design considerations and validation testing in the controlled environments of a heated cell and shock-heated gases are discussed. Mid-IR laser light was tuned to transitions in the strong absorption bands associated with C-H stretching vibration near 3.4 microm, and time-resolved fuel vapor concentration and gas temperature were determined simultaneously from the absorption at two different wavelengths. These two infrared laser wavelengths were simultaneously produced by difference-frequency generation, which combines a near-IR signal laser with two near-IR pump lasers in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. Injection current modulation of the pump lasers produced intensity modulation of the mid-IR, which allowed the transmitted signals from the two laser wavelengths to be detected on a single detector and separated by frequency demultiplexing. Injection current modulation produced a wavelength modulation synchronous with the intensity modulation for each of the laser wavelengths, and accurate measurement of the gasoline absorption signal required the effects of wavelength modulation to be considered. Validation experiments were conducted for a single-component hydrocarbon fuel (2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane, commonly known as iso-octane) and a gasoline blend in a heated static cell (300 < or = T < or = 600 K) and behind planar shock waves (600 < T < 1100 K) in a shock tube. With a bandwidth of 10 kHz, the measured fuel concentrations agreed within 5% RMS and the measured temperature agreed within 3% RMS to the known values. The 10 kHz bandwidth is sufficient to resolve 1 crank-angle degree at 1600 RPM.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000272030800014

    View details for PubMedID 19935971

  • Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Rate: A Shock Tube Study Using Tunable Laser Absorption of H2O near 2.5 mu m JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Hong, Z., Farooq, A., Barbour, E. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 113 (46): 12919-12925

    Abstract

    The thermal decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was measured behind reflected shock waves in hydrogen peroxide/inert gas mixtures using a sensitive laser diagnostic for water vapor. In these mixtures, the formation rate of water is predominantly controlled by the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide. Rate determinations were made over a temperature range of 1000-1200 K and a pressure range of 0.9-3.2 atm for both argon and nitrogen carrier gases. Good detection sensitivity for water was achieved using tunable diode laser absorption of water at 2550.96 nm within its v(3) fundamental band. Hydrogen peroxide decomposition rates were found to be independent of pressure at 0.9 and 1.7 atm and showed only slight influence of pressure at 3.2 atm. The best fit of the current data to the low-pressure-limit rate for H(2)O(2) dissociation in argon bath gas is k(1,0) = 10(15.97+/-0.10) exp(-21 220 +/- 250 K/T) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)] (1000-1200 K). Experiments conducted in a nitrogen bath gas show a relative collision efficiency of argon to nitrogen of 0.67.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp907219f

    View details for Web of Science ID 000271583100021

    View details for PubMedID 19799388

  • Calibration-free wavelength-modulation spectroscopy for measurements of gas temperature and concentration in harsh environments APPLIED OPTICS Rieker, G. B., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 48 (29): 5546-5560

    Abstract

    We present a practical implementation of calibration-free wavelength-modulation spectroscopy with second harmonic detection (WMS-2f) for measurements of gas temperature and concentration in harsh environments. The method is applicable to measurements using lasers with synchronous wavelength and intensity modulation (such as injection current-tuned diode lasers). The key factors that enable measurements without the on-site calibration normally associated with WMS are (1) normalization of the WMS-2f signal by the first harmonic (1f) signal to account for laser intensity, and (2) the inclusion of laser-specific tuning characteristics in the spectral-absorption model that is used to compare with measured 1f-normalized, WMS-2f signals to infer gas properties. The uncertainties associated with the calibration-free WMS method are discussed, with particular emphasis on the influence of pressure and optical depth on the WMS signals. Many of these uncertainties are also applicable to calibrated WMS measurements. An example experimental setup that combines six tunable diode laser sources between 1.3 and 2.0 mum into one probe beam for measurements of temperature, H(2)O, and CO(2) is shown. A hybrid combination of wavelength and frequency demultiplexing is used to distinguish among the laser signals, and the optimal set of laser-modulation waveforms is presented. The system is demonstrated in the harsh environment of a ground-test scramjet combustor. A comparison of direct absorption and 1f-normalized, WMS-2f shows a factor of 4 increase in signal-to-noise ratio with the WMS technique for measurements of CO(2) in the supersonic flow. Multidimensional computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) calculations are compared with measurements of temperature and H(2)O using a simple method that accounts for the influence of line-of-sight (LOS) nonuniformity on the absorption measurements. The comparisons show the ability of the LOS calibration-free technique to gain useful information about multidimensional CFD models.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000270667800018

    View details for PubMedID 19823239

  • The effect of oxygenates on soot formation in rich heptane mixtures: A shock tube study FUEL Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., VASU, S. S., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 88 (10): 1901-1906
  • High-Temperature Shock Tube Measurements of Dimethyl Ether Decomposition and the Reaction of Dimethyl Ether with OH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 113 (37): 9974-9980

    Abstract

    We measured the first high-temperature rate measurements of two dimethyl ether (DME) reactions, (1) DME + Ar --> CH3O + CH3 + Ar and (2) DME + OH --> CH3OCH2 + H2O, in a shock tube by monitoring OH radicals. OH was measured with a narrow-line width laser absorption diagnostic using the well-known R1(5) line of the A-X(0,0) transition at 306.7 nm. The rate k1 is in the falloff regime at high temperatures, so it was measured at several pressures from 0.6 to 11.5 atm and temperatures from 1349 to 1790 K. OH radicals were formed by shock-heating mixtures of DME and O2 in Ar. These mixtures take advantage of the rapid decomposition of the product CH3O, forming H-atoms, which react with O2 to form OH. In carefully chosen mixtures, OH concentration is primarily sensitive to k1 and the well-known rate of H + O2 --> OH + O. Uncertainty in the k1 measurements was estimated to be +/-35%. The rate measurements were then modeled using RRKM theory, which describes the data quite well. Both the rate measurements and the RRKM model were fit from 1000 to 1800 K using the Troe falloff form: k(1,infinity)(T) = (4.38 x 10(21))T(-1.57) exp(-42,220 K/T) s(-1), k(1,o) = 7.52 x 10(15) exp(-21,537 K/T) cm3 mol(-1) s(-1), and F(cent) = 0.454 exp(-T/2510). The rate of k2 was measured at pressures near 1.6 atm and temperatures from 923 to 1423 K. OH radicals were generated by the thermal decomposition of the OH precursor tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), and k2 was inferred from the observed decay of OH with an estimated uncertainty of +/-40%. The high-temperature measurements were compared with several rate evaluations and previous low-temperature measurements. The rate evaluation by Curran et al. of k2 = (6.32 x 10(6))T2 exp(328 K/T) (cm3 mol(-1) s(-1)) was found to be an excellent fit to both the previous low-temperature measurements and this work.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp902403n

    View details for Web of Science ID 000269656000005

    View details for PubMedID 19694474

  • Mid-infrared laser-absorption diagnostic for vapor-phase measurements in an evaporating n-decane aerosol APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 97 (1): 215-225
  • Recent advances in shock tube/laser diagnostic methods for improved chemical kinetics measurements SHOCK WAVES Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 19 (4): 271-283
  • Contact surface tailoring condition for shock tubes with different driver and driven section diameters SHOCK WAVES Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 19 (4): 331-336
  • Sensitive detection of temperature behind reflected shock waves using wavelength modulation spectroscopy of CO2 near 2.7 mu m APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 96 (1): 161-173
  • The use of driver inserts to reduce non-ideal pressure variations behind reflected shock waves SHOCK WAVES Hong, Z., Pang, G. A., Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 19 (2): 113-123
  • OH time-histories during oxidation of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane at high pressures and temperatures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 156 (4): 736-749
  • Jet fuel ignition delay times: Shock tube experiments over wide conditions and surrogate model predictions (vol 152, pg 125, 2008) COMBUSTION AND FLAME Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 156 (4): 946-946
  • Simultaneous imaging of exhaust gas residuals and temperature during HCCI combustion PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Rothamer, D. A., Snyder, J. A., Hanson, R. K., Steeper, R. R., Fitzgerald, R. P. 2009; 32: 2869-2876
  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensing of NO near 5.2 μm and CO near 2.3 μm in Combustion Exhaust Gases 6th U.S. National Meeting on Combustion Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Rate Measurements of DME Decomposition and DME + OH at Elevated Temperatures 6th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Boundary Layer Entrainment and Combustion in a Transverse Jet in Supersonic Crossflow 62nd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics Heltsley, W. N., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Mixing and Reaction of Jets in Supersonic Crossflows 12th EUROMECH European Turbulence Conference Heltsley, W. N., Do, H., Snyder, J. A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Control of Instabilities in a Swirl-Stabilized Flame with a Tunable Diode Laser Temperature Sensor Nihon Nensho Gakkaishi (J. of Combustion Society of Japan) Li, H., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 50 (154): 289-296
  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensing in Harsh Environments: Applications to Propulsion and Combustion invited plenary at 6th U.S. National Meeting on Combustion Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Measurements in a Fluidized-Bed Gasifier 26th International Pittsburgh Coal Conference Jeffries, J. B., Fahrland, A., Min, W., Hanson, R. K., Sweeney, D., Wagner, D., Whitty, K. J. 2009
  • Ex Situ Analysis of Shock Wave Induced Damage to Bacillus Globigli (GB) Endospores poster at 2009 Chem. & Biol. Defense Science & Tech. Conf. Gates, S. D., McCartt, A. D., Lappas, P., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Hokama, L. A., Mortelmans, K. E. 2009
  • In Situ Measurements of Shock Wave Interactions with Endospore-laden Aerosol poster at 2009 Chem. & Biol. Defense Science & Tech. Conf. McCartt, A. D., Gates, S. D., Lappas, P., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., 2009
  • Near-wall Combustion Zones of a Transverse Jet in Supersonic Crossflow poster at 2009 DFD meeting of APS Heltsley, W. N., Gamba, M., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Some Aspects of Toluene Ignition: Experiments and Modeling 6th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009
  • Species Time-History Measurements During n-Heptane Oxidation behind Reflected Shock Waves 6th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Davidson, D. F., Hong, Z., Pilla, G. L., Farooq, A., Cook, R. D., Hanson, R. K., 2009
  • Analytic Model for Single-Cycle Detonation Tube with Diverging Nozzles JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Barbour, E. A., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 25 (1): 162-172

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.35420

    View details for Web of Science ID 000262843200016

  • Measurements of high-pressure CO2 absorption near 2.0 mu m and implications on tunable diode laser sensor design APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Rieker, G. B., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 94 (1): 51-63
  • Two-wavelength mid-IR absorption diagnostic for simultaneous measurement of temperature and hydrocarbon fuel concentration PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Klingbeil, A. E., Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 32: 821-829
  • Experimental study and modeling of shock tube ignition delay times for hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures at low temperatures PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Pang, G. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 32: 181-188
  • Diode laser-based detection of combustor instabilities with application to a scramjet engine PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Rieker, G. B., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Mathur, T., Gruber, M. R., Carter, C. D. 2009; 32: 831-838
  • n-Dodecane oxidation at high-pressures: Measurements of ignition delay times and OH concentration time-histories PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hong, Z., Vasudevan, V., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 32: 173-180
  • Application of an aerosol shock tube to the measurement of diesel ignition delay times PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Haylett, D. R., Lappas, P. P., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 32: 477-484
  • An experimental and computational study of methyl ester decomposition pathways using shock tubes PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Farooq, A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Huynh, L. K., Violi, A. 2009; 32: 247-253
  • Shock Tube Study of Methylcyclohexane Ignition over a Wide Range of Pressure and Temperature ENERGY & FUELS Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hong, Z., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 23 (1): 175-185

    View details for DOI 10.1021/ef800694g

    View details for Web of Science ID 000263629900026

  • Shock tube measurements of ignition delay times and OH time-histories in dimethyl ether oxidation PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Cook, R. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2009; 32: 189-196
  • Temperature- and composition-dependent mid-infrared absorption spectrum of gas-phase gasoline: Model and measurements FUEL Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 87 (17-18): 3600-3609
  • Fluorescence quantum yield of carbon dioxide for quantitative UV laser-induced fluorescence in high-pressure flames APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Lee, T., Bessler, W. G., Yoo, J., Schulz, C., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 93 (2-3): 677-685
  • Two-wavelength mid-IR diagnostic for temperature and n-dodecane concentration in an aerosol shock tube APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 93 (2-3): 627-638
  • Development of an aerosol shock tube for kinetic studies of low-vapor-pressure fuels COMBUSTION AND FLAME Davidson, D. F., Haylett, D. R., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 155 (1-2): 108-117
  • High-temperature shock tube study of the reactions CH3+OH -> products and CH3OH+Ar -> products INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Vasudevan, V., Cook, R. D., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 2008; 40 (8): 488-495

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20334

    View details for Web of Science ID 000257769400004

  • In situ combustion measurements of H2O and temperature near 2.5 mu m using tunable diode laser absorption MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 19 (7)
  • Measurements of near-UV absorption spectra of acetone and 3-pentanone at high temperatures JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Koch, J. D., Gronki, J., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 109 (11): 2037-2044
  • Detection of trace nitric oxide concentrations using 1-D laser-induced fluorescence imaging APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Yoo, J., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 91 (3-4): 661-667
  • A simple reactive gasdynamic model for the computation of gas temperature and species concentrations behind reflected shock waves INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Li, H., Owens, Z. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 40 (4): 189-198

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20305

    View details for Web of Science ID 000254068600003

  • CO2 concentration and temperature sensor for combustion gases using diode-laser absorption near 2.7 mu m APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 90 (3-4): 619-628
  • Jet fuel ignition delay times: Shock tube experiments over wide conditions and surrogate model predictions COMBUSTION AND FLAME Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. E., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 152 (1-2): 125-143
  • Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Diagnostics for CO2 and H2O in the 2.5-2.9 μm Spectral Region WIP poster at 32nd Symp (Int.) on Combustion Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • 2.3 μm Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Measurement of CO in Combustion Gases WIP poster at 32nd Symp (Int.) on Combustion Chao, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Hypersonic mass-flux sensing with fiber-coupled tunable diode lasers for ground test applications and flight evaluation NASA ARMD Hypersonics NRA Review November Hanson, Ronald, K., Jeffries, Jay, B., Chang, L. 2008
  • Shock Tube Studies of n-Alkane Oxidation and Pyrolysis: Development of a Fundamental Kinetic Database for Jet Fuels and Surrogates JANNAF 4th Liquid Propulsion Joint Meeting Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • OH Time-History Absorption Measurements at High Pressures and Temperatures behind Reflected Shocks during Methylcyclohexane Oxidation Western States Section of the Combustion Institute-Spring Meeting Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Shock Tube Study of Soot Formation in Rich Heptane/Oxygen Mixtures with DME/Acetone/Butanol/3-Pentanone Additives 32nd International Symposium on Combustion Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Vasu, S. S., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Mapping the Combustion Stability Regimes of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon Jets in Supersonic Crossflow with OH-PLIF 14th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Heltsley, W. N., Snyder, J. A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Two-Wavelength PLIF Diagnostic for Temperature and Composition SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants Rothamer, D. A., Snyder, J. A., Hanson, R. K., Steeper, R. R. 2008; 1 (1): 520-533

    View details for DOI 10.4271/2008-01-1067

  • Time-Resolved N-decane Vapor Concentration Measurement of CO in a Shock-Heated Evaporating Aerosol WIP poster at 32nd Symp (Int.) on Combustion Porter, J. M., Pilla, G. L., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Investigation of the High Temperature Thermal Stability of Kerosenes using Shock Tubes JANNAF 4th Liquid Propulsion Joint Meeting Davidson, D. F., MacDonald, M. E., Hanson, R. K. 2008
  • Dispersion, Activation and Destruction of Airborne Biological Threats: Laboratory Studies of the Interaction of Spore-Laden Aerosols with Shock/Blast Waves poster #146 at Chemical and Biological Defense Physical Science and Technology Conference Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Davidson, D. F., Lappas, P., McCartt, A. D., Strand, C., Hokama, L. A., Mortelmans, K. E. 2008
  • Diode laser measurements of temperature-dependent collisional-narrowing and broadening parameters of Ar-perturbed H2O transitions at 1391.7 and 1397.8 nm JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Li, H., Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2008; 109 (1): 132-143
  • Shock tube study of the reaction of CH with N-2: Overall rate and branching ratio JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasudevan, V., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M., Davidson, D. F. 2007; 111 (46): 11818-11830

    Abstract

    We have studied the reaction between CH and N2, (1) CH + N2 --> products, in shock tube experiments using CH and NCN laser absorption. CH was monitored by continuous-wave, narrow-line-width laser absorption at 431.1 nm. The overall rate coefficient of the CH + N2 reaction was measured between 1943 and 3543 K, in the 0.9-1.4 atm pressure range, using a CH perturbation approach. CH profiles recorded upon shock-heating dilute mixtures of ethane in argon and acetic anhydride in argon were perturbed by the addition of nitrogen. The perturbation in the CH concentration was principally due to the reaction between CH and N2. Rate coefficients for the overall reaction were inferred by kinetically modeling the perturbed CH profiles. A least-squares, two-parameter fit of the current overall rate coefficient measurements was k1 = 6.03 x 1012 exp(-11150/T [K]) (cm3 mol-1 s-1). The uncertainty in k1 was estimated to be approximately +/-25% and approximately +/-35% at approximately 3350 and approximately 2100 K, respectively. At high temperatures, there are two possible product channels for the reaction between CH and N2, (1a) CH + N2 --> HCN + N and (1b) CH + N2 --> H + NCN. The large difference in the rates of the reverse reactions enabled inference of the branching ratio of reaction 1, k1b/(k1b + k1a), in the 2228-2905 K temperature range by CH laser absorption in experiments in a nitrogen bath. The current CH measurements are consistent with a branching ratio of 1 and establish NCN and H as the primary products of the CH + N2 reaction. A detailed and systematic uncertainty analysis, taking into account experimental and mechanism-induced contributions, yields a conservative lower bound of 0.70 for the branching ratio. NCN was also detected by continuous-wave, narrow-line-width laser absorption at 329.13 nm. The measured NCN time histories were used to infer the rate coefficient of the reaction between H and NCN, H + NCN --> HCN + N, and to estimate an absorption coefficient for the NCN radical.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp075638c

    View details for Web of Science ID 000250967800012

    View details for PubMedID 17958405

  • Near-infrared diode laser absorption sensor for rapid measurements of temperature and water vapor in a shock tube APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Li, H., Farooq, A., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 89 (2-3): 407-416
  • Temperature-dependent mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous hydrocarbons JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 107 (3): 407-420
  • Diode-laser sensor for air-mass flux 1: Design and wind-tunnel validation AIAA JOURNAL Lyle, K. H., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 45 (9): 2204-2212

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.26360

    View details for Web of Science ID 000249451700010

  • Diode-laser sensor for air-mass flux 2: Nonuniform flow modeling and aeroengine tests AIAA JOURNAL Lyle, K. H., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Winter, M. 2007; 45 (9): 2213-2223

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.27683

    View details for Web of Science ID 000249451700011

  • High-temperature shock tube measurements of methyl radical decomposition JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasudevan, V., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M., Bowman, C. T., Davidson, D. F. 2007; 111 (19): 4062-4072

    Abstract

    We have studied the two-channel thermal decomposition of methyl radicals in argon, involving the reactions CH3 + Ar --> CH + H2 + Ar (1a) and CH3 + Ar --> CH2 + H + Ar (1b), in shock tube experiments over the 2253-3527 K temperature range, at pressures between 0.7 and 4.2 atm. CH was monitored by continuous-wave, narrow-line-width laser absorption at 431.1311 nm. The collision-broadening coefficient for CH in argon, 2gamma(CH-Ar), was measured via repeated single-frequency experiments in the ethane pyrolysis system behind reflected shock waves. The measured 2gamma(CH-Ar) value and updated spectroscopic and molecular parameters were used to calculate the CH absorption coefficient at 431.1311 nm (23194.80 cm(-1)), which was then used to convert raw traces of fractional transmission to quantitative CH concentration time histories in the methyl decomposition experiments. The rate coefficient of reaction 1a was measured by monitoring CH radicals generated upon shock-heating highly dilute mixtures of ethane, C2H6, or methyl iodide, CH3I, in an argon bath. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism was used to model the measured CH time histories. Within experimental uncertainty and scatter, no pressure dependence could be discerned in the rate coefficient of reaction 1a in the 0.7-4.2 atm pressure range. A least-squares, two-parameter fit of the current measurements, applicable between 2706 and 3527 K, gives k(1a) (cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)) = 3.09 x 1015 exp[-40700/T (K)]. The rate coefficient of reaction 1b was determined by shock-heating dilute mixtures of C2H6 or CH3I and excess O2 in argon. During the course of reaction, OH radicals were monitored using the well-characterized R(1)(5) line of the OH A-X (0,0) band at 306.6871 nm (32606.52 cm(-1)). H atoms generated via reaction 1b rapidly react with O2, which is present in excess, forming OH. The OH traces are primarily sensitive to reaction 1b, reaction 9 (H + O2 --> OH + O) and reaction 10 (CH3 + O2 --> products), where the rate coefficients of reactions 9 and 10 are relatively well-established. No pressure dependence could be discerned for reaction 1b between 1.1 and 3.9 atm. A two-parameter, least-squares fit of the current data, valid over the 2253-2975 K temperature range, yields the rate expression k(1b) (cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)) = 2.24 x 10(15) exp[-41600/T (K)]. Theoretical calculations carried out using a master equation/RRKM analysis fit the measurements reasonably well.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp0677187

    View details for Web of Science ID 000246341200040

    View details for PubMedID 17388279

  • Shock-induced behavior in micron-sized water aerosols PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Hanson, T. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 19 (5)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.2736082

    View details for Web of Science ID 000246892700035

  • A diode laser sensor for rapid, sensitive measurements of gas temperature and water vapour concentration at high temperatures and pressures MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Rieker, G. B., Li, H., Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Allen, M. G., Wehe, S. D., Mulhall, P. A., Kindle, H. S. 2007; 18 (5): 1195-1204
  • Measurements of spectral parameters of water-vapour transitions near 1388 and 1345 nm for accurate simulation of high-pressure absorption spectra MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 18 (5): 1185-1194
  • Design of a fiber-coupled mid-infrared fuel sensor for pulse detonation engines AIAA JOURNAL Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 45 (4): 772-778

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.26504

    View details for Web of Science ID 000245345400005

  • Measurements of near-IR water vapor absorption at high pressure and temperature APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Rieker, G. B., Liu, X., Li, H., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 87 (1): 169-178
  • Experimental study of H2O spectroscopic parameters in the near-IR (6940-7440cm(-1)) for gas sensing applications at elevated temperature JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Liu, X., Zhou, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 103 (3): 565-577
  • Wavelength-scanned tunable diode laser temperature measurements in a model gas turbine combustor AIAA JOURNAL Zhou, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Li, G., Gutmark, E. J. 2007; 45 (2): 420-425

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.26624

    View details for Web of Science ID 000244146200012

  • Thermal decomposition of toluene: Overall rate and branching ratio PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 31: 211-219
  • Shock Tube Studies of Soot Formation in Rich Heptane/Oxygen Mixtures with DME/Acetone/Butanal Additives WSS/CI Fall Meeting Hong, Z., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Facilities for the Validation of Line-of-Sight Combustion Gas Monitors for Coal-Fire Boilers 17th Annual Joint ISA POWID/EPRI Controls and Instrumentation Conference and 50th Annual ISA POWID Symposium Hanson, R. K., Haswell, J., Himes, R., Jeffries, J. B., Muncy, J., Padgett, E., Sorge, J. N. 2007
  • Two-wavelength mid-IR Absorption Sensor for Simultaneous Temperature and n-Heptane Concentration Experiments 5th U.S. Combustion Meeting Klingbeil, A. E., Porter, J. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Methylcyclohexane Oxidation: Shock Tube Experiments and Modeling Over a Wide Range of Conditions 5th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Vasu, S. S., Parikh, N. N., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Jet Fuel Ignition Delay Times: Shock Tube Investigations at High Pressures 21st Int. Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Shock Tube Ignition Delay Times for Hydrogen-Oxygen-Argon Mixtures at Low Temperatures and Elevated Pressures WSS/CI Fall Meeting Pang, G. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Detection of Trace NO Conditions using 1-D NO-LIF Imaging 5th U.S. Combustion Meeting Yoo, J. H., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Optimized Two-Line Tracer PLIF Measurements of Temperature and Composition in an IC engine WSS/CI Fall Meeting Rothamer, D. A., Snyder, J. A., Steeper, R. R., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Comparison of Wavelength Modulation and Direct Absorption Spectroscopy for Measurements of Gas Temperature in a Scramjet Combustor 5th U.S. Combustion Meeting Rieker, G. B., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Experimental evaluation of strategies for quantitative laser-induced-fluorescence imaging of nitric oxide in high-pressure flames (1-60 bar) PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 31: 757-764
  • High-temperature measurements of the rates of the reactions CH2O+Ar -> Products and CH2O+O-2 -> Products PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Vasudevan, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 2007; 31: 175-183
  • Tunable mid-IR laser absorption sensor for time-resolved hydrocarbon fuel measurements PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 31: 807-815
  • In-cylinder gas temperature and water concentration measurements in HCCI engines using a multiplexed-wavelength diode-laser system: Sensor development and initial demonstration PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Mattison, D. W., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Steeper, R. R., De Zilwa, S., Dec, J. E., Sjoberg, M., Hwang, W. 2007; 31: 791-798
  • Rapid measurements of temperature and H2O concentration in IC engines with a spark plug-mounted diode laser sensor PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Rieker, G. B., Li, H., Liu, X., Liu, J. T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Allen, M. G., Wehe, S. D., Mulhall, P. A., Kindle, H. S., Kakuho, A., Sholes, K. R., Matsuura, T., Takatani, S. 2007; 31: 3041-3049
  • Methyl concentration time-histories during iso-octane and n-heptane oxidation and pyrolysis PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Davidson, D. F., Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 31: 321-328
  • Active control of lean blowout in a swirl-stabilized combustor using a tunable diode laser PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE Li, H., Zhou, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2007; 31: 3215-3223
  • Investigation of the reaction of toluene with molecular oxygen in shock-heated gases COMBUSTION AND FLAME Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 147 (3): 195-208
  • Fuel distribution effects on pulse detonation engine operation and performance JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Brophy, C. M., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 22 (6): 1155-1161

    View details for DOI 10.2514/1.18713

    View details for Web of Science ID 000242469900002

  • Measurement of reflected-shock bifurcation over a wide range of gas composition and pressure SHOCK WAVES Petersen, E. L., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 15 (5): 333-340
  • Experimental investigation of toluene plus H -> benzyl plus H-2 at high temperatures JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 110 (32): 9867-9873

    Abstract

    The reaction of toluene with hydrogen atoms yielding benzyl and molecular hydrogen, C(6)H(5)CH(3) + H --> C(6)H(5)CH(2) + H(2), was investigated using UV laser absorption of benzyl radicals at 266 nm in shock tube experiments. Test gas mixtures of toluene and ethyl iodide, an H-atom source, diluted in argon were heated in reflected shock waves to temperatures ranging from 1256 to 1667 K at total pressures around 1.7 bar. Measurement of laser absorption at 266 nm due to benzyl radicals allowed determination of the rate coefficient of the title reaction, reaction 1. A two-parameter best-fit Arrhenius expression for the rate determinations over the temperature range of these experiments is given by k(1)(T) = 1.33 x 10(15) exp(-14880 [cal/mol]/RT) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)]. With the use of both the high-temperature shock tube measurements reported here and the rate coefficient determination of Ellis et al. (Ellis, C.; Scott, M. S.; Walker, R. W. Combust. Flame 2003, 132, 291) at 773 K the best-fit rate coefficient for reaction 1 can be described using a three-parameter Arrhenius expression by k(1)(T) = 6.47T (3.98) exp(-3384 [cal/mol]/RT) [cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)].

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp062567t

    View details for Web of Science ID 000239655800012

    View details for PubMedID 16898688

  • Temperature- and pressure-dependent absorption cross sections of gaseous hydrocarbons at 3.39 mu m MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Klingbeil, A. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 17 (7): 1950-1957
  • High-temperature thermal decomposition of benzyl radicals JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 110 (21): 6649-6653

    Abstract

    The thermal decomposition of the benzyl radical was studied in shock tube experiments using ultraviolet laser absorption at 266 nm for detection of benzyl. Test gas mixtures of 50 and 100 ppm of benzyl iodide dilute in argon were heated in reflected shock waves to temperatures ranging from 1430 to 1730 K at total pressures around 1.5 bar. The temporal behavior of the 266 nm absorption allowed for determination of the benzyl absorption cross-section at 266 nm and the rate coefficient for benzyl decomposition, C6H5CH2 --> C7H6 + H. The rate coefficient for benzyl decomposition at 1.5 bar can be described using a two-parameter Arrhenius expression by k1(T) = 8.20 x 10(14) exp(-40 600 K/T) [s(-1)], and the benzyl absorption cross-section at 266 nm was determined to be sigma(benzyl) = 1.9 x 10(-17) cm2 molecule(-1) with no discernible temperature dependence over the temperature range of the experiments.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp0553961

    View details for Web of Science ID 000237831500011

    View details for PubMedID 16722678

  • Development of a tunable diode laser sensor for measurements of gas turbine exhaust temperature APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Hinckley, K. M., Woodmansee, M. A. 2006; 82 (3): 469-478
  • Extension of wavelength-modulation spectroscopy to large modulation depth for diode laser absorption measurements in high-pressure gases APPLIED OPTICS Li, H. J., Rieker, G. B., Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 45 (5): 1052-1061

    Abstract

    Tunable diode laser absorption measurements at high pressures by use of wavelength-modulation spectroscopy (WMS) require large modulation depths for optimum detection of molecular absorption spectra blended by collisional broadening or dense spacing of the rovibrational transitions. Diode lasers have a large and nonlinear intensity modulation when the wavelength is modulated over a large range by injection-current tuning. In addition to this intensity modulation, other laser performance parameters are measured, including the phase shift between the frequency modulation and the intensity modulation. Following published theory, these parameters are incorporated into an improved model of the WMS signal. The influence of these nonideal laser effects is investigated by means of wavelength-scanned WMS measurements as a function of bath gas pressure on rovibrational transitions of water vapor near 1388 nm. Lock-in detection of the magnitude of the 2f signal is performed to remove the dependence on detection phase. We find good agreement between measurements and the improved model developed for the 2f component of the WMS signal. The effects of the nonideal performance parameters of commercial diode lasers are especially important away from the line center of discrete spectra, and these contributions become more pronounced for 2f signals with the large modulation depths needed for WMS at elevated pressures.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000235387400028

    View details for PubMedID 16512549

  • Time evolution and mixing characteristics of hydrogen and ethylene transverse jets in supersonic crossflows PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Ben-Yakar, A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2006; 18 (2)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.2139684

    View details for Web of Science ID 000235663700019

  • Advances in Diode Laser Sensors for Combustion and Propulsion Invited School of Mech. Engring. Dept. Seminar Hanson, R. K. 2006
  • Diode Laser Sensors for Combustion and Propulsion Flows JANNAF-41st Comb. Subcommittee/29th Airbreathing Prop. Subcommittee/23rd Prop. Sys. Hazards Subcommittee Meeting Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B. 2006
  • Selection of NIR H2O absorption transitions for in-cylinder measurement of temperature in IC engines MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Zhou, X., Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 16 (12): 2437-2445
  • Near-infrared diode laser absorption diagnostic for temperature and water vapor in a scramjet combustor APPLIED OPTICS Liu, J. T., Rieker, G. B., Jeffries, J. B., Gruber, M. R., Carter, C. D., Mathur, T., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 44 (31): 6701-6711

    Abstract

    Tunable diode laser absorption measurements of gas temperature and water concentration were made at the exit of a model scramjet combustor fueled on JP-7. Multiplexed, fiber-coupled, near-infrared distributed feedback lasers were used to probe three water vapor absorption features in the 1.34-1.47 microm spectral region (2v1 and vl + v3 overtone bands). Ratio thermometry was performed using direct-absorption wavelength scans of isolated features at a 4-kHz repetition rate, as well as 2f wavelength modulation scans at a 2-kHz scan rate. Large signal-to-noise ratios demonstrate the ability of the optimally engineered optical hardware to reject beam steering and vibration noise. Successful measurements were made at full combustion conditions for a variety of fuel/air equivalence ratios and at eight vertical positions in the duct to investigate spatial uniformity. The use of three water vapor absorption features allowed for preliminary estimates of temperature distributions along the line of sight. The improved signal quality afforded by 2f measurements, in the case of weak absorption, demonstrates the utility of a scanned wavelength modulation strategy in such situations.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000232938000020

    View details for PubMedID 16270559

  • Development of a fast temperature sensor for combustion gases using a single tunable diode laser APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Zhou, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 81 (5): 711-722
  • Measurement of aerosol size distribution functions by wavelength-multiplexed laser extinction APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Ma, L., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 81 (4): 567-576
  • High-temperature UV absorption of methyl radicals behind shock waves JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 92 (4): 393-402
  • High-temperature measurements of the reactions of OH with toluene and acetone JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Vasudevan, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 109 (15): 3352-3359

    Abstract

    The reaction of hydroxyl [OH] radicals with toluene [C6H5CH3] was studied at temperatures between 911 and 1389 K behind reflected shock waves at pressures of approximately 2.25 atm. OH radicals were generated by rapid thermal decomposition of shock-heated tert-butyl hydroperoxide [(CH3)3-CO-OH], and monitored by narrow-line width ring dye laser absorption of the well-characterized R1(5) line of the OH A-X (0,0) band near 306.7 nm. OH time histories were modeled by using a comprehensive toluene oxidation mechanism. Rate constants for the reaction of C6H5CH3 with OH were extracted by matching modeled and measured OH concentration time histories in the reflected shock region. Detailed error analyses yielded an uncertainty estimate of +/-30% at 1115 K for the rate coefficient of this reaction. The current high-temperature data were fit with the lower temperature measurements of Tully et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 2262-2269] to the following two-parameter form, applicable over 570-1389 K: k3 = (1.62 x 10(13)) exp(-1394/T [K]) [cm3 mol(-1) s(-1)]. The reaction between OH radicals and acetone [CH3COCH3] was one of the secondary reactions encountered in the toluene + OH experiments. Direct high-temperature measurements of this reaction were carried out at temperatures ranging from 982 to 1300 K in reflected shock wave experiments at an average total pressure of 1.65 atm. Uncertainty limits were estimated to be +/-25% at 1159 K. A two-parameter fit of the current data yields the following rate expression: k6 = (2.95 x 10(13)) exp(-2297/T [K]) [cm3 mol(-1) s(-1)].

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp0501143

    View details for Web of Science ID 000228407700012

    View details for PubMedID 16833670

  • Effect of heat loss on pulse-detonation-engine flow fields and performance JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Radulescu, M. I., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 21 (2): 274-285
  • Direct measurements of the reaction OH+CH2O -> HCO+H(2)Oat high temperatures INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Vasudevan, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 37 (2): 98-109

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20056

    View details for Web of Science ID 000226341900006

  • Toluene LIF at elevated temperatures: implications for fuel-air ratio measurements APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Koban, W., Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K., Schulz, C. 2005; 80 (2): 147-150
  • Quantitative Temperature Measurements in High-Pressure Flames with Multi-Line NO-LIF Thermometer Joint Meeting of U.S. Sections of Combustion Institute Lee, T., Bessler, W., Kronemayer, H., Schulz, C., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • Shock tube measurements and modeling of ignition delay time in lean iso-octane/air 25th International Symposium on Shock Waves Vasu, S. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensors for Harsh Combustion Environments with Applications to Pulse Detonation Engines and Internal Combustion Engines Joint Meeting of U.S. Sections of Combustion Institute Mattison, D. W., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • Rapid Measurements of Gas Temperature in a Swirl-Stabilized Flame Joint Meeting of U.S. Sections of Combustion Institute Zhou, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Lu, Q., Gutmark, E. J. 2005
  • High-Temperature Measurements of the Rates of the Reactions CH2O+M= Products and CH2O+O2= Products WSS/CI Fall Meeting Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 2005
  • High Temperature Measurements of the Reactions of OH with Toluene and Acetone 25th Int. Symp. on Shock Waves Vasudevan, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • High Temperature Measurements of Elementary OH Radical Reactions Joint Meeting of U.S. Sections of Combustion Institute Vasudevan, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • Advances in Diode Laser Sensors for Combustion and Propulsion WSS/CI Fall Meeting Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B. 2005
  • Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Sensor Applications to Aeropropulsion Testing NATO Applied Vehicle Technology Meeting Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B., Allen, M. G. 2005
  • Methyl Concentration Time Histories during iso-Octane and n-Heptane Oxidation WSS/CI Fall Meeting Davidson, D. F., Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Hanson, R. K. 2005
  • Temperature Measurement using Ultraviolet Absorption of Carbon Dioxide behind Shock Waves Applied Optics Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 44 (31): 6599-6605

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.44.006599

  • Carbon dioxide thermal decomposition: Observation of incubation ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2005; 219 (5): 555-567
  • Oxygen quenching of toluene fluorescence at elevated temperatures APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Koban, W., Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K., Schulz, C. 2005; 80 (6): 777-784
  • Large-modulation-depth 2f spectroscopy with diode lasers for rapid temperature and species measurements in gases with blended and broadened spectra APPLIED OPTICS Liu, J. T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 43 (35): 6500-6509

    Abstract

    A method that uses tunable diode lasers is developed for rapid temperature and concentration measurements of gases with highly broadened and congested spectra. Wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy with 2f detection is utilized, because this derivative method offers benefits in dealing with blended spectral features. The 2f signal depends critically on the modulation depth of the laser alpha, which is increased to values above those typically achieved when wavelength modulation spectroscopy with diode lasers is performed. The 2f method with large modulation depths is validated by using near-IR diode lasers to probe pressure-broadened water-vapor features in the 1.4-microm region over a range of temperatures from 296 to 800 K and at pressures as high as 20 atm. Modulation depths as high as alpha = 0.8 cm(-1) are attained at modulation frequencies of 50 kHz and measurement bandwidths of 15 kHz. Comparisons of experimental results with 2f simulations, based on the HITRAN spectral database, provide confirmation of the capability of this method for rapid measurements of gas temperature and species concentration.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000225661400018

    View details for PubMedID 15617289

  • Shock tube determination of ignition delay times in full-blend and surrogate fuel mixtures COMBUSTION AND FLAME Gauthier, B. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 139 (4): 300-311
  • Ultraviolet absorption cross-sections of hot carbon dioxide CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 399 (4-6): 490-495
  • Rayleigh-calibrated fluorescence quantum yield measurements of acetone and 3-pentanone APPLIED OPTICS Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K., Koban, W., Schulz, C. 2004; 43 (31): 5901-5910

