Bio


Aharon Kapitulnik is the Theodore and Sydney Rosenberg Professor in Applied Physics at the Departments of Applied Physics and Physics at Stanford University. His research focuses on experimental condensed matter physics, while opportunistically, also apply his methods to tabletop experimental studies of fundamental phenomena in physics. His recent studies cover a broad spectrum of phenomena associated with the behavior of correlated and disordered electron systems, particularly in reduced dimensions, and the development of effective instrumentation to detect subtle signatures of physical phenomena.

Among other recognitions, his activities earned him the Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship (1986-90), a Presidential Young Investigator Award (1987-92), a Sackler Scholar at Tel-Aviv University (2006), the Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Prize for Superconductivity Experiment (2009), a RTRA (Le Triangle de la Physique) Senior Chair (2010), and the Oliver Buckley Condensed Matter Prize of the American Physical Society (2015). Aharon Kapitulnik is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Kapitulnik holds a Ph.D. in Physics from Tel-Aviv University (1984).

Academic Appointments


Administrative Appointments


  • Chair, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University (2005 - 2010)
  • Deputy Director, Laboratory for Advanced materials, Stanford University (2000 - 2002)
  • Visiting Professor, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (2000 - 2001)
  • Director, center for Materials Research, Stanford University (1999 - 2000)
  • Chair, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University (1996 - 1999)
  • Professor of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University (1994 - Present)
  • Visiting Professor, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, and U. of Paris XI, Orsay (1992 - 1992)
  • Associate Professor of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University (1990 - 1994)
  • Assistant Professor of Applied Physics, Stanford University (1985 - 1990)
  • Assistant Professor in Residence, UC Santa Barbara (1985 - 1985)
  • Associate Member, Institute for Theoretical Physics, UC Santa Barbara (1983 - 1984)
  • Weizmann postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Physics, UC Santa Barbara (1983 - 1984)

Honors & Awards


  • Elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2022)
  • Elected member, National Academy of Science (2015)
  • The 2015 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Physics Prize., American Physical Society (2015)
  • EPIQS Experimental Investigator Award, Moore Foundation (2014)
  • The Yuval Ne'eman Memorial Lecture, Tel Aviv University, Israel (2014)
  • Einstein Colloquium, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel (2012)
  • Senior Chair, Le Triangle de la Physique, (Polytechnique-Orsay-Saclay), France (2011-2014)
  • Alexander von Humboldt Research Award, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany (2011)
  • Elected Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2009)
  • Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Prize for Outstanding Superconductivity Experiments, International Award (2009)
  • Colloquium Pierre et Marie CURIE, Paris, France (2007)
  • Sackler Professor by Special Appointment, School of Physics and astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Israel (2006-2015)
  • Niels-Bohr lecture, The Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark (2000)
  • Distinguished Lecturer in Materials Physics, Penn State University (1994)
  • Elected Fellow, American Physical Society (1994)
  • Presidential Young Investigator Award, National Science Foundation (1987-1992)
  • Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (1986-1990)

Boards, Advisory Committees, Professional Organizations


  • Member, National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Condensed Matter and Materials Research (CCMR) (2016 - 2022)
  • Member of Scientific Advisory Board, Conductus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA (1987 - 1996)
  • Member of Executive Committee, DCMP, American Physical Society (2008 - 2011)
  • Member, Governing Body of the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Institute of Solid State Physics., Tel-Aviv University, Israel. (2007 - Present)

Professional Education


  • Ph.D, Tel Aviv University, Israel, Physics (1984)
  • B.Sc, Tel Aviv University, Israel, Physics (1978)

2024-25 Courses


Stanford Advisees


All Publications


  • Emergent tetragonality in a fundamentally orthorhombic material. Science advances Singh, A. G., Bachmann, M. D., Sanchez, J. J., Pandey, A., Kapitulnik, A., Kim, J. W., Ryan, P. J., Kivelson, S. A., Fisher, I. R. 2024; 10 (21): eadk3321

    Abstract

    Symmetry plays a key role in determining the physical properties of materials. By Neumann's principle, the properties of a material remain invariant under the symmetry operations of the space group to which the material belongs. Continuous phase transitions are associated with a spontaneous reduction in symmetry. Less common are examples where proximity to a continuous phase transition leads to an increase in symmetry. We find signatures of an emergent tetragonal symmetry close to a charge density wave (CDW) bicritical point in a fundamentally orthorhombic material, ErTe3, for which the two distinct CDW phase transitions are tuned via anisotropic strain. We first establish that tension along the a axis favors an abrupt rotation of the CDW wave vector from the c to a axis and infer the presence of a bicritical point where the two continuous phase transitions meet. We then observe a divergence of the nematic elastoresistivity approaching this putative bicritical point, indicating an emergent tetragonality in the critical behavior.

    View details for DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adk3321

    View details for PubMedID 38781340

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC11114214

  • Emergent Z2 symmetry near a charge density wave multicritical point PHYSICAL REVIEW B Kivelson, S. A., Pandey, A., Singh, A. G., Kapitulnik, A., Fisher, I. R. 2023; 108 (20)
  • High Resolution Polar Kerr Effect Studies of CsV_{3}Sb_{5}: Tests for Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking below the Charge-Order Transition. Physical review letters Saykin, D. R., Farhang, C., Kountz, E. D., Chen, D., Ortiz, B. R., Shekhar, C., Felser, C., Wilson, S. D., Thomale, R., Xia, J., Kapitulnik, A. 2023; 131 (1): 016901

    Abstract

    We report high resolution polar Kerr effect measurements on CsV_{3}Sb_{5} single crystals in search of signatures of spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking below the charge-order transition at T^{*}≈94  K. Utilizing two different versions of zero-area loop Sagnac interferometers operating at 1550 nm wavelength, each with the fundamental attribute that without a time-reversal symmetry breaking sample at its path, the interferometer is perfectly reciprocal, we find no observable Kerr effect to within the noise floor limit of the apparatus at 30 nanoradians. Simultaneous coherent reflection ratio measurements confirm the sharpness of the charge-order transition in the same optical volume as the Kerr measurements. At finite magnetic field we observe a sharp onset of a diamagnetic shift in the Kerr signal at T^{*}, which persists down to the lowest temperature without change in trend. Since 1550 nm is an energy that was shown to capture all features of the optical properties of the material that interact with the charge-order transition, we are led to conclude that it is highly unlikely that time-reversal symmetry is broken in the charge ordered state in CsV_{3}Sb_{5}.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.016901

    View details for PubMedID 37478434

  • Anomalous metals: From "failed superconductor" to "failed insulator". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Zhang, X., Palevski, A., Kapitulnik, A. 2022; 119 (29): e2202496119

    Abstract

    Resistivity saturation is found on both superconducting and insulating sides of an "avoided" magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition (H-SIT) in a two-dimensional In/InOx composite, where the anomalous metallic behavior cuts off conductivity or resistivity divergence in the zero-temperature limit. The granular morphology of the material implies a system of Josephson junctions (JJs) with a broad distribution of Josephson coupling EJ and charging energy EC, with an H-SIT determined by the competition between EJ and EC. By virtue of self-duality across the true H-SIT, we invoke macroscopic quantum tunneling effects to explain the temperature-independent resistance where the "failed superconductor" side is a consequence of phase fluctuations and the "failed insulator" side results from charge fluctuations. While true self-duality is lost in the avoided transition, its vestiges are argued to persist, owing to the incipient duality of the percolative nature of the dissipative path in the underlying random JJ system.

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.2202496119

    View details for PubMedID 35858313

  • Observation of broken inversion and chiral symmetries in the pseudogap phase in single- and double-layer bismuth-based cuprates PHYSICAL REVIEW B Lim, S., Varma, C. M., Eisaki, H., Kapitulnik, A. 2022; 105 (15)
  • Interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in UTe2 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Wei, D. S., Saykin, D., Miller, O. Y., Ran, S., Saha, S. R., Agterberg, D. F., Schmalian, J., Butch, N. P., Paglione, J., Kapitulnik, A. 2022; 105 (2)
  • Superconductor-insulator transitions in three-dimensional indium-oxide at high pressures. Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal Hen, B., Shelukhin, V., Greenberg, E., Rozenberg, G. K., Kapitulnik, A., Palevski, A. 1800

    Abstract

    Experiments investigating magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition (HSIT) mostly focus on two-dimensional material systems where the transition and its proximate ground-state phases, often exhibit features that are seemingly at odds with the expected behavior. Here we present a complementary study of a three-dimensional pressure-packed amorphous indium-oxide (InOx) powder where granularity controls the HSIT. Above a low threshold pressure of ~0.2 GPa, vestiges of superconductivity are detected, although neither a true superconducting transition nor insulating behavior are observed. Instead, a saturation at very high resistivity at low pressure is followed by saturation at very low resistivity at higher pressure. We identify both as different manifestations of anomalous metallic phases dominated by superconducting fluctuations. By analogy with previous identification of the low resistance saturation as a "failed superconductor", our data suggests that the very high resistance saturation is a manifestation of a "failed insulator". Above a threshold pressure of ~6 GPa, the sample becomes fully packed, and superconductivity is robust, with TC tunable with pressure. A quantum critical point at PC~25 GPa marks the complete suppression of superconductivity. For a finite pressure below PC, a magnetic field is shown to induce a HSIT from a true zero-resistance superconducting state to a weakly insulating behavior. Determining the critical field, HC, we show that similar to the 2D behavior, the insulating-like state maintains a superconducting character, which is quenched at higher field, above which the magnetoresistance decreases to its fermionic normal state value.

    View details for DOI 10.1088/1361-648X/ac48bf

    View details for PubMedID 34991085

  • Emergence of ferromagnetism through the metal-insulator transition in undoped indium tin oxide films PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS Mumford, S., Paul, T., Kapitulnik, A. 2021; 5 (12)
  • Nanoscale Turing patterns in a bismuth monolayer NATURE PHYSICS Fuseya, Y., Katsuno, H., Behnia, K., Kapitulnik, A. 2021
  • Robust anomalous metallic states and vestiges of self-duality in two-dimensional granular In-InOx composites NPJ QUANTUM MATERIALS Zhang, X., Hen, B., Palevski, A., Kapitulnik, A. 2021; 6 (1)
  • Universal Bound to the Amplitude of the Vortex Nernst Signal in Superconductors. Physical review letters Rischau, C. W., Li, Y., Fauqué, B., Inoue, H., Kim, M., Bell, C., Hwang, H. Y., Kapitulnik, A., Behnia, K. 2021; 126 (7): 077001

    Abstract

    A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting fluctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst effect in two-dimensional heterostructures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below T_{c} is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic fields. In four superconductors belonging to different families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈k_{B}ln2.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001

    View details for PubMedID 33666461

  • Universal Bound to the Amplitude of the Vortex Nernst Signal in Superconductors PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Rischau, C., Li, Y., Fauque, B., Inoue, H., Kim, M., Bell, C., Hwang, H. Y., Kapitulnik, A., Behnia, K. 2021; 126 (7)
  • Superconductor-insulator transition in two-dimensional indium-indium-oxide composite. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Hen, B., Zhang, X., Shelukhin, V., Kapitulnik, A., Palevski, A. 2021; 118 (2)

    Abstract

    The magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition was studied in a hybrid system of superconducting indium islands, deposited on an indium oxide (InOx) thin film, which exhibits global superconductivity at low magnetic fields. Vacuum annealing was used to tune the conductivity of the InOx film, thereby tuning the inergrain coupling and the nature of the transition. The hybrid system exhibits a "giant" magnetoresistance above the magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition (H-SIT), with critical behavior similar to that of uniform InOx films but at much lower magnetic fields, that manifests the duality between Cooper pairs and vortices. A key feature of this hybrid system is the separation between the quantum criticality and the onset of nonequilibrium behavior.

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.2015970118

    View details for PubMedID 33380458

  • Robust superconductivity intertwined with charge density wave and disorder in Pd-intercalated ErTe3 PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH Fang, A., Singh, A. G., Straquadine, J. W., Fisher, I. R., Kivelson, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2020; 2 (4)
  • Sample shape and boundary dependence of measured transverse thermal properties JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Mumford, S., Paul, T., Kountz, E., Kapitulnik, A. 2020; 128 (17)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/5.0024253

    View details for Web of Science ID 000589711700001

  • A cantilever torque magnetometry method for the measurement of Hall conductivity of highly resistive samples REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Mumford, S., Paul, T., Lee, S., Yacoby, A., Kapitulnik, A. 2020; 91 (4)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.5143451

    View details for Web of Science ID 000524512500001

  • A cantilever torque magnetometry method for the measurement of Hall conductivity of highly resistive samples. The Review of scientific instruments Mumford, S., Paul, T., Lee, S. H., Yacoby, A., Kapitulnik, A. 2020; 91 (4): 045001

    Abstract

    We present the first measurements of Hall conductivity utilizing a torque magnetometry method. A Corbino disk exhibits a magnetic dipole moment proportional to Hall conductivity when voltage is applied across a test material. This magnetic dipole moment can be measured through torque magnetometry. The symmetry of this contactless technique allows for the measurement of Hall conductivity in previously inaccessible materials. Finally, we calculate a low-temperature noise bound, demonstrate the lack of systematic errors, and measure the Hall conductivity of sputtered indium tin oxide.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.5143451

    View details for PubMedID 32357748

  • Disorder-induced suppression of charge density wave order: STM study of Pd-intercalated ErTe3 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Fang, A., Straquadine, J. W., Fisher, I. R., Kivelson, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2019; 100 (23)
  • Thermal diffusivity above the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit PHYSICAL REVIEW B Zhang, J., Kountz, E. D., Levenson-Falk, E. M., Song, D., Greene, R. L., Kapitulnik, A. 2019; 100 (24)
  • Thermalization and possible signatures of quantum chaos in complex crystalline materials. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Zhang, J., Kountz, E. D., Behnia, K., Kapitulnik, A. 2019

    Abstract

    Analyses of thermal diffusivity data on complex insulators and on strongly correlated electron systems hosted in similar complex crystal structures suggest that quantum chaos is a good description for thermalization processes in these systems, particularly in the high-temperature regime where the many phonon bands and their interactions dominate the thermal transport. Here we observe that for these systems diffusive thermal transport is controlled by a universal Planckian timescale [Formula: see text] and a unique velocity [Formula: see text] Specifically, [Formula: see text] for complex insulators, and [Formula: see text] in the presence of strongly correlated itinerant electrons ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the phonon and electron velocities, respectively). For the complex correlated electron systems we further show that charge diffusivity, while also reaching the Planckian relaxation bound, is largely dominated by the Fermi velocity of the electrons, hence suggesting that it is only the thermal (energy) diffusivity that describes chaos diffusivity.

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1910131116

    View details for PubMedID 31515452

  • Colloquium: Anomalous metals: Failed superconductors REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS Kapitulnik, A., Kivelson, S. A., Spivak, B. 2019; 91 (1)
  • A lower bound to the thermal diffusivity of insulators. Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal Behnia, K. n., Kapitulnik, A. n. 2019

    Abstract

    It has been known for decades that thermal conductivity of insulating crystals becomes proportional to the inverse of temperature when the latter is comparable to, or higher than, the Debye temperature. This behavior has been understood as resulting from Umklapp scattering among phonons. We put under scrutiny the magnitude of the thermal diffusion constant in this regime and find that it does not fall below a threshold set by the square of sound velocity times the Planckian time ($\tau_p=\hbar/k_BT$). The conclusion, based on scrutinizing the ratio in cubic crystals with high thermal resistivity, appears to hold even in glasses where Umklapp events are not conceivable. Explaining this boundary, reminiscent of a recently-noticed limit for charge transport in metals, is a challenge to theory.

    View details for DOI 10.1088/1361-648X/ab2db6

    View details for PubMedID 31252425

  • Two-stage proximity-induced gap opening in topological-insulator-insulating-ferromagnet (BixSb1-x)(2)Te-3-EuS bilayers PHYSICAL REVIEW B Yang, Q., Kapitulnik, A. 2018; 98 (8)
  • Bursting at the seams: Rippled monolayer bismuth on NbSe2 SCIENCE ADVANCES Fang, A., Adamo, C., Jia, S., Cava, R. J., Wu, S., Felser, C., Kapitulnik, A. 2018; 4 (4): eaaq0330

    Abstract

    Bismuth, one of the heaviest semimetals in nature, ignited the interest of the materials physics community for its potential impact on topological quantum material systems that use its strong spin-orbit coupling and unique orbital hybridization. In particular, recent theoretical predictions of unique topological and superconducting properties of thin bismuth films and interfaces prompted intense research on the growth of submonolayers to a few monolayers of bismuth on different substrates. Similar to bulk rhombohedral bismuth, the initial growth of bismuth films on most substrates results in buckled bilayers that grow in either the (111) or (110) directions, with a lattice constant close to that of bulk Bi. By contrast, we show a new growth pattern for bismuth monolayers on NbSe2. We find that the initial growth of Bi can form a strongly bonded commensurate layer, resulting in a compressively strained two-dimensional (2D) triangular lattice. We also observed unique pattern of 1D ripples and domain walls is observed. The single layer of bismuth also introduces strong marks on the electronic properties at the surface.

    View details for PubMedID 29662952

  • Particle-hole symmetry reveals failed superconductivity in the metallic phase of two-dimensional superconducting films. Science advances Breznay, N. P., Kapitulnik, A. 2017; 3 (9): e1700612

    Abstract

    Electrons confined to two dimensions display an unexpected diversity of behaviors as they are cooled to absolute zero. Noninteracting electrons are predicted to eventually "localize" into an insulating ground state, and it has long been supposed that electron correlations stabilize only one other phase: superconductivity. However, many two-dimensional (2D) superconducting materials have shown surprising evidence for metallic behavior, where the electrical resistivity saturates in the zero-temperature limit; the nature of this unexpected metallic state remains under intense scrutiny. We report electrical transport properties for two disordered 2D superconductors, indium oxide and tantalum nitride, and observe a magnetic field-tuned transition from a true superconductor to a metallic phase with saturated resistivity. This metallic phase is characterized by a vanishing Hall resistivity, suggesting that it retains particle-hole symmetry from the disrupted superconducting state.

    View details for DOI 10.1126/sciadv.1700612

    View details for PubMedID 28929135

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5600526

  • . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Zhang, J., Levenson-Falk, E. M., Ramshaw, B. J., Bonn, D. A., Liang, R., Hardy, W. N., Hartnoll, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2017; 114 (21): 5378-5383

    Abstract

    The thermal diffusivity in the [Formula: see text] plane of underdoped YBCO crystals is measured by means of a local optical technique in the temperature range of 25-300 K. The phase delay between a point heat source and a set of detection points around it allows for high-resolution measurement of the thermal diffusivity and its in-plane anisotropy. Although the magnitude of the diffusivity may suggest that it originates from phonons, its anisotropy is comparable with reported values of the electrical resistivity anisotropy. Furthermore, the anisotropy drops sharply below the charge order transition, again similar to the electrical resistivity anisotropy. Both of these observations suggest that the thermal diffusivity has pronounced electronic as well as phononic character. At the same time, the small electrical and thermal conductivities at high temperatures imply that neither well-defined electron nor phonon quasiparticles are present in this material. We interpret our results through a strongly interacting incoherent electron-phonon "soup" picture characterized by a diffusion constant [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the soup velocity, and scattering of both electrons and phonons saturates a quantum thermal relaxation time [Formula: see text].

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1703416114

    View details for PubMedID 28484003

  • Anomalous thermal diffusivity in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Zhang, J., Levenson-Falk, E. M., Ramshaw, B. J., Bonn, D. A., Liang, R., Hardy, W. N., Hartnoll, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2017; 114 (21): 5378-5383
  • Self-duality and a Hall-insulator phase near the superconductor-to-insulator transition in indium-oxide films. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Breznay, N. P., Steiner, M. A., Kivelson, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2016; 113 (2): 280-5

    Abstract

    We combine measurements of the longitudinal (ρxx) and Hall (ρxy) resistivities of disordered 2D amorphous indium-oxide films to study the magnetic-field tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition (H-SIT) in the T --> 0 limit. At the critical field, Hc, the full resistivity tensor is T independent with ρxx(Hc) = h/4e(2) and ρxy(Hc) = 0 within experimental uncertainty in all films (i.e., these appear to be "universal" values); this is strongly suggestive that there is a particle-vortex self-duality at H = Hc. The transition separates the (presumably) superconducting state at H < Hc from a "Hall-insulator" phase in which ρxx --> ∞ as T --> 0 whereas ρxy approaches a nonzero value smaller than its "classical value" H/nec; i.e., 0 < ρxy < H/nec. A still higher characteristic magnetic field, Hc* > Hc, at which the Hall resistance is T independent and roughly equal to its classical value, ρxy ≈ H/nec, marks an additional crossover to a high-field regime (probably to a Fermi insulator) in which ρxy > H/nec and possibly diverges as T --> 0. We also highlight a profound analogy between the H-SIT and quantum-Hall liquid-to-insulator transitions (QHIT).

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1522435113

    View details for PubMedID 26712029

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC4720312

  • Self-duality and a Hall-insulator phase near the superconductor-to-insulator transition in indium-oxide films PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Breznay, N. P., Steiner, M. A., Kivelson, S. A., Kapitulnik, A. 2016; 113 (2): 280-285

    Abstract

    We combine measurements of the longitudinal (ρxx) and Hall (ρxy) resistivities of disordered 2D amorphous indium-oxide films to study the magnetic-field tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition (H-SIT) in the T --> 0 limit. At the critical field, Hc, the full resistivity tensor is T independent with ρxx(Hc) = h/4e(2) and ρxy(Hc) = 0 within experimental uncertainty in all films (i.e., these appear to be "universal" values); this is strongly suggestive that there is a particle-vortex self-duality at H = Hc. The transition separates the (presumably) superconducting state at H < Hc from a "Hall-insulator" phase in which ρxx --> ∞ as T --> 0 whereas ρxy approaches a nonzero value smaller than its "classical value" H/nec; i.e., 0 < ρxy < H/nec. A still higher characteristic magnetic field, Hc* > Hc, at which the Hall resistance is T independent and roughly equal to its classical value, ρxy ≈ H/nec, marks an additional crossover to a high-field regime (probably to a Fermi insulator) in which ρxy > H/nec and possibly diverges as T --> 0. We also highlight a profound analogy between the H-SIT and quantum-Hall liquid-to-insulator transitions (QHIT).

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1522435113

    View details for Web of Science ID 000367881500032

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC4720312

  • Notes on constraints for the observation of Polar Kerr Effect in complex materials PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER Kapitulnik, A. 2015; 460: 151-158
  • A scanning, all-fiber Sagnac interferometer for high resolution magneto-optic measurements at 820 nm REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Fried, A., Fejer, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2014; 85 (10)

    Abstract

    The Sagnac Interferometer has historically been used for detecting non-reciprocal phenomena, such as rotation. We demonstrate an apparatus in which this technique is employed for high resolution measurements of the Magneto-Optical Polar Kerr effect-a direct indicator of magnetism. Previous designs have incorporated free-space components which are bulky and difficult to align. We improve upon this technique by using all fiber-optic coupled components and demonstrate operation at a new wavelength, 820 nm, with which we can achieve better than 1 μrad resolution. Mounting the system on a piezo-electric scanner allows us to acquire diffraction limited images with 1.5 μm spatial resolution. We also provide extensive discussion on the details and of the Sagnac Interferometer's construction.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4897184

    View details for Web of Science ID 000344594200038

  • A scanning, all-fiber Sagnac interferometer for high resolution magneto-optic measurements at 820 nm. Review of scientific instruments Fried, A., Fejer, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2014; 85 (10): 103707-?

    Abstract

    The Sagnac Interferometer has historically been used for detecting non-reciprocal phenomena, such as rotation. We demonstrate an apparatus in which this technique is employed for high resolution measurements of the Magneto-Optical Polar Kerr effect-a direct indicator of magnetism. Previous designs have incorporated free-space components which are bulky and difficult to align. We improve upon this technique by using all fiber-optic coupled components and demonstrate operation at a new wavelength, 820 nm, with which we can achieve better than 1 μrad resolution. Mounting the system on a piezo-electric scanner allows us to acquire diffraction limited images with 1.5 μm spatial resolution. We also provide extensive discussion on the details and of the Sagnac Interferometer's construction.

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4897184

    View details for PubMedID 25362403

  • Pulsed laser deposition of high-quality thin films of the insulating ferromagnet EuS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Yang, Q. I., Zhao, J., Zhang, L., Dolev, M., Fried, A. D., Marshall, A. F., Risbud, S. H., Kapitulnik, A. 2014; 104 (8)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4866265

    View details for Web of Science ID 000332619100071

  • Weak localization effects as evidence for bulk quantization in Bi2Se3 thin films PHYSICAL REVIEW B Zhang, L., Dolev, M., Yang, Q. I., Hammond, R. H., Zhou, B., Palevski, A., Chen, Y., Kapitulnik, A. 2013; 88 (12)
  • Observation of the ghost critical field for superconducting fluctuations in a disordered TaN thin film PHYSICAL REVIEW B Breznay, N. P., Kapitulnik, A. 2013; 88 (10)
  • Emerging weak localization effects on a topological insulator-insulating ferromagnet (Bi2Se3-EuS) interface PHYSICAL REVIEW B Yang, Q. I., Dolev, M., Zhang, L., Zhao, J., Fried, A. D., Schemm, E., Liu, M., Palevski, A., Marshall, A. F., Risbud, S. H., Kapitulnik, A. 2013; 88 (8)
  • Weak antilocalization and disorder-enhanced electron interactions in annealed films of the phase-change compound GeSb2Te4 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Breznay, N. P., Volker, H., Palevski, A., Mazzarello, R., Kapitulnik, A., Wuttig, M. 2012; 86 (20)
  • High quality ultrathin Bi2Se3 films on CaF2 and CaF2/Si by molecular beam epitaxy with a radio frequency cracker cell APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Zhang, L., Hammond, R., Dolev, M., Liu, M., Palevski, A., Kapitulnik, A. 2012; 101 (15)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.4758466

    View details for Web of Science ID 000310304900063

  • Charge and spin collective modes in a quasi-one-dimensional model of Sr2RuO4 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Chung, S. B., Raghu, S., Kapitulnik, A., Kivelson, S. A. 2012; 86 (6)
  • Hall conductivity dominated by fluctuations near the superconducting transition in disordered thin films PHYSICAL REVIEW B Breznay, N. P., Michaeli, K., Tikhonov, K. S., Finkel'stein, A. M., Tendulkar, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2012; 86 (1)
  • Hidden Quasi-One-Dimensional Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Raghu, S., Kapitulnik, A., Kivelson, S. A. 2010; 105 (13)

    Abstract

    We show that the interplay between spin and charge fluctuations in Sr₂RuO₄ leads unequivocally to triplet pairing which has a hidden quasi-one-dimensional character. The resulting superconducting state spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry and is of the form Δ ~(p(x)+ip(y))z(^) with sharp gap minima and a d vector that is only weakly pinned. The superconductor lacks robust chiral Majorana fermion modes along the boundary. The absence of topologically protected edge modes could explain the surprising absence of experimentally detectable edge currents in this system.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.136401

    View details for Web of Science ID 000282054100009

    View details for PubMedID 21230791

  • Polar Kerr effect as probe for time-reversal symmetry breaking in unconventional superconductors NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS Kapitulnik, A., Xia, J., Schemm, E., Palevski, A. 2009; 11
  • Search for time-reversal symmetry breaking in unconventional superconductors 5th International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS-2008) Kapitulnik, A., Xia, J., Schemm, E. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 2009: 507–9
  • Improved constraints on non-Newtonian forces at 10 microns PHYSICAL REVIEW D Geraci, A. A., Smullin, S. J., Weld, D. M., Chiaverini, J., Kapitulnik, A. 2008; 78 (2)
  • Approach to a superconductor-to-Bose-insulator transition in disordered films PHYSICAL REVIEW B Steiner, M. A., Breznay, N. P., Kapitulnik, A. 2008; 77 (21)
  • Polar Kerr-effect measurements of the high-temperature YBa2Cu3O6+x superconductor: Evidence for broken symmetry near the pseudogap temperature PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Xia, J., Schemm, E., Deutscher, G., Kivelson, S. A., Bonn, D. A., Hardy, W. N., Liang, R., Siemons, W., Koster, G., Fejer, M. M., Kapitulnik, A. 2008; 100 (12)

    Abstract

    The polar Kerr effect in the high-T_(c) superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x was measured at zero magnetic field with high precision using a cyogenic Sagnac fiber interferometer. We observed nonzero Kerr rotations of order approximately 1 microrad appearing near the pseudogap temperature T(*) and marking what appears to be a true phase transition. Anomalous magnetic behavior in magnetic-field training of the effect suggests that time reversal symmetry is already broken above room temperature.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.127002

    View details for PubMedID 18517903

  • New apparatus for detecting micron-scale deviations from Newtonian gravity PHYSICAL REVIEW D Weld, D. M., Xia, J., Cabrera, B., Kapitulnik, A. 2008; 77 (6)
  • STM studies of TbTe3: Evidence for a fully incommensurate charge density wave PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Fang, A., Ru, N., Fisher, I. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2007; 99 (4)

    Abstract

    We observe unidirectional charge density wave (CDW) ordering on the quasi-2D material TbTe3 with a scanning tunneling microscope at approximately 6 K. Our analysis indicates that the CDW is fully incommensurate, with wave vector qCDW approximately 0.71x2pi/c. By imaging at various tip-sample voltages, we highlight effects of the subsurface layer and its effect on the CDW. We also observe an additional (possibly surface) dimerization and approximately 0.68x2pi/a ordering perpendicular to the CDW.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.046401

    View details for Web of Science ID 000248345800041

    View details for PubMedID 17678379

  • Inferring effective interactions from the local density of states: Application to STM data from Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta PHYSICAL REVIEW B Jamei, R., Robertson, J., Kim, E., Fang, A., Kapitulnik, A., Kivelson, S. A. 2006; 74 (17)
  • High resolution polar Kerr effect measurements of Sr2RuO4: Evidence for broken time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Xia, J., Maeno, Y., Beyersdorf, P. T., Fejer, M. M., Kapitulnik, A. 2006; 97 (16)

    Abstract

    The polar Kerr effect in the spin-triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4 was measured with high precision using a Sagnac interferometer with a zero-area Sagnac loop. We observed nonzero Kerr rotations as big as 65 nanorad appearing below Tc in large domains. Our results imply a broken time-reversal symmetry state in the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4, similar to 3He-A.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.167002

    View details for Web of Science ID 000241405400054

    View details for PubMedID 17155427

  • Feedback control and characterization of a microcantilever using optical radiation pressure APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Weld, D. M., Kapitulnik, A. 2006; 89 (16)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.2362598

    View details for Web of Science ID 000241405200130

  • