China's municipal wastewater policies enhanced seafood safety and offset health risks from atmospheric mercury emissions in the past four decades.
Nature food
Cai, X., Yang, M., Liu, M., Chen, Y., Yu, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, Q., Ma, S., Dou, X., Meng, J., Wang, X.
2025
Abstract
The neurotoxin methylmercury in seafood threatens food safety worldwide. China has implemented stringent wastewater policies, established numerous treatment facilities and enforced rigorous water quality standards to address pollution in its waterways. However, the impact of these policies on seafood safety and methylmercury exposure remains unknown. Here we developed a process-based model showing that, although mercury reductions from municipal wastewater policies accounted for only 9% of atmospheric mercury emissions during 1980-2022, these measures unexpectedly prevented 102,000 - 6,600 + 11,000 mercury-related deaths and counteracted nearly two thirds of potential deaths from those emissions. Furthermore, these policies ensured that 146 - 9 + 8 megatonnes of freshwater seafood met the World Health Organization and China's mercury-safety standards, preventing US $ 498 - 29 + 32 billion in economic losses. Finally, we explore how China, as the primary global seafood producer and exporter, could develop municipal wastewater policies at the regional level to reduce aquatic pollutants and unlock the health benefits of seafood consumption.
View details for DOI 10.1038/s43016-024-01093-9
View details for PubMedID 39748033
View details for PubMedCentralID 6055202
Global Carbon Budget 2023
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. E., Hauck, J., Landschutzer, P., Le Quere, C., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R. B., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Becker, M., Bellouin, N., Decharme, B., Bopp, L., Brasika, I., Cadule, P., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chau, T., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Cronin, M., Dou, X., Enyo, K., Evans, W., Falk, S., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Gasser, T., Ghattas, J., Gkritzalis, T., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Gurses, O., Harris, I., Hefner, M., Heinke, J., Houghton, R. A., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A., Jarnikova, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jin, Z., Joos, F., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Kennedy, D., Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Korsbakken, J., Koertzinger, A., Lan, X., Lefevre, N., Li, H., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Ma, L., Marland, G., Mayot, N., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Meyer, G., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Nakaoka, S., Niwa, Y., O'Brien, K. M., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Paulsen, M., Pierrot, D., Pocock, K., Poulter, B., Powis, C. M., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Robertson, E., Roedenbeck, C., Rosan, T. M., Schwinger, J., Seferian, R., Smallman, T., Smith, S. M., Sospedra-Alfonso, R., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Takao, S., Tans, P. P., Tian, H., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van der Werf, G. R., van Ooijen, E., Wanninkhof, R., Watanabe, M., Wimart-Rousseau, C., Yang, D., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., Zaehle, S., Zeng, J., Zheng, B.
2023; 15 (12): 5301-5369
Global patterns of daily CO2 emissions reductions in the first year of COVID-19
NATURE GEOSCIENCE
Liu, Z., Deng, Z., Zhu, B., Ciais, P., Davis, S. J., Tan, J., Andrew, R. M., Boucher, O., Ben Arous, S., Canadell, J. G., Dou, X., Friedlingstein, P., Gentine, P., Guo, R., Hong, C., Jackson, R. B., Kammen, D. M., Ke, P., Le Quere, C., Monica, C., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Peters, G. P., Tanaka, K., Wang, Y., Zheng, B., Zhong, H., Sun, T., Schellnhuber, H.
2022
Global Carbon Budget 2021
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
Friedlingstein, P., Jones, M. W., O'Sullivan, M., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. E., Hauck, J., Le Quere, C., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R. B., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Bates, N. R., Becker, M., Bellouin, N., Bopp, L., Chau, T., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Cronin, M., Currie, K. I., Decharme, B., Djeutchouang, L. M., Dou, X., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Gasser, T., Gilfillan, D., Gkritzalis, T., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Gurses, O., Harris, I., Houghton, R. A., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Luijkx, I. T., Jain, A., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Kennedy, D., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Korsbakken, J., Kortzinger, A., Landschutzer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefevre, N., Lienert, S., Liu, J., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., Melton, J. R., Munro, D. R., Nabel, J. S., Nakaoka, S., Niwa, Y., Ono, T., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Robertson, E., Rodenbeck, C., Rosan, T. M., Schwinger, J., Schwingshackl, C., Seferian, R., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Tanhua, T., Tans, P. P., Tian, H., Tilbrook, B., Tubiello, F., van der Werf, G. R., Vuichard, N., Wada, C., Wanninkhof, R., Watson, A. J., Willis, D., Wiltshire, A. J., Yuan, W., Yue, C., Yue, X., Zaehle, S., Zeng, J.
2022; 14 (4): 1917-2005