    Abstract

    We measured fluorescence quantum yields of acetone and 3-pentanone as a pure gas and with nitrogen diluent at room temperature at 20, 507, and 1013 mbar using 248, 266, and 308 nm excitation by calibrating the optical collection system with Rayleigh scattering from nitrogen. At 20 mbar with 308-nm excitation, the fluorescence quantum yields for acetone and 3-pentanone are 7 +/- 1 x 10(-4) and 1.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(-3), respectively, and each decreases with decreasing excitation wavelength. These directly measured values are significantly lower than earlier ones that were based on a chain of relative measurements. The observed pressure and excitation wavelength dependence is in qualitative agreement with a previously developed fluorescence quantum yield model, but the absolute numbers disagree. Changing acetone's fluorescence rate constant to 3 x 10(5) s(-1) from its previous value of 8 x 10(5) s(-1) resulted in good agreement between our measurements and the model.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000224779900020

    View details for PubMedID 15540449

  • Near-infrared diode laser hydrogen fluoride monitor for dielectric etch JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A Xu, N., Pirkle, D. R., Jeffries, J. B., McMillin, B., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 22 (6): 2479-2486

    View details for DOI 10.1116/1.1809124

    View details for Web of Science ID 000225505900045

  • Mixing efficiency measurements using a modified cold chemistry technique EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 37 (4): 566-576
  • Interpreting shock tube ignition data INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 36 (9): 510-523

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.20024

    View details for Web of Science ID 000223297200006

  • Comment on "analytical model for the impulse of single-cycle pulse detonation tube" JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Radulescu, M. I., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 20 (5): 956-957
  • UV planar laser induced fluorescence imaging of hot carbon dioxide in a high-pressure flame APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Lee, T., Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Patel, M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 79 (4): 427-430
  • Diode laser-induced infrared fluorescence of water vapour MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Li, H. J., Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B. 2004; 15 (7): 1285-1290
  • Absorption and fluorescence of toluene vapor at elevated temperatures PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS Koban, W., Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K., Schulz, C. 2004; 6 (11): 2940-2945
  • High-temperature thermal decomposition of isobutane and n-butane behind shock waves JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 108 (19): 4247-4253

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp0313627

    View details for Web of Science ID 000221302900012

  • Validation of a thermal decomposition mechanism of formaldehyde by detection of CH2O and HCO behind shock waves INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Friedrichs, G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 36 (3): 157-169

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.10183

    View details for Web of Science ID 000189245700003

  • Shock tube measurements of branched alkane ignition times and OH concentration time histories INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Herbon, J. T., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 36 (2): 67-78

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.10173

    View details for Web of Science ID 000188088300001

  • Wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy with 2f detection using multiplexed diode lasers for rapid temperature measurements in gaseous flows APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Liu, J. T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004; 78 (3-4): 503-511
  • Determination of O2, CO and H2O Concentration and Gas Temperature in a Coal-fired Utility Boiler using a Wavelength-multiplexed Tunable Diode Laser Sensor poster at 30th Int. Combustion Symp. Sappey, A., Howell, J., Masterson, P., Hofvander, H., Jeffries, J. B., Zhou, X., Hanson, R. K. 2004
  • The Impact of Heat Transfer on PDE Performance and its Associated Flowfield poster at 30th Int. Combustion Symp. Barbour, E. A., Owens, Z. C., Morris, C. I., Hanson, R. K. 2004
  • FARLIF: Myths and Reality poster at 30th Int. Combustion Symp. Koban, W., Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K., Schulz, C. 2004
  • Quantitative Multi-Line NO-LIF Temperature Imaging in Flames over a Wide Pressure Range Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis Bessler, W. G., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004
  • UV Absorption of CO2 for Temperature Diagnostics Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis Barbour, E., Oehlsclaeger, M. A., Mattison, D. W., Davidson, F. F., Schulz, C., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2004
  • Shock Tube Measurements of Ignition Delay Times in N-Heptane, Gasoline and Surrogate Fuel Mixtures poster at 30th Int. Combustion Symp. Gauthier, B. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2004
  • Nitric-oxide planar laser-induced fluorescence applied to low-pressure hypersonic flow fields for the imaging of mixture fraction APPLIED OPTICS Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 42 (33): 6682-6695

    Abstract

    The scalar-field imaging of a hypersonic mixing flow is performed in a mixing facility that is shock tunnel driven. The instantaneous mixture-fraction field of a hypersonic two-dimensional mixing layer (M1 = 5.1, M2 = 0.3) is determined with a temperature-insensitive planar laser-induced fluorescence technique with nitric oxide (NO) as the tracer species. Single-shot images are obtained with the broadband excitation of a reduced temperature-sensitivity transition in the A2 sigma+ <-- X2 II(1/2) (0, 0) band of NO near 226 nm. The instantaneous mixture-fraction field at a convective Mach number of 2.64 is shown to be nearly identical to a typical diffusive process, supporting the notion of gradient-transport mixing models for highly compressible mixing layers.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000186612400019

    View details for PubMedID 14658473

  • In situ measurements of HCl during plasma etching of poly-silicon using a diode laser absorption sensor MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Kim, S., Klimecky, P., Jeffries, J. B., Terry, F. L., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 14 (9): 1662-1670
  • Strategies for laser-induced fluorescence detection of nitric oxide in high-pressure flames. III. Comparison of A-X excitation schemes APPLIED OPTICS Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 42 (24): 4922-4936

    Abstract

    Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) has proven a reliable technique for nitric oxide (NO) diagnostics in practical combustion systems. However, a wide variety of different excitation and detection strategies are proposed in the literature without giving clear guidelines of which strategies to use for a particular diagnostic situation. We give a brief review of the high-pressure NO LIF diagnostics literature and compare strategies for exciting selected transitions in the A-X(0, 0), (0, 1), and (0, 2) bands using a different detection bandpass. The strategies are compared in terms of NO LIF signal strength, attenuation of laser and signal light in the hot combustion gases, signal selectivity against LIF interference from O2 and CO2, and temperature and pressure sensitivity of the LIF signal. The discussion is based on spectroscopic measurements in laminar premixed methane-air flames at pressures between 1 and 60 bars and on NO and O2 LIF spectral simulations.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000184940000019

    View details for PubMedID 12952340

  • Development of a sensor for temperature and water concentration in combustion gases using a single tunable diode laser MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Zhou, X., Liu, X., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 14 (8): 1459-1468
  • Carbon dioxide UV laser-induced fluorescence in high-pressure flames CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 375 (3-4): 344-349
  • A shock tube study of the reaction NH2+CH4 -> NH3+CH3 and comparison with transition state theory INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Song, S. H., Golden, D. M., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Senosiain, J. P., Musgrave, C. B., Friedrichs, G. 2003; 35 (7): 304-309

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.10131

    View details for Web of Science ID 000183601300004

  • Pulse detonation engine characterization and control using tunable diode-laser sensors JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Mattison, D. W., Brophy, C. M., Sanders, S. T., Ma, L., Hinckley, K. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 19 (4): 568-572
  • Temperature and excitation wavelength dependencies of 3-pentanone absorption and fluorescence for PLIF applications APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K. 2003; 76 (3): 319-324
  • UV Laser-induced Fluorescence of Carbon Dioxide in High-Pressure Flames 3rd Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections of the Combustion Institute Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003
  • Shock Tube Measurements of Ethane, Propane and Butane Decomposition using Laser Absorption of CH3 Fall WSS/CI meeting Oehlschlaeger, M. A., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2003
  • Strategies for Quantitative NO Concentration and Temperature Measurements by NO LIF in High-Pressure Flames 3rd Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections of the Combustion Institute Bessler, W. G., Lee, T., Schulz, C., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2003
  • A Shock Tube Study of Iso-Octane and Toluene Ignition at High Pressures Fall 2003 WSS/CI meeting Gauthier, B. M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2003
  • A shock tube study of the product branching ratio of the NH2+NO reaction at high temperatures JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Song, S. H., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., GOLDEN, D. M. 2002; 106 (40): 9233-9235

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp020943d

    View details for Web of Science ID 000178506700012

  • Quantitative NO-LIF imaging in high-pressure flames APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Shin, D. I., Hofmann, M., Jeffries, J. B., Wolfrum, J., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 75 (1): 97-102
  • Characterization of expansion tube flows for hypervelocity combustion studies JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Ben-Yakar, A., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 18 (4): 943-952
  • A shock tube study of benzylamine decomposition: Overall rate coefficient and heat of formation of the benzyl radical JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Song, S., GOLDEN, D. M., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 2002; 106 (25): 6094-6098

    View details for DOI 10.1021/jp0200851

    View details for Web of Science ID 000176356400017

  • Strategies for laser-induced fluorescence detection of nitric oxide in high-pressure flames. I. A-X(0,0) excitation APPLIED OPTICS Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 41 (18): 3547-3557

    Abstract

    Three different high-pressure flame measurement strategies for NO laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with A-X(0,0) excitation have been studied previously with computational simulations and experiments in flames up to 15 bars. Interference from O2 LIF is a significant problem in lean flames for NO LIF measurements, and pressure broadening and quenching lead to increased interference with increased pressure. We investigate the NO LIF signal strength, interference by hot molecular oxygen, and temperature dependence of the three previous schemes and for two newly chosen excitation schemes with wavelength-resolved LIF measurements in premixed methane and air flames at pressures between 1 and 60 bars and a range of fuel/air ratios. In slightly lean flames with an equivalence ratio of 0.83 at 60 bars, the contribution of O2 LIF to the NO LIF signal varies between 8% and 29% for the previous schemes. The O2 interference is best suppressed with excitation at 226.03 nm.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000176274200009

    View details for PubMedID 12078680

  • Wavelength-agile diode-laser sensing strategies for monitoring gas properties in optically harsh flows: application in cesium-seeded pulse detonation engine OPTICS EXPRESS Sanders, S. T., Mattison, D. W., Ma, L., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 10 (12): 505-514

    Abstract

    The rapid, broad wavelength scanning capabilities of advanced diode lasers allow extension of traditional diode-laser absorption techniques to high pressure, transient, and generally hostile environments. Here, we demonstrate this extension by applying a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) to monitor gas temperature and pressure in a pulse detonation engine (PDE). Using aggressive injection current modulation, the VCSEL is scanned through a 10 cm-1 spectral window at megahertz rates - roughly 10 times the scanning range and 1000 times the scanning rate of a conventional diode laser. The VCSEL probes absorption lineshapes of the ~ 852 nm D2 transition of atomic Cs, seeded at ~ 5 ppm into the feedstock gases of a PDE. Using these lineshapes, detonated-gas temperature and pressure histories, spanning 2000 - 4000 K and 0.5 - 30 atm, respectively, are recorded with microsecond time response. The increasing availability of wavelength-agile diode lasers should support the development of similar sensors for other harsh flows, using other absorbers such as native H2O.

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OE.10.000505

    View details for Web of Science ID 000176231400003

    View details for PubMedID 19436388

  • Ultra-fast-framing schlieren system for studies of the time evolution of jets in supersonic crossflows EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Ben-Yakar, A., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 32 (6): 652-666
  • Direct measurements of the reaction H+CH2O -> H-2+HCO behind shock waves by means of Vis-UV detection of formaldehyde INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Friedrichs, G., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 34 (6): 374-386
  • Ultraviolet absorption spectra of shock-heated carbon dioxide and water between 900 and 3050 K CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS Schulz, C., Koch, J. D., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 355 (1-2): 82-88
  • High-sensitivity absorption diagnostic for NO2 using a blue diode laser JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Liu, J. T., Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B. 2002; 72 (5): 655-664
  • Study of the high-temperature autoignition of n-alkane/O-2/Ar mixtures JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Horning, D. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 18 (2): 363-371
  • Linear excitation schemes for IR planar-induced fluorescence imaging of CO and CO2 APPLIED OPTICS Kirby, B. J., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 41 (6): 1190-1201

    Abstract

    A detailed discussion of linear excitation schemes for IR planar-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging of CO and CO2 is presented. These excitation schemes are designed to avoid laser scattering, absorption interferences, and background luminosity while an easily interpreted PLIF signal is generated. The output of a tunable optical parametric amplifier excites combination or overtone transitions in these species, and InSb IR cameras collect fluorescence from fundamental transitions. An analysis of the dynamics of pulsed laser excitation demonstrates that rotational energy transfer is prominent; hence the excitation remains in the linear regime, and standard PLIF postprocessing techniques may be used to correct for laser sheet inhomogeneities. Analysis of the vibrational energy-transfer processes for CO show that microsecond-scale integration times effectively freeze the vibrational populations, and the fluorescence quantum yield following nanosecond-pulse excitation can be made nearly independent of the collisional environment. Sensitivity calculations show that the single-shot imaging of nascent CO in flames is possible. Signal interpretation for CO2 is more complicated, owing to strongly temperature-dependent absorption cross sections and strongly collider-dependent fluorescence quantum yield. These complications limit linear CO2 IR PLIF imaging schemes to qualitative visualization but indicate that increased signal level and improved quantitative accuracy can be achieved through consideration of laser-saturated excitation schemes.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000173934400032

    View details for PubMedID 11900144

  • Evolution and growth of large-scale structures in high compressibility mixing layers JOURNAL OF TURBULENCE Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 3
  • Quantitative detection of HCO behind shock waves: The thermal decomposition of HCO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS Friedrichs, G., Herbon, J. T., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2002; 4 (23): 5778-5788

    View details for DOI 10.1039/b205692e

    View details for Web of Science ID 000179237500011

  • Laser-based Diagnostics and Scalar Imaging in High Compressibility Shear Layers 11th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2002
  • Quantitative NO-LIF Imaging in High-Pressure Flames in Optical and Laser Diagnostics, (Inst. of Physics, Bristol, PA, 2003), presented at 1st Int. Conf. on Optical and Laser Diagnostics (ICOLAD) Bessler, W., G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Shin, D., I., Hofmann, M., Jeffries, J., B., Hanson, R. K. City University, London. 2002: 107–114
  • Quantitative Temperature Imaging using NO-LIF in Flames at Elevated Pressures (1-60 bar) 6th Int. Workshop on Measurement and Computation for Turbulent Non-premixed Flames Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Shin, D., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2002
  • 3-Pentanone Photophysics for PLIF Applications: Temperature Dependences and Limitations Spring meeting of WSS/CI Koch, J. D., Hanson, R. K. 2002
  • Strategies for NO Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Methane-Air Flames at Pressures between 1 and 60 bar Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Shin, D., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2002

    View details for DOI 10.1364/LACEA.2002.FB4

  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensing and Combustion Control Applied Combustion Diagnostics Allen, M. G., Furlong, E. R., Hanson, R. K. edited by Kohse-Höinghaus, K., Jeffries, J. B. Taylor and Francis, NY. 2002: 479–798
  • Characterization of Fuel Loading in Combustion Systems using Diode-Laser Sensors Spring meeting of WSS/CI Ma, L., Sanders, S. T., Jeffries, J. B., Romo, E. A., Hanson, R. K. 2002
  • Laser Diagnostics for Combustion and Propulsion Distinguished Lecture Series Hanson, R. K. 2002
  • CO2 imaging with saturated planar laser-induced vibrational fluorescence APPLIED OPTICS Kirby, B. J., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 40 (33): 6136-6144

    Abstract

    We present new vibrational (infrared) planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging techniques for CO(2) that use a simple, inexpensive, high-pulse-energy transversely excited atmospheric CO(2) laser to saturate a CO(2) absorption transition at 10.6 mum. Strong excitation by use of a CO(2) laser provides increased signal levels at flame temperatures and simplifies image interpretation. Because rotational energy transfer and intramodal vibrational energy transfer are fast, vibrational distributions can be approximated by use of a simple three-temperature model. Imaging results from a 425 K unsteady transverse CO(2) jet and a laminar coflowing CO/H(2) diffusion flame with temperatures near 1500 K are presented. If needed, temperature-insensitive signal levels can be generated with a two-laser technique. These results illustrate the potential for saturated infrared PLIF in a variety of flows.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000172242900021

    View details for PubMedID 18364913

  • Soot pyrometry using modulated absorption/emission COMBUSTION AND FLAME Jenkins, T. P., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 126 (3): 1669-1679
  • HBr concentration and temperature measurements in a plasma etch reactor using diode laser absorption spectroscopy JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Collison, W. Z., Ni, T. Q. 2001; 19 (2): 477-484
  • High Compressibility Mixing Layer Studies in a Shock Tunnel Driven Facility 23rd Int. Symp.on Shock Waves Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Mixing Efficiency and Mean Temperature Measurements in a High Compressibility Mixing Layer 54th Annual Meeting of the Division of Fluid Dynamics Rossmann, T., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Simultaneous imaging of temperature and mole fraction using acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Thurber, M. C., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 30 (1): 93-101
  • Nonideal effects behind reflected shock waves in a high-pressure shock tube SHOCK WAVES Petersen, E. L., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 10 (6): 405-420
  • Ignition Time Correlations for n-Alkane/O2/Ar Mixtures 23rd Symp. (Int.) on Shock Waves Horning, D. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Diode-laser absorption sensor for line-of-sight gas temperature distributions Applied Optics Sanders, S. T., Wang, J., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 40 (24): 4404-4415

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.40.004404

  • Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection of Nitric Oxide in High-pressure Flames with A-X (0,1) Excitation Joint Meeting of Combustion Institute Bessler, W. G., Schulz, C., Lee, T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Diode Laser Sensors for Detonation Flows 23rd Symp. (Int.) on Shock Waves Sanders, S. T., Thurichengode, M. M., Mattison, D. W., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Advanced Laser Diagnostics for Reactive Flows invited plenary lecture, Int. Conf. on Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Measurements of NH3 and CO2 with Distributed-Feedback Diode Lasers Near 2.0 m in Bioreactor Vent Gases Applied Optics Webber, M. E., Claps, R., Englich, F. W., Tittel, F. K., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 40: 4395-4403

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.40.004395

  • Shock Tube Determination of the Overall Ratio of NH2 and NO Products in the Thermal DeNox Temperature Window Joint Meeting of Combustion Institute Song, S., Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Golden, D. M. 2001
  • Diode-Laser Sensors for Pulse Detonation Engines Joint Meeting of Combustion Institute Sanders, S. T., Mattison, D. W., Ma, L., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Shock Tube Study of the High-Temperature Thermal Decomposition of n-Alkanes 23rd Symp. (Int.) on Shock Waves Horning, D. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Measurements of Reflected Shock Bifurcation in a High-Pressure Shock Tube 23rd Int. Symp.on Shock Waves Petersen, E. L., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Diode Lasers for Combustion Sensing and Control invited plenary lecture, Int. Conf. on Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Rapid Temperature-Tuning of a 1.4 μm Diode Laser with Application to High Pressure H2O Absorption Spectroscopy Optics Letters Sanders, S. T., Mattison, D. W., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 26 (20): 1568-1570

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.26.001568

  • Oxygen Measurements at High Pressures using Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Applied Physics B Wang, J., Sanders, S. T., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 72 (7): 865-872

    View details for DOI 10.1007/s003400100539

  • In situ combustion measurements of CO2 by use of a distributed-feedback diode-laser sensor near 2.0 µm Applied Optics Webber, M. E., Kim, S., Sanders, S. T., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Ikeda, Y. 2001; 40 (6): 821-828

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.40.000821

  • Ammonia monitoring near 1.5 µm with diode-laser absorption sensors Applied Optics Webber, M. E., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 40 (12): 2031-2042

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.40.002031

  • Measurements of Collision-Shift in Absorption Transitions of the A-X (0,0) Band Using a Shock Tube 23rd Symp. (Int.) on Shock Waves Herbon, J. T., Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • Shock Tube Determination of the Overall Rate of NH2 + NO => Products in the Thermal De-NOx Temperature Window International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Song, S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 2001; 33 (11): 715-721

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.1068

  • OH concentration time histories in n-alkane oxidation International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Davidson, D. F., Herbon, J. T., Horning, D. C., Hanson, R. K. 2001; 33 (12): 775–783

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.10000

  • Experimental Study and Modeling of the Reaction H + O2 + M => HO2+ M (M = Ar, N2, H2O) at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures between 1050 and 1200K Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Bates, R. W., Golden, D. M., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 2001; 3 (12): 2337-2342

    View details for DOI 10.1039/b010002l

  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensing for Combustion Monitoring and Control invited plenary lecture, Joint International Combustion Symposium Hanson, R. K. 2001
  • A potential remote sensor of CO in vehicle exhausts using 2.3 mu m diode lasers MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Wang, J., Maiorov, M., Jeffries, J. B., Garbuzov, D. Z., Connolly, J. C., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 11 (11): 1576-1584
  • Multiplexed continuous-wave diode-laser cavity ringdown measurements of multiple species APPLIED OPTICS Totschnig, G., Baer, D. S., Wang, J., Winter, F., Hofbauer, H., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 39 (12): 2009-2016

    Abstract

    Rapid cavity ringdown measurements of multiple broadband absorbing species (methanol and isopropanol) in gas mixtures have been recorded with two multiplexed continuous-wave distributed-feedback diode lasers operating near 1.4 mum. A measurement sensitivity of 2.4 x 10(-9) cm(-1) for a 4.3-s averaging time was achieved in a 39.5-cm-long static cell with 99.94% reflectivity mirrors. This corresponds to a water-vapor detection limit of less than 2 ppb (parts in 10(9)) for the strong H(2)O lines near 1.4 mum. The shot-to-shot noise of the decay time constant tau was approximately 0.3-0.7%, and ringdown acquisition rates as great as 900 Hz were achieved.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000086598500020

    View details for PubMedID 18345101

  • High-resolution measurements of HBr transitions in the first overtone band using tunable diode lasers JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 200 (1): 138-142

    Abstract

    High-resolution absorption lineshapes of the R(7) and P(2) transitions in the first overtone (v = 0-2) band of H(79)Br have been recorded at room temperature using a pair of distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.95 and 2.00 µm, respectively. Spectral line intensities and self-broadening coefficients were determined by fitting the measured spectra (for various pressures P = 10-100 Torr) with Voigt profiles and compared with values in the literature. Measured line intensities for the P(2) and R(7) transitions are approximately 11 and 16% higher than those listed in the HITRAN database, respectively. The measured self-broadening coefficient of the P(2) transition is approximately 14% lower than the value listed in HITRAN. Measurements of the P(2) lineshapes at low pressure (100 mTorr) were modeled with eight-line Gaussian profiles based on ground state (v = 0) hyperfine constants to include the effects of nuclear electric quadrupole interactions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000085653800015

  • High-Resolution Measurements of HBr Transitions in the First Overtone Band Using Tunable Diode Lasers. Journal of molecular spectroscopy Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 200 (1): 138-142

    Abstract

    High-resolution absorption lineshapes of the R(7) and P(2) transitions in the first overtone (v = 0-2) band of H(79)Br have been recorded at room temperature using a pair of distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.95 and 2.00 µm, respectively. Spectral line intensities and self-broadening coefficients were determined by fitting the measured spectra (for various pressures P = 10-100 Torr) with Voigt profiles and compared with values in the literature. Measured line intensities for the P(2) and R(7) transitions are approximately 11 and 16% higher than those listed in the HITRAN database, respectively. The measured self-broadening coefficient of the P(2) transition is approximately 14% lower than the value listed in HITRAN. Measurements of the P(2) lineshapes at low pressure (100 mTorr) were modeled with eight-line Gaussian profiles based on ground state (v = 0) hyperfine constants to include the effects of nuclear electric quadrupole interactions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

    View details for DOI 10.1006/jmsp.1999.8038

    View details for PubMedID 10662585

  • Measurements of temperature-dependent argon-broadened half-widths of H2O transitions in the 7117 cm(-1) region JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Nagali, V., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 64 (6): 651-655
  • In situ combustion measurements of CO with diode-laser absorption near 2.3 µm Applied Optics Wang, J., Maiorov, M., Baer, D. S., Garbuzov, D. Z., Connolly, J. C., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 39 (30): 5579-5589

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.39.005579

  • In Situ CO Exhaust Measurements using Diode Laser Absorption near 2.3 µm OSA Annual Meeting Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Garbuzov, D. Z., Connolly, J. C. 2000
  • In-Situ Combustion Diagnostics using Diode Laser Absorption Sensors Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis Webber, M. E., Kim, S., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 2000

    View details for DOI 10.1364/LACEA.2000.SuA5

  • Excitation Schemes for Infrared PLIF Imaging of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science Kirby, B. J., Hanson, R. K. 2000
  • Measurements of CO, CO2 and H2O Combustion Emissions and Flame Temperature using Diode Laser Sensors ACS National Meeting, Envir. Chem. Symp. Webber, M. E., Sanders, S. T., Baer, D. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Maiorov, M., Garbuzov, D. Z., Connolly, J. C. 2000
  • Numerical Simulations and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging Results of Hypersonic Reactive Flows Journal of Propulsion and Power Toshimitsu, K., Matsuo, A., Kamel, M. R., Morris, C. I., Hanson, R. K. 2000; 16: 16-21

    View details for DOI 10.2514/2.5558

  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensors for Industrial Combustion Monitoring American Flame Research Committee (AFRC) Int. Symp. DeBarber, P., McKenzie, R. L., Hanson, R. K., Jeffries, J. B., Webber, M. E. 2000
  • Vibrational Overtone Spectroscopy of NH3 for Industrial Sensors using DFB Diode Lasers OSA Annual Meeting Webber, M. E., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2000
  • Diode Laser-Based Measurements for Model Validation in Pulse Detonation Flows JANNAF Joint Meeting Jenkins, T. P., Sanders, S. T., Kailasaneth, K., Li, C., Hanson, R. K. 2000
  • Shock Tubes and Lasers: New Opportunities for High Temperature Kinetics Studies Invited Plenary Lecture, 16th Inter. Symp. on Gas Kinetics Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K. 2000
  • In Situ Measurements of CO, CO2, H2O Combustion Emissions with Diode Laser Sensors E.P.A./ Air and Waste Management Association Symp. Wang, J., Webber, M. E., Sanders, S. T., Baer, D. S., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K. 2000
  • Shock-tube study of high-pressure H2O spectroscopy APPLIED OPTICS Nagali, V., Herbon, J. T., Horning, D. C., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 38 (33): 6942-6950

    Abstract

    Water-vapor absorption features near 7117, 7185, and 7462 cm(-1) were probed at pressures to 65 atm (1 atm = 760 Torr) and temperatures to 1800 K in shock-heated mixtures of H(2)O in N(2) and Ar with a diode-laser source. Calculated absorbances based on Voigt line shapes and measured line parameters were in good agreement, within 10%, with measured absorbances at 7185.4 and 7117.4 cm(-1). We obtained temperature-dependent N(2) and Ar shift parameters for H(2)O absorption features by shifting the calculated spectra to match the recorded absorption scan. Absorbance simulations based on line parameters from HITRAN and HITEMP were found to be similar over the range of temperatures 600-1800 K and were within 25% of the measurements. The combined use of Toth's [Appl. Opt. 36, 4851 (1994)] line positions and strengths and HITRAN broadening parameters resulted in calculated absorption coefficients that were within 15% of the measurements at all three probed wavelengths.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000083743900019

    View details for PubMedID 18324237

  • Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging of carbon monoxide using vibrational (infrared) transitions APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Kirby, B. J., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 69 (5-6): 505-507
  • Pressure and composition dependences of acetone laser-induced fluorescence with excitation at 248, 266, and 308 nm APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Thurber, M. C., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 69 (3): 229-240
  • Diode-laser sensor for velocity measurements in hypervelocity flows AIAA JOURNAL Wehe, S. D., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 37 (8): 1013-1015
  • Diode-laser measurements of He-, Ar-, and N-2-broadened HF lineshapes in the first overtone band JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 196 (1): 70-76

    Abstract

    High-resolution lineshapes of the HF P(3) and P(6) transitions (2-0 band) have been recorded in a 14.9-cm long absorption cell (T = 296 K) using a pair of (InGaAsP)-distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.31 and 1.34 µm, respectively. The absorption lineshapes were least-squares fit to Voigt, Rautian, and Galatry profiles to determine the collision widths and velocity-changing collision frequencies for the perturbers He, Ar, and N2. Motional narrowing was observed for the He-broadened lineshapes over a range of total pressures from 50 to 646 Torr. The Ar- and N2-broadened spectra showed a strong narrowing effect for pressures less than 400 Torr. At higher pressures, narrowing parameters could not be reliably determined due to the relatively large Ar- and N2-pressure broadening. The collision widths inferred from Voigt-profile fits were systematically less than those determined from Rautian and Galatry fits (up to 25% for the He-broadened P(6) transition). The measured pressure-induced broadening and shift coefficients were compared with other experimental data and full-quantal close-coupling (CC) scattering cross-section calculations. The measured Ar-broadening half-widths were in excellent agreement with calculated values, while the measured shifts were 10 and 20% less than calculated values for the P(3) and P(6) transitions, respectively. The measured N2-broadening and shift coefficients agree reasonably well with values determined from previous experiments. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000081004300007

  • Diode-Laser Measurements of He-, Ar-, and N2-Broadened HF Lineshapes in the First Overtone Band. Journal of molecular spectroscopy Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 196 (1): 70-76

    Abstract

    High-resolution lineshapes of the HF P(3) and P(6) transitions (2-0 band) have been recorded in a 14.9-cm long absorption cell (T = 296 K) using a pair of (InGaAsP)-distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.31 and 1.34 µm, respectively. The absorption lineshapes were least-squares fit to Voigt, Rautian, and Galatry profiles to determine the collision widths and velocity-changing collision frequencies for the perturbers He, Ar, and N2. Motional narrowing was observed for the He-broadened lineshapes over a range of total pressures from 50 to 646 Torr. The Ar- and N2-broadened spectra showed a strong narrowing effect for pressures less than 400 Torr. At higher pressures, narrowing parameters could not be reliably determined due to the relatively large Ar- and N2-pressure broadening. The collision widths inferred from Voigt-profile fits were systematically less than those determined from Rautian and Galatry fits (up to 25% for the He-broadened P(6) transition). The measured pressure-induced broadening and shift coefficients were compared with other experimental data and full-quantal close-coupling (CC) scattering cross-section calculations. The measured Ar-broadening half-widths were in excellent agreement with calculated values, while the measured shifts were 10 and 20% less than calculated values for the P(3) and P(6) transitions, respectively. The measured N2-broadening and shift coefficients agree reasonably well with values determined from previous experiments. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

    View details for DOI 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7847

    View details for PubMedID 10361058

  • Diode-laser absorption measurements of hydrazine and monomethylhydrazine JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Webber, M. E., Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Segall, J., DeBarber, P. A. 1999; 62 (4): 511-522
  • Sensitive detection of NH2 in shock tube experiments using frequency modulation spectroscopy INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Votsmeier, M., Song, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 31 (6): 445-453
  • Spectral intensity and lineshape measurements in the first overtone band of HF using tunable diode lasers JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 195 (1): 123-131

    Abstract

    High-resolution absorption lineshapes for the P(3) and P(6) transitions of the first overtone (v = 2-0) band of HF at 296 K have been measured using a pair of distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.31 and 1.34 µm, respectively. Spectral line intensities and self-broadening parameters were determined by fitting the measured spectra with Voigt, Galatry, and Rautian lineshape models. Voigt profiles fit the low-pressure (<10 Torr) spectra of the P(3) transition reasonably well due to the relatively strong collisional broadening effect. Lineshape measurements of the P(6) transition (for pressures ranging from 5 to 60 Torr) show significant variation from the Voigt lineshape model due to velocity-changing collisions that effectively reduce the Doppler component of the spectral line. Lineshape models that include motional (Dicke) narrowing effects, Galatry (soft collision) and Rautian (hard collision) profiles yield significant improvements in the spectral lineshape fits compared with Voigt profiles. The collisional broadening coefficient (gamma) of the P(6) transition obtained from a Voigt fit is approximately 4% lower than those found with either Galatry or Rautian profile fits. The measured intensities and self-broadening coefficients are compared with values in the HITRAN database and previous measurements. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000079924700009

  • Spectral Intensity and Lineshape Measurements in the First Overtone Band of HF Using Tunable Diode Lasers. Journal of molecular spectroscopy Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 195 (1): 123-131

    Abstract

    High-resolution absorption lineshapes for the P(3) and P(6) transitions of the first overtone (v = 2-0) band of HF at 296 K have been measured using a pair of distributed feedback diode lasers operating near 1.31 and 1.34 µm, respectively. Spectral line intensities and self-broadening parameters were determined by fitting the measured spectra with Voigt, Galatry, and Rautian lineshape models. Voigt profiles fit the low-pressure (<10 Torr) spectra of the P(3) transition reasonably well due to the relatively strong collisional broadening effect. Lineshape measurements of the P(6) transition (for pressures ranging from 5 to 60 Torr) show significant variation from the Voigt lineshape model due to velocity-changing collisions that effectively reduce the Doppler component of the spectral line. Lineshape models that include motional (Dicke) narrowing effects, Galatry (soft collision) and Rautian (hard collision) profiles yield significant improvements in the spectral lineshape fits compared with Voigt profiles. The collisional broadening coefficient (gamma) of the P(6) transition obtained from a Voigt fit is approximately 4% lower than those found with either Galatry or Rautian profile fits. The measured intensities and self-broadening coefficients are compared with values in the HITRAN database and previous measurements. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

    View details for DOI 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7805

    View details for PubMedID 10191156

  • Shock tube study of monomethylamine thermal decomposition and NH2 high temperature absorption coefficient INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Votsmeier, M., Song, S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 31 (5): 323-330
  • A shock tube study of the product branching ratio for the reaction NH2+NO using frequency-modulation detection of NH2 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A Votsmeier, M., Song, S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1999; 103 (11): 1566-1571
  • Gas Temperature and Velocity Measurements in Hypervelocity Flows Using Diode-Laser Absorption Sensors 22nd Int’l. Shock Tube and Shock Wave Symp. Wehe, S. D., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Chadwick, K. M. 1999
  • Ignition Delay Times of Ram Accelerator CH/O/Diluent Mixtures Journal of Propulsion and Power Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1999; 15: 82-91

    View details for DOI 10.2514/2.5394

  • Shock Tube Ignition Time Measurements for n-Heptane/Oxygen/Argon Mixtures with and without Additives Joint Meeting of U.S. Combustion Institute Sections Davidson, D. F., Hitch, B., Horning, D. C., Hanson, R. K. 1999
  • Fundamental Investigations of Pulsed Detonation Phenomena JANNAF 36th CS/APS/PSHS Joint Meeting Williams, F. A., Hanson, R. K., Segal, C. 1999
  • Shock Tube Ignition Time Measurements for n-heptane/O2/Ar with and without Additives 22nd Int’l. Shock Tube and Shock Wave Symp. Davidson, D. F., Horning, D. C., Hanson, R. K., Hitch, B. 1999
  • Shock Tube Study of the Reaction NH2 + NO -> Products using Frequency Modulation Detection of NH2: Product Branching Ratio and Overall Rate Coefficient Joint Meeting of U.S. Combustion Institute Sections Song, S., Votsmeier, M., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M., 1999
  • Diode-laser absorption measurements of CO2, H2O, N2O, and NH3 near 2.0 mu m APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Mihalcea, R. M., Webber, M. E., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Feller, G. S., Chapman, W. B. 1998; 67 (3): 283-288
  • CH-radical concentration measurements in fuel-rich CH4/O-2/Ar and CH4/O-2/NO/Ar mixtures behind shock waves COMBUSTION AND FLAME Woiki, D., Votsmeier, M., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1998; 113 (4): 624-626
  • A diode-laser absorption sensor system for combustion emission measurements MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998; 9 (3): 327-338
  • Application of method of characteristics to underexpanded, freejet flows with vibrational nonequilibrium AIAA JOURNAL Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1998; 36 (2): 193-200
  • Measurement of the Third-Body Efficiency of Water for the H + O2 + M -> HO2 + M Reaction at 35 atm and 1200 K poster at 27th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion Bates, R. W., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 1998
  • Optimized Kinetics Mechanism and Calculator for Natural Gas Combustion GRI-Mech 3.0 American Flame Research Committee Smith, G. P., Golden, D. M., Frenklach, M., Goldenberg, M., Moriarity, N., Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Gardiner, W. C., Lissianski, V., Seruskas, R. V. 1998
  • Continuously Tunable, Single Mode, External Cavity Diode Lasers at 2 μm Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis Feller, G. S., Wu, I. F., Menna, R. J., Martinelli, R. U., Connolly, J. C., Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Diode Laser Sensors for Combustion Measurements and Control Advances in Chemical Propulsion Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. edited by Roy, G. D. 1998
  • Measurements and modeling of acetone laser-induced fluorescence with implications for temperature-imaging diagnostics Applied Optics Thurber, M. C., Grisch, F., Kirby, B. J., Votsmeier, M., Hanson, R. K. 1998; 37 (21): 4963-4978

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.37.004963

  • Advanced Diode-Laser Sensors for Closed-Loop Control of a Forced-Vortex Combustor Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science Furlong, E. R., Mihalcea, R. M., Webber, M. E., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Measurements of Gas Temperature and Velocity in High Enthalpy Flows using a Diode Laser Absorption Sensor Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science Wehe, S. D., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Investigation of Shock-Induced Combustion in Hypersonic Wedge Flows WSS/CI Morris, C. I., Kamel, M. R., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Experimental Investigation of Hydrogen-Air Autoignition and Flame Stabilization in Hypervelocity Flows WSS/CI Ben-Yakar, A., Kamel, M., Morris, C. I., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Diode-Laser Absorption Measurements of CO2, H2O and N2O near 2 μm Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Feller, G. S. 1998
  • Diode Laser Sensor for Combustion Emissions Monitoring SPIE/VSJ Mihalcea, R. M., Webber, M. E., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Simultaneous PIV and PLIF Measurements in Nonpremixed Transverse Jet Flames 9th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Hasselbrink, E. F., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Diode-laser absorption measurements of CO2 near 2.0 μm at elevated temperatures Applied Optics Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998; 37 (36): 8341-8347

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.37.008341

  • Diode-Laser Sensing System for Combustion Monitoring Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1998
  • Combustion Diagnostics in Propulsion Combustion: Fuels to Emissions, Chap. 9 Parr, T. P., Hanson, R. K. edited by Roy, G. D. Taylor and Francis, Washington, DC. 1998: 281–320
  • Simultaneous Planar Velocity Measurements and OH Imaging in a Transverse Jet Flame Journal of Visualization Hasselbrink, E. F., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1998; 1 (1): 65-77

    View details for DOI 10.1007/BF03182475

  • Design of a diode-laser sensor to monitor water vapor in high-pressure combustion gases APPLIED OPTICS Nagali, V., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 36 (36): 9518-9527

    Abstract

    The design of a diode-laser sensor to monitor water vapor in high-pressure combustion gases is described. The sensor, which employs a multiple-fixed-wavelength absorption strategy, has the potential to simultaneously monitor the water mole fraction and the temperature and pressure in high-pressure and high-temperature environments. The conventional scanned-wavelength strategy, employed in previous diode-laser sensors, is shown to be ill-suited for high-pressure applications. The application of impact and additive approximations in the modeling of H(2)O absorption features at high pressures is validated experimentally for number densities as high as 18 amagats. Criteria to select optimum wavelength combinations for the fixed-wavelengths strategy are discussed. Optimum wavelength combinations that meet these criteria are identified for different temperature and pressure ranges of interest to combustion applications. The proposed sensor configuration and a strategy to obtain the baseline (zero absorption intensity) in high-pressure environments are also described. Line-shape models that are appropriate for different temperature and pressure regimes are identified.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1997YL30200024

    View details for PubMedID 18264514

  • Diode laser sensor for measurements of CO, CO2, and CH4 in combustion flows APPLIED OPTICS Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 36 (33): 8745-8752

    Abstract

    A diode laser sensor has been applied to monitor CO, CO(2), and CH(4) in combustion gases with absorption spectroscopy and fast extraction-sampling techniques. Survey spectra of the CO 3nu band (R branch) and the 2nu(1) + 2nu(2)(0) + nu(3) CO(2) band (R branch) near 6350 cm(-1) and H(2)O lines from the nu(1) + 2nu(2) and 2nu(2) + nu(3) bands in the spectral region from 6345 to 6660 cm(-1) were recorded and compared with calculated spectra (from the HITRAN 96 database) to select optimum transitions for species detection. Species concentrations above a laminar, premixed, methane-air flame were determined from measured absorption in a fast-flow multipass absorption cell containing probe-sampled combustion gases; good agreement was found with calculated chemical equilibrium values.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1997YF88600029

    View details for PubMedID 18264424

  • Laser-induced fluorescence study of a xenon Hall thruster APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS Cedolin, R. J., Hargus, W. A., Storm, P. V., Hanson, R. K., Cappelli, M. A. 1997; 65 (4-5): 459-469
  • Temperature imaging with single- and dual-wavelength acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence OPTICS LETTERS Thurber, M. C., Grisch, F., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 22 (4): 251-253

    Abstract

    Two sensitive techniques for temperature imaging by use of acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence, applicable at temperatures up to 1000 K, are introduced and demonstrated. Photophysics data on the wavelength-dependent temperature variation of acetone fluorescence permit the implementation of a single-wavelength technique in environments with constant pressure and constant acetone mole fraction, and a dual-wavelength method can be applied in flows with mixing and (or) chemical reaction. Preliminary imaging results are presented for acetone-air flow over a heated cylinder (single-wavelength strategy) and for a heated laminar jet (dual-wavelength strategy).

    View details for Web of Science ID A1997WH24600019

    View details for PubMedID 18183166

  • Diode-laser measurements of temperature-dependent half-widths of H2O transitions in the 1.4 μm region Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer Nagali, V., Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 57 (6): 795-809
  • An Optimized Chemical Mechanism for Natural Gas Combustion: Nitrogen Chemistry AIChE Annual Meeting Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Gardiner, W. C. 1997
  • Measurement of the Rate Coefficient of the Reaction CH + O2 -> Products in the Temperature Range 2200 to 2600 K International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Röhrig, M., Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1997; 29 (10): 781-789
  • Advanced Laser-Based Diagnostics for Shock Tube/Tunnel Flows plenary paper, Proceedings of the 21st Int’l. Symp. on Shock Tubes and Waves Hanson, R. K. 1997
  • Reduced Kinetics Mechanisms for Ram Accelerator Combustion 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1997

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.1997-2892

  • Diode laser absorption measurements of CH3Cl and CH4 near 1.65 µm Applied Optics Chou, S. I., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 36 (15): 3288-3293

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.36.003288

  • PLIF and Schlieren Imaging of Oblique Detonation Waves 21st Int’l. Symp. on Shock Tubes and Waves Hanson, R. K., Morris, C. I. 1997
  • Mesure de Température par Fluorescence Induite par Laser sur la Molécular d’Acétone Revue Scientifique et Technique de la Défense Grisch, F., Thurber, M. C., Hanson, R. K. 1997; 4: 51-60
  • Argon Broadening of the R (48), R (50) and R (52) Lines of CO2 in the (00°1) ¬ (00°0) Band Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Wooldridge, M. S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1997; 57 (3): 425-434
  • The pressure dependence of the thermal decomposition of N2O INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Rohrig, M., Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 28 (8): 599-608
  • Laser-induced fluorescence measurements of resonance broadening in xenon PHYSICAL REVIEW A Cedolin, R. J., Hanson, R. K., Cappelli, M. A. 1996; 54 (1): 335-342
  • Instantaneous three-dimensional flow visualization of a supersonic mixing layer EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Island, T. C., PATRIE, B. J., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 20 (4): 249-256
  • Temperature imaging in a supersonic free jet of combustion gases with two-line OH fluorescence APPLIED OPTICS Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 35 (3): 485-499

    Abstract

    Temperature measurements were performed in a shock-tunnel-generated free jet of hydrogen/oxygen reaction products diluted in argon with a nonsimultaneous, two-excitation-line planar laser-induced fluorescence technique with the hydroxyl radical (OH) as a tracer. Single-shot images were obtained with broadband excitation of isolated transitions in the A(2)Σ(+) ? X(2)Π(1, 0) band of OH near 282 nm, with broadband, temporally integrated detection of the resulting nonresonant emission. A measurement of the fluorescence lifetime in the free jet showed no variation with excited rotational level, allowing the rotational temperature to be obtained from the ratio of single-shot images with laser excitation of different rovibronic transitions.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1996TR97200018

    View details for PubMedID 21069034

  • LIF spectroscopy of NO and O-2 in high-pressure flames COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIROSA, M. D., Klavuhn, K. G., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 118 (4-6): 257-283
  • Real gas corrections in shock tube studies at high pressures ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 36 (3): 321-326
  • Multi-Line Fluorescence Imaging of the Rotational Field in a Shock-Tunnel Free Jet Applied Physics B Palmer, J. L., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 63: 167-178

    View details for DOI 10.1007/BF01095269

  • Real Gas Effects at High Pressures and Temperatures in Shock Tube Studies 33rd JANNAF Combustion Meeting Davidson, D. F., Petersen, E. L., Bates, R. W., Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • Measurements of the OH A-X (0,0) 306nm Absorption Bandhead at 60 atm and 1735K Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Davidson, D. F., Röhrig, M., Peterson, E. L., DiRosa, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1996; 55 (6): 755-762
  • A Shock Tube Study of Reactions of CN with HCN, OH and H2 using CN and OH Laser Absorption International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Wooldridge, S. T., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1996; 28 (4): 245-258
  • Optical Diagnostics for Ground Testing: An Overview invited plenary speaker at 19th AIAA Advanced Measurement and Ground Testing Technology Conf. Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • Multiplexed Diode Laser Sensor System for Measurements of CO, CO2, CH4 and H2O in Combustion Flows Symp. on Optical Sensing for Environment and Process Monitoring, Air & Waste Management Association Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • Combustion Control Using an Advanced Multiplexed Diode-Laser Sensor System 33rd JANNAF Combustion Meeting Furlong, E. R., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • Ram Accelerator Mixture Chemistry: Kinetics and Ignition Measurements 33rd JANNAF Combustion Meeting Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • Combustion Control Using an Advanced Multiplexed Diode-Laser Sensor System WSS/CI Fall Meeting Furlong, E. R., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1996
  • A SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF METHYL-METHYL REACTIONS BETWEEN 1200 AND 2400 K INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., DIROSA, M. D., Chang, E. J., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995; 27 (12): 1179-1196
  • LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS OF NO AND OH MOLE FRACTION IN FUEL-LEAN, HIGH-PRESSURE (1-10ATM) METHANE FLAMES - FLUORESCENCE MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER BATTLES, B. E., Hanson, R. K. 1995; 54 (3): 521-537
  • SHOCK TUNNEL FLOW VISUALIZATION USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING OF NO AND OH SHOCK WAVES Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1995; 4 (6): 313-323
  • COMMUNICATION - REVISED VALUES FOR THE RATE COEFFICIENTS OF ETHANE AND METHANE DECOMPOSITION INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995; 27 (3): 305-308
  • EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF VELOCITY SLIP NEAR AN ARCJET EXIT PLANE AIAA JOURNAL LIEBESKIND, J. G., Hanson, R. K., Cappelli, M. A. 1995; 33 (2): 373-375
  • Measurements of argon collision broadening in the CN B2Σ+ ← X2Σ+(0,0) spectrum Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Wooldridge, S. T., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995; 53 (5): 481-492
  • Planar Concentration Measurements of a Jet in Cross-flow APS/DFD Meeting Smith, S., Hasselbrink, E., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • A Shock Tube Study of Nitric Acid Decomposition Shock Waves @ Marseille II (Springer-Verlag) Wooldridge, M. S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995: 83-88
  • Expansion Tube Investigation of Combustion Structures in Supersonic Projectile Flowfields 20th Int. Symp. on Shock Waves Morris, C. I., Kamel, M., Thurber, M. C., Wehe, S. D., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Development and Application of a Diode Laser Absorption Diagnostic for Shock Tube Studies of CO2 Reactions WSS/CSS Meeting of Comb. Inst. Wooldridge, M. S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995
  • High-Pressure Shock Tube Measurements of Ignition Times in Stoichiometric H2/O2/Ar Mixtures 20th Int. Symp. on Shock Waves Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Röhrig, M., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • An Improved Determination of the 216.615 nm Absorption Coefficient for the Methyl Radicals Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Davidson, D. F., DiRosa, M. D., Chang, E. J., Hanson, R. K. 1995; 53 (5): 581-583
  • Temperature Measurement by Acetone LIF with Dual-Wavelength Excitation WSS/CI paper Grisch, F., Thurber, M. C., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Simultaneous Laser Absorption Measurements of CN and OH in a Shock Tube Study of HCN + OH -> Products Joint Technical Meeting of CSS and WSS, Mexican National Section, and American Flame Research Committee Wooldridge, S. T., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995
  • Diode-Laser Sensor System for Methane, Water and Temperature Measurements in Combustion Environments WSS/CI paper Nagali, V., Furlong, E. R., Chou, S. I., Mihalcea, R. M., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Development of an Expansion Tube for Investigation of Combustion in Supersonic Projectile Flowfields RAMACII, 2nd Int. Meeting on Ram Accelerators Morris, C. I., Kamel, M., Thurber, M. C., Wehe, S. D., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Optimized Chemical Kinetics for Modeling Natural Gas Combustion American Flame Research Committee Frenklach, M., Wang, H., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Smith, G. P., Golden, D. M., Gardiner Jr, W. C., Lissianski, V. 1995
  • Absorption Lineshape Measurements of the OH A-X (0,0) 306 nm Bandhead at High Pressures 20th Int. Symp. on Shock Waves Davidson, D. F., Röhrig, M., Petersen, E. L., DiRosa, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Simultaneous Laser Absorption Measurements of CN and OH in a Shock Tube Study of HCN + OH -> Products International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Wooldridge, S. T., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995; 27 (11): 1075-1087

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.550271105

  • Imaging of Hypersonic Reactive Flow around Cylinders and Wedges WSS/CI paper, Stanford, CA Kamel, M., Morris, C. I., Stouklov, I., Hanson, R. K. 1995: 95F-196
  • A Shock Tube Study of the Pyrolysis of NO2 WSS/CI Röhrig, M., Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • A Shock Tube Study of High-Pressure Methane Oxidation WSS/CI paper Petersen, E. L., Davidson, D. F., Röhrig, M., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1995
  • Recent Developments in Laser-Based Absorption and Fluorescence Diagnostics for Gases 8th Int. Symp. on Transport Phenomena Hanson, R. K., Baer, D. S., McMillin, B. K., Yip, B. 1995
  • COLLISION BROADENING AND SHIFT OF NO GAMMA(0,0) ABSORPTION-LINES BY O2 AND H2O AT HIGH-TEMPERATURES JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 52 (5): 515-529
  • TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT COLLISION-BROADENING PARAMETERS OF H2O LINES IN THE 1.4-MU-M REGION USING DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Langlois, S., BIRBECK, T. P., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 167 (2): 272-281
  • A COMBINED OH/ACETONE PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING TECHNIQUE FOR VISUALIZING COMBUSTING FLOWS EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Yip, B., Miller, M. F., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 17 (5): 330-336
  • DUAL DIODE-LASER FIBEROPTIC DIAGNOSTIC FOR WATER-VAPOR MEASUREMENTS OPTICS LETTERS Arroyo, M. P., BIRBECK, T. P., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 19 (14): 1091-1093

    Abstract

    We present a novel diode-laser diagnostic for water-vapor measurements based on absorption spectroscopy. Two InGaAsP diode lasers were used to record H(2)O absorption line shapes near 1395 nm at a 3-kHz repetition rate along a single path through a water-vapor flow field generated in a shock tube. The use of two lasers permits simultaneous line-shape measurements in different spectral regions and facilitates the selection of appropriate line pairs for thermometry. The wavelength tuning rate was determined by use of a fiber-optic device known as a ring interferometer. Flow-field conditions (1320 K, 0.3 atm) inferred from measured line shapes compared favorably with calculated values.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1994NW48300027

    View details for PubMedID 19844543

  • VUV ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTIC FOR SHOCK-TUBE KINETICS STUDIES OF C2H4 JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Zelson, L. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 52 (1): 31-43
  • APPLICATION OF QUANTITATIVE 2-LINE OH PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE FOR TEMPORALLY RESOLVED PLANAR THERMOMETRY IN REACTING FLOWS APPLIED OPTICS Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K., DeBarber, P. A., Hess, C. F. 1994; 33 (18): 4000-4012

    Abstract

    A temporally resolved approach for measurement of two-dimensional temperature fields in reacting flows is experimentally investigated. The method, based on planar laser-induced fluorescence of the hydroxyl (OH) radical, is applicable in many combustion environments, including variable density flow fields. As a means of examining the accuracy of the technique, temperature images, from 1300 to 3000 K and 0.4 to 3 atm, have been acquired in shock-heated H(2)-O(2)-Ar flows with a two-laser, two-image ratio scheme. A complete measurement system for producing accurate, effectively instantaneous temperature images is described; the system includes single-shot monitors for laser-sheet energy distributions and spectral profiles. Temperature images obtained with the OH A(2)Σ(+) ? X(2)II (1, 0) P(1)(7)-Q(2)(11) transition pair exhibit a systematic error of only 7% over the entire range of conditions, with the error most likely dominated by shot-to-shot fluctuations in the lasers'spectral profiles. The largest error source in the instantaneous temperature images is photon shot noise. A group of OH transition pairs that provide good temperature sensitivity and strong signals for reduced shot-noise error over a range of flow-field conditions is also presented.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1994NU52500030

    View details for PubMedID 20935747

  • SENSITIZED PHOSPHORESCENCE - A GAS-PHASE MOLECULAR MIXING DIAGNOSTIC EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Yip, B., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 17 (1-2): 16-23
  • DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION TECHNIQUE FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF MULTIPLE GASDYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN HIGH-SPEED FLOWS CONTAINING WATER-VAPOR APPLIED OPTICS Arroyo, M. P., Langlois, S., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 33 (15): 3296-3307

    Abstract

    A distributed-feedback InGaAsP diode laser, emitting near 1.38 µm, was used to acquire spectrally resolved absorption profiles of H(2)O lines in the ν(1) + ν(3) band at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. The profiles were used for simultaneous measurements of flow parameters in high-speed, one-dimensional (1-D) transient flows generated in a shock tube. Velocity was determined from the Doppler shift, which was measured with a pair of profiles simultaneously acquired at different angles with respect to the flow direction. Temperature was determined from the intensity ratio of two adjacent lines. Pressure and density were found from the fractional absorption. From these primary gasdynamic variables, the mass and momentum fluxes were determined. Experiments were conducted with three different gas mixtures in the shock tube: pure H(2)O at initial pressures lower than 3 Torr, up to 6% of H(2)O in O(2) at initial pressures below 120 Torr, and up to 8% of H(2)O in O(2) at initial pressures below 35 Torr. In the third case, pyrolysis of H(2) /O(2) behind incident shocks produced known yields of H(2)O. With all three mixtures, results compare well with 1-D shock calculations. This H(2)O diagnostic strategy shows promise for applications in both ground and flight testing.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1994NM30800022

    View details for PubMedID 20885702

  • INSTANTANEOUS 3-DIMENSIONAL FLOW VISUALIZATION BY RAPID ACQUISITION OF MULTIPLE PLANAR FLOW IMAGES OPTICAL ENGINEERING PATRIE, B. J., Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 33 (3): 975-980
  • COLLISION-BROADENING AND COLLISION-SHIFT OF NO GAMMA(0,0) ABSORPTION-LINES BY H2O, O-2, AND NO AT 295-K JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 164 (1): 97-117
  • DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS OF H2O LINE-INTENSITIES AND SELF-BROADENING COEFFICIENTS IN THE 1.4-MU-M REGION JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Langlois, S., BIRBECK, T. P., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 163 (1): 27-42
  • CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS IN A TRANSVERSE JET BY PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF ACETONE AIAA JOURNAL Lozano, A., Smith, S. H., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1994; 32 (1): 218-221
  • A Shock Tube Study of the OH + OH -> H2O + O Reaction International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Wooldridge, M. S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1994; 26 (4): 389-401

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.550260402

  • A Shock Tube Study of the Pyrolysis of C2H5I ESS/CI Meeting Mertens, J. D., Wooldridge, M. S., Hanson, R. K. 1994
  • Reexamination of Shock-Tube Measurements of the Rate Coefficient of H + O2 -> OH + O Journal of Physical Chemistry Yu, C. L., Frenklach, M., Masten, D. A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1994; 98 (17): 4770-4771

    View details for DOI 10.1021/j100068a048

  • Multiplexed Diode-Laser Sensor System for Simultaneous H2O, O2 and Temperature Measurements Optics Letters Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K., Newfield, M. E., Gopaul, N. K. 1994; 19: 1900-1902

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.19.001900

  • 2-LINE PLANAR FLUORESCENCE FOR TEMPORALLY RESOLVED TEMPERATURE IMAGING IN A REACTING SUPERSONIC-FLOW OVER A BODY APPLIED PHYSICS B-PHOTOPHYSICS AND LASER CHEMISTRY Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 57 (6): 385-391
  • A STUDY OF ETHANE DECOMPOSITION IN A SHOCK-TUBE USING LASER-ABSORPTION OF CH3 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1993; 25 (11): 969-982
  • LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DIAGNOSTIC FOR TEMPERATURE AND VELOCITY-MEASUREMENTS IN A HYDROGEN ARCJET PLUME APPLIED OPTICS LIEBESKIND, J. G., Hanson, R. K., Cappelli, M. A. 1993; 32 (30): 6117-6127

    Abstract

    A diagnostic has been developed to measure velocity and translational temperature in the plume of a 1-kW-class arcjet thruster operating on hydrogen. Laser-induced fluorescence with a narrow-band cw laser is used to probe the Balmer α transition of excited atomic hydrogen. The velocity is determined from the Doppler shift of the fluorescence excitation spectrum, whereas the temperature is inferred from the lineshape. Analysis shows that although Doppler broadening is the only significant broadening mechanism, the fine structure of the transition must be taken into account. Near the exit plane, axial velocities vary from 4 to 14 km/s, radial velocities vary from 0 to 4 km/s, and swirl velocities are shown to be relatively small. Temperatures from 1000 to 5000 K indicate high dissociation fractions.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1993MC05300035

    View details for PubMedID 20856439

  • ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS OF WATER-VAPOR CONCENTRATION, TEMPERATURE, AND LINE-SHAPE PARAMETERS USING A TUNABLE INGAASP DIODE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Arroyo, M. P., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (30): 6104-6116

    Abstract

    A tunable diode laser diagnostic based on spectrally resolved laser absorption has been developed to detect water vapor. The system uses a distributed feedback InGaAsP diode laser, emitting at ~ 1.38 µm. The diode laser is tuned in wavelength by modulation of the current, resulting in 1-cm(-1) tuning at 80-Hz repetition rate. The directly measured absorption spectra yield values for water-vapor concentration and temperature, as well as a collision-broadening line shape. To our knowledge, we accurately determined required data for H(2)O line strengths and self-broadening coefficients for several spectral lines in a static cell filled with pure water vapor. The temperature and concentration of the water vapor present in laboratory room air and in the postflame gases above a methane-air flat flame burner have also been measured. These results agree well with calculated values and independent measurements.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1993MC05300034

    View details for PubMedID 20856438

  • LASER-DIODE WAVELENGTH-MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, AND VELOCITY IN SHOCK-HEATED OXYGEN FLOWS APPLIED OPTICS PHILIPPE, L. C., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (30): 6090-6103

    Abstract

    Wavelength modulation at 10 MHz of an AlGaAs laser diode, superposed on repetitive linear scans of wavelength, is applied to measure second-harmonic absorption line shapes of oxygen in the A band. Theoretical expressions of the harmonic line shapes, including the effect of laser amplitude modulation and varying modulation depth, are presented. A least-squares fit of the experimental line shapes to theoretical second-harmonic line shapes permits simultaneous determination of the temperature and the pressure. The use of high-repetition-rate (10-kHz) linear scans of the studied wavelength region permits application of the technique to high-speed unidimensional transient flows generated in a shock tube; velocity is derived from the Doppler shift of the absorption profiles.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1993MC05300033

    View details for PubMedID 20856437

  • MODELING OF SPATIAL DISTORTIONS IN A HIGH-SPEED IMAGE CONVERTER CAMERA REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS PATRIE, B. J., Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 64 (10): 2901-2904
  • CONTINUOUS-WAVE DYE-LASER TECHNIQUE FOR SIMULTANEOUS, SPATIALLY-RESOLVED MEASUREMENTS OF TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, AND VELOCITY OF NO IN AN UNDEREXPANDED FREE JET APPLIED OPTICS DIROSA, M. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (21): 4074-4087

    Abstract

    Gas dynamic quantities within an underexpanded nitrogen free jet, seeded with 0.5% NO, were measured nonintrusively by using an intracavity-doubled, rapid-tuning, cw ring dye laser. The UV beam passed obliquely through the jet axis, and its frequency repetitively scanned across adjacent rotational lines in the NO gamma band near 225 nm at a rate of 4 kHz. Spatially resolved excitation scans were obtained by monitoring the induced broadband fluoresence. Modeling the Doppler-shifted excitation scans with Voigt profiles permitted simultaneous determinations of NO velocity, rotational temperature, and pressure. Zero Doppler shift was referenced to an absorption trace obtained across a static cell and recorded concurrently with the excitation scan. Typically, the measured and predicted axial distributions agreed within 10%. At high Mach numbers there was evidence of rotational freezing of NO.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1993LN83700040

    View details for PubMedID 20830049

  • A CW LASER-ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTIC FOR METHYL RADICALS JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Davidson, D. F., Chang, A. Y., DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 49 (5): 559-571
  • COMPARISON OF EXCITATION TECHNIQUES FOR QUANTITATIVE FLUORESCENCE IMAGING OF REACTING FLOWS AIAA JOURNAL Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 31 (3): 513-519
  • Planar Fluorescence Imaging in Gases Chapter 6, in Experimental Methods for Flows with Combustion Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. edited by Taylor, A. Academic Press. 1993: 405–466
  • A comparison of arcjet plume properties to model predictions 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting Cappelli, M. A., Liebeskind, J. G., Hanson, R. K., Butler, G. W., Redmond, W. A., King, D. Q. 1993

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.1993-820

  • A Shock Tube Study of the Reactions of CN and NCO with NO2 WSS/CI Fall meeting Woolridge, S., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1993
  • Shock Tube Measurements of the Major Product Channels of N2O + O 18th International Symposium on Shock Waves Davidson, D. F., DiRosa, M. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1993
  • Development and Application of a VUV Absorption Diagnostic for Shock Tube Kinetics Studies of C2H4 WSS/CI Fall meeting Zelson, L. S., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1993
  • LIF Measurements of Species Velocities in an Arcjet Plume 23rd Int. Elec. Prop. Conf. Liebeskind, J. G., Hanson, R. K., Cappelli, M. A. 1993
  • Temperature Measurements in Gases Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of NO Applied Optics Lee, M. P., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (27): 5379-5396

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.32.005379

  • Semiconductor Laser Diagnostics of Atomic Oxygen in Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Baer, D. S., Chang, H. A., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 50 (6): 621-633
  • Scalar Mixing in the Subsonic Jet in Crossflow AGARD 72nd Fluid Dynamics Meeting Smith, S. H., Lozano, A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1993
  • A Direct Comparison of Arcjet Thruster Properties to Model Predictions 23rd Int. Elec. Prop. Conf. Cappelli, M. A., Liebeskind, J. G., Hanson, R. K., Butler, G. W., King, D. Q. 1993
  • Development of a CW Laser Absorption Diagnostic for CN in Shock Tube Flows Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Wooldridge, S. T., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1993; 50 (1): 19-34
  • Temporally Resolved, Two-Line Fluorescence Imaging of NO Temperature in a Transverse Jet in a Supersonic Cross Flow Applied Optics McMillin, B. K., Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (36): 7532-7545

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.32.007532

  • Semiconductor laser-based measurements of quench rates in an atmospheric pressure plasma by using saturated-fluorescence spectroscopy Applied Optics Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1993; 32 (6): 948-955

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.32.000948

  • Simultaneous OH and Acetone Fluorescence Imaging in Diffusion Flames Joint Meeting of Italian and Spanish Sections of the Combustion Instituto Lozano, A., Yip, B., Hanson, R. K. 1993
  • Quantitative LIF and PLIF Diagnostics invited paper at 3rd Int. Symp. on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion: Nonintrusive Diagnostics Hanson, R. K. 1993
  • FLUORESCENCE DIAGNOSTICS FOR ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PLASMAS USING SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS Baer, D. S., Chang, H. A., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 9 (11): 1968-1978
  • ACETONE - A TRACER FOR CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS IN GASEOUS FLOWS BY PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Lozano, A., Yip, B., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 13 (6): 369-376
  • TUNABLE DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTICS FOR ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PLASMAS JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 47 (6): 455-475
  • CH-ATOM AND C-ATOM TIME HISTORIES IN DILUTE HYDROCARBON PYROLYSIS - MEASUREMENTS AND KINETICS CALCULATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Dean, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 24 (6): 517-532
  • DEGENERATE 4-WAVE-MIXING TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS IN A FLAME OPTICS LETTERS Yip, B., Danehy, P. M., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 17 (10): 751-753

    Abstract

    Multiplex degenerate four-wave mixing is performed by using OH radicals in an atmospheric-pressure hydrogen-oxygen flame. The ratio of the signal intensities from two OH transitions simultaneously pumped by a single laser pulse is used to determine the local instantaneous flame temperature.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1992HT34400018

    View details for PubMedID 19794619

  • TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF COLLISION BROADENING AND SHIFT IN THE NO A[-X (0,0) BAND IN THE PRESENCE OF ARGON AND NITROGEN JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Chang, A. Y., DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 47 (5): 375-390
  • EMISSION AND LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS IN A SUPERSONIC JET OF PLASMA-HEATED NITROGEN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS Cohen, L. M., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 25 (3): 339-351
  • A SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF REACTIONS OF ATOMIC OXYGEN WITH ISOCYANIC ACID INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Mertens, J. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1992; 24 (3): 279-295
  • Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurements of High-Enthalpy Free Jet Flow with Nitric Oxide NASA Measurement Technology Conf., NASA Langley Res. Ctr. Palmer, J. L., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1992
  • Two-Dimensional Imaging of Shock Tube flows Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence 18th Shock Tube Symposium McMillin, B. K., Lee, M. P., Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1992
  • Planar fluorescence imaging of a transverse jet in a supersonic crossflow Journal of Propulsion and Power Lee, M. P., McMillin, B. K., Palmer, J. L., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 8 (4): 729-735

    View details for DOI 10.2514/3.23542

  • Shedding New Light on Gas Dynamics Aerospace America McKenzie, R. L., Hanson, R. K., Eckbreth, A. C. 1992: 20-25
  • Instantaneous Imaging of Particle Size and Spatial Distribution in Two-Phase Flows Applied Optics Hofeldt, D. L., Hanson, R. K. 1992; 30 (33): 4936-4948

    View details for DOI 10.1364/AO.30.004936

  • Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Technique for Multi-Parameter Measurements of Combustion Flows 6th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Arroyo, M. P., Hanson, R. K. 1992
  • Diode Laser Absorption Technique for Monitoring Mass Flux in High Speed Airflows NASP Mid-Term Technology Review Hanson, R. K., Philippe, L. C. 1992
  • LASER-ABSORPTION MASS FLUX SENSOR FOR HIGH-SPEED AIR-FLOWS OPTICS LETTERS PHILIPPE, L. C., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 16 (24): 2002-2004

    Abstract

    We present a laser-based concept for an air mass flux sensor based on the simultaneous measurement of density and velocity of O(2). The sensor uses wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy at 10 MHz of an AlGaAs laser diode in the b(1)Sigma(g)(+)(v' = 0)-X(3)Sigma(g)(-)(v'' = 0) system of O(2), combined with second-harmonic detection. The apparatus is demonstrated on a high-speed oxygen flow generated behind the incident shock wave in a shock tube. The measurement time is 0.5 ms for typical absorption levels of 0.5%.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1991GY73100031

    View details for PubMedID 19784209

  • SHOCK-TUBE MEASUREMENTS OF THE REACTIONS OF CN WITH O AND O2 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., Dean, A. J., DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 23 (11): 1035-1050
  • RAPID TUNING CW LASER TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENTS OF GAS VELOCITY, TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, DENSITY, AND MASS FLUX USING NO APPLIED OPTICS Chang, A. Y., DIROSA, M. D., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 30 (21): 3011-3022

    Abstract

    An intracavity-doubled rapid-tuning cw ring dye laser was used to acquire fully resolved absorption profiles of NO line pairs in the A ? X band at 225 nm at a rate of 4 kHz. These profiles were utilized for simultaneous measurements of flow parameters in the high speed 1-D flows generated in a shock tube. Velocity was determined from the Doppler shift measured using a pair of profiles simultaneously acquired at different angles with respect to the flow direction. Temperature was determined from the intensity ratio of the adjacent lines. Pressure and density were found both from the collisional broadening and the fractional absorption. From this information the mass flux was determined. The results compare well to 1-D shock calculations.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1991FX92000020

    View details for PubMedID 20706349

  • CONTINUOUS WAVE LASER-ABSORPTION TECHNIQUES FOR GASDYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS IN SUPERSONIC FLOWS APPLIED OPTICS Davidson, D. F., Chang, A. Y., DIROSA, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 30 (18): 2598-2608

    Abstract

    Line-of-sight measurements of velocity, temperature, pressure, density, and mass flux were performed in a transient shock tube flow using three laser absorption schemes. All methods employed an intracavity-doubled ring dye laser tuned to an OH transition in the A(2) summation operator(+) ? X(2)II (0,0) band at 306 nm. In the first scheme, the gas was labeled by 193.3-nm excimer photolysis of H(2)O, and the passage of the generated OH was detected downstream. In the second method, the laser was tuned at a rate of 3 kH(z) over the R(1)(7) and R(1)(11) line pair, and absorption was simultaneously monitored at 90 and 60 degrees with respect to the flow. Velocity was determined from the Doppler shift of the profiles and the temperature from the intensity ratio of the lines. Pressure was determined from both the magnitude of absorption and the collisional broadening. In the third method, the laser wavelength was fixed at a single frequency, and a continuous measurement of velocity and pressure was obtained using the signals from the two beam paths. All methods gave results which compare favorably to calculated values.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1991FR74000028

    View details for PubMedID 20700249

  • A SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF REACTIONS OF C ATOMS AND CH WITH NO INCLUDING PRODUCT CHANNEL MEASUREMENTS JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Dean, A. J., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1991; 95 (8): 3180-3189
  • 3-DIMENSIONAL VISUALIZATION OF TEMPORAL FLOW SEQUENCES AIAA JOURNAL VANCRUYNINGEN, I., Lozano, A., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 29 (3): 479-482
  • A SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF THE REACTIONS OF NH WITH NO, O2, AND O INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Mertens, J. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1991; 23 (2): 173-196
  • A shock tube study of reactions of carbon atoms with hydrogen and oxygen using excimer photolysis of C3O2 and carbon atom atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy Journal of Physical Chemistry Dean, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1991; 95 (1): 183-191

    View details for DOI 10.1021/j100154a037

  • Development of a cw Laser Absorption Diagnostics for CH3 WSS/CI Spring Meeting Davidson, D. F., Chang, A. Y., DiRosa, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1991
  • Tunable Diode Laser Sensor for Temperature and Velocity Measurements of Oxygen Optcon '91 Philippe, L. C., Hanson, R. K. 1991
  • High Temperature Reaction Kinetics of the Methyl Radical WSS/CI meeting Davidson, D. F., DiRosa, M. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1991
  • Optical Diagnostics of a Low Power Hydrogen Arcjet 22nd Int. Electric Propulsion Conf. Cappelli, M. A., Hanson, R. K., Liebeskind, J. G., Manzella, D. H. 1991
  • A Shock Tube Study of H + HNCO -> NH2 + CO International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Mertens, J. D., Kohse-Höinghaus, K., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1991; 23 (8): 655-668

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.550230802

  • High Temperature Reaction Kinetics Relevant to Nitramine Combustion JANNAF Combustion Meeting Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Davidson, D. F. 1991
  • CW Laser Strategy of Probing NO at 220 nm for Flow Measurements Optcon '91 DiRosa, M. D., Hanson, R. K. 1991
  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTION-RATE COEFFICIENTS DERIVED FROM N-ATOM ARAS MEASUREMENTS AND EXCIMER PHOTOLYSIS OF NO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 22 (8): 843-861
  • IMAGE-INTENSIFIED PHOTODIODE ARRAY AS A FLUORESCENCE DETECTOR IN CW-LASER EXPERIMENTS REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS HILLER, B., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 61 (7): 1808-1815
  • SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF VELOCITY, TEMPERATURE, AND PRESSURE USING RAPID-CW WAVELENGTH-MODULATION LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF OH OPTICS LETTERS Chang, A. Y., BATTLES, B. E., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 15 (12): 706-708

    Abstract

    The beam from a rapid-tuning single-frequency laser was used to probe the R(1)(7) and R(1)(11) A(2)Sigma(+) ? X(2)II (0, 0) line pair of OH at a 45 degrees incident angle in a combustion-driven, supersonic free jet. Absorption line shapes were recorded in spatially resolved, single-point fluorescence. The Doppler shift, intensity ratio, and collisional broadening of the measured line pair were used to determine velocity, temperature, and pressure. The repetition rate of the measurement was 3 kHz.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1990DH95400016

    View details for PubMedID 19768054

  • PLANAR LASER-FLUORESCENCE IMAGING OF COMBUSTION GASES APPLIED PHYSICS B-PHOTOPHYSICS AND LASER CHEMISTRY Hanson, R. K., Seitzman, J. M., Paul, P. H. 1990; 50 (6): 441-454
  • A PYROLYSIS MECHANISM FOR AMMONIA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Davidson, D. F., KOHSEHOINGHAUS, K., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 22 (5): 513-535
  • LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING OF LASER-ABLATED BARIUM APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Cappelli, M. A., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 56 (18): 1715-1718
  • QUANTITATIVE IMAGING OF CONCENTRATION BY PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS VANCRUYNINGEN, I., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 10 (1): 41-49
  • PROPERTIES OF THE IODINE MOLECULE RELEVANT TO LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE EXPERIMENTS IN GAS-FLOWS EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS HILLER, B., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 10 (1): 1-11
  • HIGH-RESOLUTION DIGITAL FLOWFIELD IMAGING OF JETS EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Paul, P. H., VANCRUYNINGEN, I., Hanson, R. K., KYCHAKOFF, G. 1990; 9 (5): 241-251
  • Shock Tube Study of the Reaction H + O2 -> OH + O Using OH Laser Absorption Journal of Physical Chemistry Masten, D. A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1990; 94 (18): 7119-7128

    View details for DOI 10.1021/j100381a033

  • Medidas De Concentraciones en un Jet Turbulento Mediante Fluorescencia Planar Inducida Por Laser 9th Congreso Nacional de Ingeniera Mecanica Lozano, A., van Cruyningen, I., Danehy, P., Hanson, R. K. 1990
  • Laser-Induced Fluorescence Diagnostics for Supersonic Flows Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K., Paul, P. H., Lee, M. P. 1990
  • Recent Developments in Laser Diagnostics at Stanford's High Temperature Gasdynamics Lab ICALEO '90 Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1990
  • A Direct Comparison of Shock Tube Photolysis and Pyrolysis Methods in the Determination of the Rate Coefficient for O + H2 -> OH + H Combustion and Flame Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1990; 82: 445-447
  • Computer Rendering of Planar Fluorescence Flowfield Images 28th Aerospace Sciences Meeting van Cruyningen, I. J., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1990

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.1990-499

  • REACTION-KINETICS OF NH IN THE SHOCK-TUBE PYROLYSIS OF HNCO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Mertens, J. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1989; 21 (11): 1049-1067
  • DEVELOPMENT OF A LASER-ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTIC FOR SHOCK-TUBE STUDIES OF CH JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Dean, A. J., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 42 (5): 375-384
  • MEASUREMENTS OF ABSORPTION LINESHAPES IN THE A3-PI-I]-X3-SIGMA-(0,0) BAND OF NH IN THE PRESENCE OF AR BROADENING JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 42 (3): 207-217
  • QUANTITATIVE NH2 CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION IN SHOCK-TUBE LASER-ABSORPTION EXPERIMENTS JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER KOHSEHOINGHAUS, K., Davidson, D. F., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 42 (1): 1-17
  • Study of NH3 Plasma/Titanium Surface Interaction: Measurement of NH Radical Production and Dissociation Kinetics by Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Int. Plasma Chemistry Conference (ILPC) Giquel, A., Cappelli, M. A., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • COLLISIONAL BROADENING OF THE ALPHA-2-SIGMA+[-X2-PI(0,0) BAND OF OH BY H2O AND CO2 IN ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE FLAMES JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Rea, E. C., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 41 (1): 29-42
  • Structural OH Imaging in a Turbulent H2-Air Diffusion Flame 42nd annual meeting of the Fluid Dynamics Section of APS Paul, P. H., Seitzman, J. M., Ungut, A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Shock Tube Combustion Studies Using Optical Diagnostics and Excimer Photolysis AIChI Annual Meeting Davidson, D. F., Dean, A. J., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of NO in Supersonic Flows Fall WSS/CI Meeting Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Quantitative Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of Flowfields Electronic Imaging West '89 van Cruyningen, I., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of Shock-Heated Flows in Vibrational Nonequilibrium ASME Winter Meeting, Symp. of Flow Visualization McMillin, B. K., Lee, M. P., Palmer, J. L., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Molecular Velocity Imaging of Supersonic Flows Using Pulsed Planar-Induced Fluorescence of NO Optics Letters Paul, P. H., Lee, M. P., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 14 (9): 417-419

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.14.000417

  • Interpretation of Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Flowfield Images ASME Winter Meeting, Symp. of Flow Visualization van Cruyningen, I., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Interpretation of Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Flowfield Images International Turbulent Shear Flow Conference, Stanford, CA van Cruyningen, I., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Planar Fluorescence Imaging in Gases Handbook of Flow Visualization Hanson, R. K., Seitzman, J. M. edited by Yang, W. J. Hemisphere Pub. Corp.. 1989: 219–132
  • Motional Narrowing in Spectral Lines of OH Fall WSS/CI Meeting Rea Jr, E. C., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • High Temperature Absorption Coefficients of O2, NH3 and H2O for Broadband ArF Excimer Laser Radiation Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Davidson, D. F., Chang, A. Y., Kohse-Höinghaus, K., Hanson, R. K. 1989; 42 (4): 267-278
  • Structural Characterization of a Turbulent Nonpremixed Hydrogen-Air Flame with PLIF of OH Fall WSS/CI Meeting Seitzman, J. M., Ungut, A., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • 2-D Velocity Measurements in Supersonic Flow Using Pulsed Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence ASME Winter Meeting, Symp. of Flow Visualization Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Volume Rendering of 2-D and 3-D Flowfield Image Data 42nd annual meeting of the Fluid Dynamics Section of APS Lozano, A., van Cruyningen, I., Mungal, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Imaging of Laser Produced Plasmas Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Int. Laser Science Conference, ILS Paul, P. H., Cappelli, M. A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • Quantitative Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of Turbulent Jets 42nd annual meeting of the Fluid Dynamics Section of APS van Cruyningen, I., Lozano, A., Hanson, R. K. 1989
  • RAPID LASER-WAVELENGTH MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY USED AS A FAST TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE IN HYDROCARBON COMBUSTION APPLIED OPTICS Rea, E. C., Hanson, R. K. 1988; 27 (21): 4454-4464

    Abstract

    A fast temperature measurement technique is described which is suitable for use in dynamic reacting gases, particularly in situations which involve hydrocarbon-air combustion. Temperature is determined from the relative intensity of a pair of fully resolved absorption lines probed with a rapid-tuning single-frequency laser. Demonstration of the technique using 300-micros scans across the R(1) (7) and R(1)(11) lines in the (0, 0) band of the A(2)Sigma(+) ? X(2)II system of OH present in the postflame gases above a CH(4)-air flat-flame burner is reported. Fluorescence monitoring of the absorption spectra was used to provide improved spatial resolution. Temperatures inferred from simultaneous absorption and fluorescence measurements showed good agreement with radiation-corrected thermocouple scans.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1988Q889000026

    View details for PubMedID 20539592

  • PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Hanson, R. K. 1988; 40 (3): 343-?
  • SIMULTANEOUS PLANAR MEASUREMENTS OF VELOCITY AND PRESSURE FIELDS IN GAS-FLOWS USING LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE APPLIED OPTICS HILLER, B., Hanson, R. K. 1988; 27 (1): 33-48

    Abstract

    The development of a nonintrusive spectroscopic technique is reported which permits simultaneous spatially resolved measurements of two velocity components and pressure in a plane of a compressible gaseous flow field. The technique is based on the detection of fluorescence from an absorption line excited with a narrowbandwidth laser. Doppler shift and pressure broadening of the line are exploited to extract velocity and pressure information, respectively. The fluorescence is detected at a 90 degrees angle with an image-intensified 100 x 100 element photodiode-array camera which is interfaced with a laboratory computer. Results of the implementation in a Mach 1.5 underexpanded supersonic jet are presented.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1988L788900015

    View details for PubMedID 20523544

  • Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging in supersonic flows 5th International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics Paul, P. H., Seitzman, J. M., Cohen, L. M., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Planar Laser-Based Fluorescence Imaging of Flowfield Scalars 5th International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Laser-Based Spectroscopic Measurements in High Temperature Gases invited paper presented at Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Decomposition Kinetics of HNCO at High Temperatures Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Mertens, J. D., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1988
  • Visualization Methods for the Study of Unsteady Non-Premixed Flame Structure Combustion Science and Technology Vandsburger, U., Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1988; 56 (4-6): 455-461
  • Decomposition Kinetics of HNCO at High Temperatures poster paper presented at 22nd Symposium (International) on Combustion Paul, P. H., Seitzman, J. M., Lee, M. P., McMillin, B. K., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Applications of PLIF Imaging to Supersonic Flows 54th National Aero-Space Plane Symposium, NASA Langley Res. Ctr. Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Quantitative NH2 Laser-Absorption Diagnostic for Shock Tube Kinetics Studies spring meeting, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Kohse-Höinghaus, K., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Laser-Based Fluorescence Imaging of Gaseous Flows 7th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-optics Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Development and Application of CH Laser Absorption Diagnostic for Shock Tube Kinetic Studies Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Dean, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Plasma Diagnostics Using PLIF and Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy 42nd Gaseous Electronics Conference Baer, D. S., Chang, A. Y., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • CH Diagnostic for Shock Tube Kinetic Studies Using Laser Absorption at 431 nm poster paper presented at 22nd Symposium (International) on Combustion Dean, A. J., Davidson, D. F., Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • Radial Distribution Measurement of SiH in a Low Pressure Silane Plasma Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing Asano, Y., Baer, D. S., Hernberg, R., Hanson, R. K. 1988; 8 (1): 1-8

    View details for DOI 10.1007/BF01016926

  • Laser-Based Diagnostics for Gaseous Flows invited paper presented at workshop on Diagnostics for Ground-Based NASP Testing Hanson, R. K. 1988
  • SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF SIH CONCENTRATION IN SILANE PLASMAS FOR AMORPHOUS-SILICON FILM DEPOSITION JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS Asano, Y., Baer, D. S., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 94 (1): 5-10
  • QUANTITATIVE 2-PHOTON LIF IMAGING OF CARBON-MONOXIDE IN COMBUSTION GASES APPLIED OPTICS Seitzman, J. M., Haumann, J., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 26 (14): 2892-2899

    Abstract

    Two-dimensional imaging of CO concentration in combustion gases is demonstrated using two-photonexcited planar laser-induced fluorescence. A quantitative model is presented for the simultaneous twophoton excitation of several rotational transitions of the B(1)Sigma(+) ? X(1)Sigma(+) system and the subsequent visible fluorescence (B(1)Sigma(+) ? A(1)Pi). The model is verified by comparison of predicted and measured excitation spectra and of temperature-corrected relative fluorescence measurements to standard probe measurements of the center line CO distribution in a CO-air diffusion flame. In addition, CO imaging experiments in a premixed methane-air flame indicate the production of C(2) by laser photodissociation of acetylene.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1987J172300036

    View details for PubMedID 20489978

  • MOVIES AND 3-D IMAGES OF FLOWFIELDS USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE APPLIED OPTICS KYCHAKOFF, G., Paul, P. H., VANCRUYNINGEN, I., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 26 (13): 2498-2500

    View details for Web of Science ID A1987J082800002

    View details for PubMedID 20489901

  • TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS IN SHOCK-TUBES USING A LASER-BASED ABSORPTION TECHNIQUE APPLIED OPTICS Chang, A. Y., Rea, E. C., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 26 (5): 885-891

    Abstract

    A laser-based technique for monitoring temperature in shock tube flows is reported. The method employs a rapid-tuning ring-dye laser to record the fully resolved absorption spectrum of the R(1)(7) and R(1)(11) lines of OH near 306.5 nm. The temperature is inferred from the ratio of the peak absorption coefficients of the two lines. Comparisons with calculated reflected shock temperatures show agreement within +/-3% for the 1300-3500 K range.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1987G661200027

    View details for PubMedID 20454237

  • QUANTITATIVE IMAGING OF TEMPERATURE-FIELDS IN AIR USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF O-2 OPTICS LETTERS Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 12 (2): 75-77

    Abstract

    Planar laser-induced fluorescence of O(2) has been used to acquire quantitative, instantaneous two-dimensional images of temperature in heated air flows. O(2) is excited by using a broadband ArF excimer laser at 193 nm, and the resultant fluorescence signal is converted to temperature by using a theoretical calculation of the dependence of the fluorescence on temperature. This calculation has been confirmed experimentally, and validating data are presented.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1987F829900003

    View details for PubMedID 19738797

  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF PRESSURE BROADENING OF THE A2-SIGMA+-X2-PI(0,0) BAND OF OH BY AR AND N-2 JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Rea, E. C., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 37 (2): 117-127
  • Simultaneous Measurements of Velocity and Pressure Fields in Subsonic and Supersonic Flows through Image-Intensified Detection of Laser-Induced Fluorescence Flow Visualization IV Hiller, B., Cohen, L., Hanson, R. K. Hemisphere Pub. Corp.. 1987: 173–178
  • LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MODULATION TECHNIQUES FOR VELOCITY-MEASUREMENTS IN GAS-FLOWS EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS Hassa, C., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1987; 5 (4): 240-246
  • Rapid-Tuning Laser Absorption Diagnostics for Shock Tube Flows presented at 16th International Symposium on Shock Tubes and Waves Rea Jr, E. C., Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. VCH Publishers. 1987: 863–869
  • Turbulent Flowfield Interpretation Through Processing of PLIF Images fall meeting of Western States Section/The Combustion Institute van Cruyningen, I., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1987
  • Instantaneous Two-Dimensional Multiple Particle-Sizing Diagnostic 24th JANNAF Combustion Meeting Hofeldt, D. L., Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1987
  • High-Resolution Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of Jets APS Fluid Dynamics Meeting Paul, P. H., van Cruyningen, I., Hanson, R. K. 1987
  • Recent Advances in Digital Fluorescence Imaging of High Temperature Flowfields ASME-JSME Thermal Engineering Joint Conference Hanson, R. K., Allen, M. G., Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H. 1987
  • Instantaneous Two-Dimensional Multiple Particle-Sizing Diagnostic 6th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-optics, ICALEO '87 Hofeldt, D. L., Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1987
  • Two-Dimensional Detector Arrays and Their Applications to Imaging Diagnostics Topical Meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis Hanson, R. K. 1987
  • PLANAR LASER-INDUCED-FLUORESCENCE MONITORING OF OH IN A SPRAY FLAME OPTICAL ENGINEERING Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 25 (12): 1309-1311
  • 2-PHOTON DIGITAL IMAGING OF CO IN COMBUSTION FLOWS USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OPTICS LETTERS Haumann, J., Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 11 (12): 776-778

    Abstract

    Two-dimensional imaging of CO distributions in combustion gases is demonstrated using planar laser-induced fluorescence. The illumination technique is based on the combination of a nonlinear absorption scheme, in which two photons at 230.1 nm excite several rotational transitions of the B (1)Sigma(+) ? X(1)Sigma(+) system, and the use of an ultraviolet multipass cell for producing the laser sheet. The subsequent visible fluorescence (B(1)Sigma(+) ? A (1)Pi) is imaged onto an intensified two-dimensional photodiode array. Experimental results are presented for carbon monoxide-air and methane-air flames.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1986F211600007

    View details for PubMedID 19738756

  • CALCULATIONS OF O2 ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENCE AT ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES FOR A BROAD-BAND ARGON FLUORIDE LASER SOURCE AT 193 NM JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Lee, M. P., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 36 (5): 425-440
  • COMBUSTION-DRIVEN FLOW REACTOR STUDIES OF THERMAL DENOX REACTION-KINETICS COMBUSTION AND FLAME KIMBALLLINNE, M. A., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 64 (3): 337-351
  • DIGITAL IMAGING OF REACTION ZONES IN HYDROCARBON AIR FLAMES USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF CH AND C-2 OPTICS LETTERS Allen, M. G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 11 (3): 126-128

    View details for Web of Science ID A1986A180500002

    View details for PubMedID 19730554

  • FIBEROPTIC ABSORPTION FLUORESCENCE COMBUSTION DIAGNOSTICS COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY KIMBALLLINNE, M. A., KYCHAKOFF, G., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 50 (4-6): 307-322
  • Flame-Flow Structure in an Acoustically Driven Jet Flame fall meeting of Western States Section, The Combustion Institute Vandsburger, U., Lewis, G., Allen, M. G., Seitzman, J. M., Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Multipoint Flow Diagnostics 5th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-optics Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Laser Fluorescence Imaging of O2 in Combustion Flows Using an ArF Laser Optics Letters Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 11 (1): 7-9

    View details for DOI 10.1364/OL.11.000007

  • High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Digital Imaging of Jets fall meeting of Western States Section, The Combustion Institute Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Shock Tube Study of High Temperature Absorption Spectroscopy of CH at 431 nm 15th International Symposium on Shock Waves and Shock Tubes, Berkeley , also Shock Waves and Shock Tubes Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K. edited by Hanson, R. K. Stanford University Press. 1986: 827–831
  • O- and N-Atom Measurements in High Temperature C2N2 + O Kinetics Combustion and Flame Roth, P., Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1986; 64 (2): 167–176
  • Effects of Fuel Spray Characteristics and Vaporization on Energy Release Rates and Flow Field Structure in a Dump Combustor 23rd JANNAF Combustion Meeting Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Vandsburger, U., Allen, M. G., McManus, K. R. 1986
  • Simultaneous Imaging of Species Distributions in Two-Phase Reacting Flowfields Int. Laser Science Conference Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Digital Imaging in Spray Flames Western States Section/Combustion Institute Fall Meeting Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1985
  • MODELING COAL PARTICLE BEHAVIOR UNDER SIMULTANEOUS DEVOLATILIZATION AND COMBUSTION COMBUSTION AND FLAME Choi, S., Kruger, C. H. 1985; 61 (2): 131-144
  • 2-FREQUENCY LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUE FOR RAPID VELOCITY-FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN GAS-FLOWS OPTICS LETTERS HILLER, B., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 10 (5): 206-208

    Abstract

    A technique is presented for measurements of two-dimensional velocity fields in gas flows. The single-mode frequency of an argon-ion laser is fixed in the wing of an absorption line of iodine molecules that are seeded at low level in the flow of interest. The emitted fluorescence is detected with an image-intensified 100 x 100 photodiode-array camera. Two pairs of counterpropagating laser sheets sequentially probe the flow to determine two velocity components. The frequency in one pair is shifted with respect to the other by an acousto-optic modulator. This two-frequency scheme eliminates the need to determine the slope of the line externally and offers the potential for combined pressure and velocity-field measurements.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1985AGA8900004

    View details for PubMedID 19724395

  • Shock-tube study of HCN self-broadening and broadening by argon for the P(10) line of the ν1 band at 3 μm Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 33 (3): 213–217
  • FAST LASER-INDUCED AEROSOL FORMATION FOR VISUALIZATION OF GAS-FLOWS REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Hassa, C., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 56 (4): 557-559
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF HCN SELF-BROADENING AND BROADENING BY ARGON FOR THE P(10) LINE OF THE V1 BAND AT 3-MU-M JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Chang, A. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 33 (3): 213-217
  • FLOW VISUALIZATION IN LOW-PRESSURE CHAMBERS USING LASER-INDUCED BIACETYL PHOSPHORESCENCE JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B Itoh, F., KYCHAKOFF, G., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 3 (6): 1600-1603
  • INSTANTANEOUS TEMPERATURE-FIELD MEASUREMENTS USING PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OPTICS LETTERS Seitzman, J. M., KYCHAKOFF, G., Hanson, R. K. 1985; 10 (9): 439-441

    Abstract

    A single-pulse, laser-induced-fluorescence diagnostic for the measurement of two-dimensional temperature fields in combustion flows is described. The method uses sheet illumination from a tunable laser to excite planar laserinduced fluorescence in a stable tracer molecule, seeded at constant mole fraction into the flow field. The temporal resolution of this technique is determined by the laser pulse length. Experimental results are presented for a rodstabilized, premixed methane-air flame, using the Q(1) (22) line of the nitric oxide A(2) Sigma(+) (v = 0) ? X(2)II((1/2))(v = 0) transition (lambda approximately 225.6 nm).

    View details for Web of Science ID A1985APM7300005

    View details for PubMedID 19724474

  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF CYANOGEN OXIDATION-KINETICS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 16 (3): 231-250
  • RAPID-TUNING FREQUENCY-DOUBLED RING DYE-LASER FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY IN SHOCK-HEATED GASES APPLIED OPTICS Rea, E. C., SALIMIAN, S., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 23 (11): 1691-1694

    View details for Web of Science ID A1984SU67800007

    View details for PubMedID 20424713

  • VELOCITY VISUALIZATION IN GAS-FLOWS USING LASER-INDUCED PHOSPHORESCENCE OF BIACETYL REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS HILLER, B., BOOMAN, R. A., Hassa, C., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 55 (12): 1964-1967
  • SPATIALLY RESOLVED COMBUSTION MEASUREMENTS USING CROSS-BEAM SATURATED ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY APPLIED OPTICS KYCHAKOFF, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 23 (9): 1303-1305

    View details for Web of Science ID A1984SR30100005

    View details for PubMedID 20424699

  • QUANTITATIVE HIGH-TEMPERATURE ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY OF NCO AT 305 AND 440 NM JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K., Rea, E. C., BOOMAN, R. A. 1984; 32 (4): 353-362
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF THE THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION OF CYANOGEN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS Szekely, A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1984; 80 (10): 4982-4985
  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE STUDY OF THE REACTIONS OF O AND OH WITH NH3 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS SALIMIAN, S., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1984; 16 (6): 725-739
  • TUNABLE DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS OF SPECTRAL PARAMETERS OF HCN AT ROOM-TEMPERATURE JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Varghese, P. L., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 31 (6): 545-559
  • THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION OF HYDROGEN-CYANIDE BEHIND INCIDENT SHOCK-WAVES JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Szekely, A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1984; 88 (4): 666-668
  • FLOW VISUALIZATION IN COMBUSTION GASES USING NITRIC-OXIDE FLUORESCENCE AIAA JOURNAL KYCHAKOFF, G., Knapp, K., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 22 (1): 153-154
  • The Visualization of Turbulent Flame Fronts Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Science Kychakoff, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K., Drake, M. D., Pitz, R., Lapp, M., Penney, C. M. 1984; 224: 382-384
  • Temperature Field Measurements in Combustion Gases Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Fall Meeting, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Kychakoff, G., Seitzman, J. R., Hanson, R. K. 1984
  • Recent Developments in Absorption and Fluorescence Laser Diagnostics for High Temperature Gases L.I.A. (Laser Inst. of America) Hanson, R. K., Louge, M. Y., Rea Jr, E. C., Seitzman, J. M., Hiller, B. 1984; 47 (ICALEO): 98-106
  • AMMONIA OXIDATION IN SHOCK-HEATED NH3-N2O-AR MIXTURES COMBUSTION AND FLAME SALIMIAN, S., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1984; 56 (1): 83-95
  • High Temperature Kinetics of the Free Radical NCO Western States Section/Combustion Institute Meeting Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1984
  • Laser Absorption Techniques for Spectroscopy and Chemical Kinetics Studies in a Shock Tube presented at 14th International Shock Tube Symposium, Sydney , in Shock Tubes and Waves Hanson, R. K., Salimian, S., Rea Jr, E. C. Sydney Symposium Publishers. 1984: 594–601
  • Laser-Based Diagnostics for Flowfield Measurements Amer. Soc. Mech. Eng. AMD Hanson, R. K., Hiller, B., Rea Jr, E. C., Seitzman, J. M., Kychakoff, G., Howe, R. D. 1984; 66: 1-10
  • High-Temperature Determination of the Rate Coefficient for the Reaction CN + H2O -> OH + HCN International Journal of Chemical Kinetics Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1984; 16 (12): 1609-1621

    View details for DOI 10.1002/kin.550161214

  • QUANTITATIVE FLOW VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENTS IN COMBUSTION GASES APPLIED OPTICS KYCHAKOFF, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 23 (5): 704-712

    View details for Web of Science ID A1984SF80300015

    View details for PubMedID 18204630

  • COLLISIONAL NARROWING EFFECTS ON SPECTRAL-LINE SHAPES MEASURED AT HIGH-RESOLUTION APPLIED OPTICS Varghese, P. L., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 23 (14): 2376-2385

    View details for Web of Science ID A1984TA59400036

    View details for PubMedID 18213005

  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE KINETICS OF NCO COMBUSTION AND FLAME Louge, M. Y., Hanson, R. K. 1984; 58 (3): 291-300
  • TUNABLE DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS IN COMBUSTION GASES PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS Hanson, R. K. 1983; 438: 75-83
  • RAPID EXTENDED RANGE TUNING OF SINGLE-MODE RING DYE-LASERS APPLIED OPTICS Rea, E. C., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 22 (4): 518-520

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983QC98900007

    View details for PubMedID 20401145

  • SPATIALLY RESOLVED TUNABLE DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS OF CO USING OPTICAL STARK SHIFTING APPLIED OPTICS Knapp, K., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 22 (13): 1980-1985

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983QX26900011

    View details for PubMedID 18196066

  • SHOCK-TUBE ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS OF OH USING A REMOTELY LOCATED DYE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Hanson, R. K., SALIMIAN, S., KYCHAKOFF, G., BOOMAN, R. A. 1983; 22 (5): 641-643

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983QF11900002

    View details for PubMedID 18195842

  • FIBER-OPTIC ABSORPTION FLUORESCENCE PROBES FOR COMBUSTION MEASUREMENTS APPLIED OPTICS KYCHAKOFF, G., KIMBALLLINNE, M. A., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 22 (10): 1426-1428

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983QQ95300005

    View details for PubMedID 20404872

  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION OF THE RATE COEFFICIENT FOR THE REACTION H2+CN-]H+HCN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Szekely, A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1983; 15 (9): 915-923
  • LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUE FOR VELOCITY-FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN SUBSONIC GAS-FLOWS OPTICS LETTERS HILLER, B., McDaniel, J. C., Rea, E. C., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 8 (9): 474-476

    Abstract

    A nonintrusive optical technique is reported for multiple-point velocity measurements in subsonic flows. The technique is based on the detection of fluorescence from a Doppler-shifted absorption line of seeded iodine molecules excited at a laser frequency fixed in the wing of the line. Counterpropagating laser sheets are used to illuminate the flow, in the present case a nitrogen round jet, thereby eliminating the need for an unshifted reference signal. The fluorescence is detected simultaneously at 10,000 points in a plane of the flow using a 100 x 100 element photodiode-array camera. The velocity at each point is computed from four successive camera frames, each recorded with a different beam direction. The measured mean velocities between 5 and 50 m/sec agree well with data from the literature.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983RE62000004

    View details for PubMedID 19718152

  • TUNABLE DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS OF NITRIC-OXIDE IN COMBUSTION GASES COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FALCONE, P. K., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1983; 35 (1-4): 81-99
  • SIMULTANEOUS MULTIPLE-POINT VELOCITY-MEASUREMENTS USING LASER-INDUCED IODINE FLUORESCENCE OPTICS LETTERS McDaniel, J. C., HILLER, B., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 8 (1): 51-53

    Abstract

    A technique is demonstrated for measuring velocity at multiple locations in a plane of a gaseous flowfield using Doppler-shifted absorption with fluorescence detection from iodine molecules, excited by a sheet of tunable single-axial-mode argon-ion laser radiation at 514.5 nm. Measurements were made simultaneously at 10,000 points in an iodine-seeded supersonic flowfield with a 100 x 100 element photodiode array camera and were found to agree well with a numerical solution for the velocity field. The accuracy with which a component of velocity can be measured is limited, in the current approach, by the iodine linewidth to about +/-5 m/sec.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1983PY53100018

    View details for PubMedID 19714132

  • SHOCK-TUBE DETERMINATION OF THE RATE COEFFICIENT FOR THE REACTION CN+HCN-]C2N2+H INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS Szekely, A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1983; 15 (11): 1237-1241
  • TUNABLE DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS OF THE BAND STRENGTH AND COLLISION HALFWIDTHS OF NITRIC-OXIDE JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER FALCONE, P. K., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1983; 29 (3): 205-221
  • Fully Resolved Absorption/Fluorescence Lineshape Measurements of OH Using a Rapid-Scanning Ring Dye Laser Western States Section/Combustion Institute Fall Meeting Rea Jr, E. C., Hanson, R. K. 1983
  • Quantitative Visualization of Flowfields Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence 3rd Int. Flow Visualization Symp. McDaniel, J. C., Hanson, R. K. 1983
  • The Technique of Rapid Generation of OH Radicals Behind Shock Waves and its Application to the Study of Combustion Kinetics Western States Section/Combustion Institute Fall Meeting Szekely, A., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. 1983
  • Laser-Induced Fluorescence Technique for Velocity Field Measurements in Compressible Flows APS Fluid Dynamics Meeting Hanson, R. K. 1983
  • Tunable Laser Absorption and Fluorescence Techniques for Combustion Research invited paper at fall meeting of the APS Hanson, R. K. 1983
  • ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS OF H2O AT HIGH-TEMPERATURES USING A CO LASER JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER SALIMIAN, S., Hanson, R. K. 1983; 30 (1): 1-7
  • QUANTITATIVE VISUALIZATION OF COMBUSTION SPECIES IN A PLANE APPLIED OPTICS KYCHAKOFF, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K., McDaniel, J. C. 1982; 21 (18): 3225-3227

    View details for Web of Science ID A1982PH31400001

    View details for PubMedID 20396209

  • LASER-ABSORPTION SAMPLING PROBE FOR TEMPORALLY AND SPATIALLY RESOLVED COMBUSTION MEASUREMENTS APPLIED OPTICS SCHOENUNG, S. M., Hanson, R. K. 1982; 21 (10): 1767-1771

    Abstract

    A small sampling probe with a compact in-line absorption cell has been combined with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy for measuring mole fractions of IR-active species in combustion gases with temporal and spatial resolution. The system characteristics are described, and initial results are reported for CO in a CO/air turbulent diffusion flame.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1982NP90600018

    View details for PubMedID 20389937

  • Quantitative Flow Visualization in Combustion Gases Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Meeting Kychakoff, G., Knapp, K., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1982
  • Shock Tube Study of the Thermal Dissociation of Hydrogen Cyanide Shock Tubes and Waves Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T. State University of New York Press. 1982: 617–621
  • Gas Phase Reaction Kinetics of NOx Formation from Fuel Nitrogen in Fossil Fuel Combustion Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K., Louge, M., Garman, A. 1982
  • A Fiber-Optic Fluorescence Probe for Species Measurements in Combustors Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Meeting, Livermore, CA Kimball-Linne, M. A., Kychakoff, G., Hanson, R. K., Booman, R. A. 1982: 82-50
  • Tunable laser Absorption/Fluorescence Fiberoptic Probe for Combustion Measurements Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Kychakoff, G., Hanson, R. K. 1981: 81-50
  • CO AND TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS IN A FLAT FLAME BY LASER-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY AND PROBE TECHNIQUES COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOENUNG, S. M., Hanson, R. K. 1981; 24 (5-6): 227-237
  • ROOM-TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS OF COLLISION WIDTHS OF CO LINES BROADENED BY H2O JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Varghese, P. L., Hanson, R. K. 1981; 88 (1): 234-235
  • OPTICAL FIBER PROBE USING TUNABLE LASER-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY FOR COMBUSTION MEASUREMENTS PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS KYCHAKOFF, G., Hanson, R. K. 1981; 288: 236-240
  • COLLISION WIDTH MEASUREMENTS OF CO IN COMBUSTION GASES USING A TUNABLE DIODE-LASER JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Varghese, P. L., Hanson, R. K. 1981; 26 (4): 339-347
  • Tunable infrared diode laser measurements of line strengths and collision widths of 12C 16O at room temperature Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Varghese, P. L., Hanson, R. K. 1980; 24 (6): 479-489
  • ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY IN SOOTING FLAMES USING A TUNABLE DIODE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Hanson, R. K. 1980; 19 (4): 482-484

    View details for Web of Science ID A1980JF68400004

    View details for PubMedID 20216877

  • PERFORMANCE OF A CW DOUBLE ELECTRIC-DISCHARGE FOR SUPERSONIC CO LASERS JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Stanton, A. C., Hanson, R. K., MITCHNER, M. 1980; 51 (3): 1370-1378
  • VIBRATIONAL KINETICS IN CO ELECTRIC-DISCHARGE LASERS - MODELING AND EXPERIMENTS JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Stanton, A. C., Hanson, R. K., MITCHNER, M. 1980; 51 (3): 1360-1369
  • A KINETIC-STUDY OF NO REMOVAL FROM COMBUSTION GASES BY INJECTION OF NHI-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SALIMIAN, S., Hanson, R. K. 1980; 23 (5-6): 225-230
  • Thermal Decomposition of NH3 in Shock Waves Shock Tube and Waves Roose, T. R., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1980: 476
  • SHOCK-TUBE MEASUREMENTS OF RATE COEFFICIENTS OF ELEMENTARY GAS REACTIONS JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Bowman, C. T., Hanson, R. K. 1979; 83 (6): 757-763
  • Combustion Gas Measurements Using Tunable Laser Absorption Spectroscopy 17th Aerospace Sciences Meeting Hanson, R. K. 1979

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.1979-86

  • Measurements of Nitric Oxide in Combustion Gases Using a Tunable Diode Laser Autumn meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute Falcone, P. K., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1979: 79-53
  • CO Measurements in Combustion Gases by Laser Absorption Spectroscopy and Probe Sampling Western States Section, Combustion Institute Paper Schoenung, S. M., Hanson, R. K., Falcone, P. K. 1978: #78-46
  • TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASES USING A TUNABLE DIODE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Hanson, R. K., FALCONE, P. K. 1978; 17 (16): 2477-2480

    View details for Web of Science ID A1978FL55800004

    View details for PubMedID 20203804

  • KINETICS OF NITROUS-OXIDE DECOMPOSITION COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MONAT, J. P., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1977; 16 (1-2): 21-28
  • HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF COMBUSTION GASES USING A TUNABLE IR DIODE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Hanson, R. K., Kuntz, P. A., Kruger, C. H. 1977; 16 (8): 2045-2048

    View details for Web of Science ID A1977DP74300020

    View details for PubMedID 20168872

  • SHOCK-TUBE SPECTROSCOPY - ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATION WITH A TUNABLE DIODE-LASER APPLIED OPTICS Hanson, R. K. 1977; 16 (6): 1479-1481

    View details for Web of Science ID A1977DG48200019

    View details for PubMedID 20168718

  • FLOW TUBE REACTOR STUDY OF THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION RATES OF NITRIC-OXIDE COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY McCullough, R. W., Kruger, C. H., Hanson, R. K. 1977; 15 (5-6): 213-223
  • EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY OF NITRIC-OXIDE DECOMPOSITION BY REACTION WITH HYDROGEN COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Flower, W. L., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1977; 15 (3-4): 115-128
  • ABSORPTION OF CO LASER-RADIATION BY NO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER Hanson, R. K., MONAT, J. P., Kruger, C. H. 1976; 16 (8): 705-713
  • Measurements of the Reaction Rate Constants of NO + O -> N + O2 and NO + H -> N + OH at 1700 and 2100 K Western States Section, Combustion Institute McCullough, R. W., Kruger, C. H., Hanson, R. K. 1976
  • DOUBLE-DISCHARGE ARRANGEMENT FOR CW ELECTRICAL EXCITATION OF SUPERSONIC FLOWS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Blom, J. H., Hanson, R. K. 1975; 26 (4): 190-192
  • Decomposition of NO Studied by Infrared Emission and CO Laser Absorption Modern Developments in Shock Tube Research, 10th International Shock Tube Symposium Hanson, R. K., Flower, W. L., Monat, J. P., Kruger, C. H. edited by Kamimoto, G. Shock Tube Research Society. 1975: 536
  • DETERMINATION OF RATE CONSTANT FOR REACTION O+NO-]N+O2 COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Hanson, R. K., Flower, W. L., Kruger, C. H. 1974; 9 (3-4): 79-86
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF CARBON-MONOXIDE DISSOCIATION KINETICS JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS Hanson, R. K. 1974; 60 (12): 4970-4976
  • The Dissociation of Shock-Heated Carbon Monoxide in Recent Developments in Shock Tube Research Hanson, R. K. Stanford University Press. 1973: 365
  • VERIFICATION OF A SIMPLE RELATIONSHIP FOR SHOCK-WAVE REFLECTION IN A RELAXING GAS AIAA JOURNAL Hanson, R. K., FLOWER, W. 1973; 11 (12): 1777-1778
  • EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SHOCK-WAVE REFLECTION FROM A THERMALLY ACCOMMODATING WALL PHYSICS OF FLUIDS Hanson, R. K. 1973; 16 (3): 369-374
  • IMPROVED FAST RESPONSE PRESSURE GAUGE FOR SHOCK REFLECTION STUDIES IN IONIZED GASES REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Hanson, R. K., Baganoff, D. 1972; 43 (3): 394-?
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF NITROGEN DISSOCIATION RATES USING PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS AIAA JOURNAL Hanson, R. K., Baganoff, D. 1972; 10 (2): 211-?
  • Shock-Wave Reflection in a Relaxing Gas Journal of Fluid Mechanics Hanson, R. K. 1971; 45 (4): 721-746
  • IONIZATION RELAXATION TIME MEASUREMENTS IN NEON JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS Hanson, R. K. 1971; 55 (7): 3601-?
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION IN CARBON MONOXIDE USING PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS AIAA JOURNAL Hanson, R. K. 1971; 9 (9): 1811-?
  • The Influence of Film Thickness on the Calibration of Thin-Film-Gauge Backing Materials AIAA Journal Hanson, R. K. 1971; 9: 975-977

    View details for DOI 10.2514/3.6317

  • Study of Gas-Solid Interaction Using Shock-Wave Reflection in Shock-Tube Research Hanson, R. K. Imperial College, London. 1971: 1–12
  • REFLECTION OF A SHOCK WAVE INTO A DENSITY GRADIENT AIAA JOURNAL Hanson, R. K., Baganoff, D. 1970; 8 (4): 805-?
  • SHOCK-TUBE STUDY OF VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION IN NITROGEN USING PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS Hanson, R. K., Baganoff, D. 1970; 53 (11): 4401-?
  • NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF REFLECTED SHOCK-WAVE FLOWFIELDS WITH NONEQUILIBRIUM CHEMICAL REACTIONS AIAA JOURNAL Presley, L. L., Hanson, R. K. 1969; 7 (12): 2267-?
  • Numerical Solutions of Reflected Shock-Wave Flowfields with Nonequilibrium Chemical Reactions Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference Presley, L. L., Hanson, R. K. 1968

    View details for DOI 10.2514/6.1968-732

  • EFFECTS OF DISSOCIATION RATE MAGNITUDES AND RELATIVE COLLISION EFFICIENCIES ON RELAXATION PROFILES IN DIATOMIC GASES AIAA JOURNAL Hanson, R. K., Watson, R. 1966; 4 (4): 749-?
  • Investigation of Nitric Oxide Decomposition in the Temperature Range 2500-4100oK Spring meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute Flower, W. L., Hanson, R. K., Kruger, C. H. 1974
  • Laser Fluorescence Imaging Diagnostics for Gaseous Flows Lasers '85; Proceedings of the 8th International Conference Hanson, R. K., Seitzman, J. M., Haumann, J., Lee, M. P., Paul, P. H. 1985
  • Laser Fluorescence Imaging of Temperature Fields in Air CLEO 1986 Paul, P. H., Lee, M. P., Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Resonance Absorption Spectroscopy of Combustion Gases Using Tunable Infrared Diode Lasers Fall Meeting of the Eastern States Section, The Combustion Institute Hanson, R. K., Kuntz, P. A., Kruger, C. H. 1976
  • Fundamental Kinetics Database Utilizing Shock Tube Measurements: Reaction Rate Measurements High Temperature Gasdynamics Laboratory Davidson, D., F., Hanson, R., K. ; 3
  • Preliminary Investigation into the Influence of Transverse Waves in PDE Simulations 21st Int. Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Owens, Z. K., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Tunable Mid-IR Sensing of a JR10-Fueled Pulse Detonation Engine 21st Int. Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems Barbour, E. A., Hutcheson, P., Brophy, C., Sinibaldi, J. O., Hanson, R. K. 2007
  • Fiber-Optic Sensor Systems for Industrial Monitoring Applications CLEO 1984 Kychakoff, G., Paul, P. H., Hanson, R. K. 1984
  • Species Imaging in Spray Flames CLEO 1986 Allen, M. G., Hanson, R. K. 1986
  • Temperature Field Measurements in Combustion Gases Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence CLEO 1984 Kychakoff, G., Seitzman, J. M., Hanson, R. K. 1984
  • High-temperature Shock Tube Measurements of Methyl Radical Decomposition 19th Int. Symp. on Gas Kinetics Vasudevan, V., Hanson, R. K., Bowman, C. T., Golden, D. M. 2006
  • Combined Measurements of Velocity and Pressure Fields in Compressible Flows Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence Proceedings of the 8th International Conference, Lasers '85 Hiller, B., Hanson, R. K. 1985
  • Constrained Reaction Volume: A Strategy for Reflected Shock Wave Experiments 24th ICDERS Hanson, R. K., Chakraborty, S., Pang, G. A., Ren, W., Wang, S., Davidson, D. F. 2013
  • Spectroscopic diagnostics using tunable diode lasers CLEO 1995 Hanson, R. K. 1995
  • Laser absorption sampling probe for temporally and spatially resolved combustion measurements CLEO 1981 Schoenung, S. M., Hanson, R. K. 1981
  • Current trends in imaging diagnostics for gaseous flows CLEO 1985 Hanson, R. K. 1985
  • Use of planar laser-induced fluorescence for combustion measurements CLEO 1983 Kychakoff, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1983
  • Spatially resolved combustion measurements using crossed-beam saturated absorption spectroscopy CLEO 1982 Kychakoff, G., Howe, R. D., Hanson, R. K. 1982
  • Laser-induced fluorescence technique for velocity field measurements in subsonic flows CLEO 1983 McDaniel, J. C., Hiller, B., Hanson, R. K. 1983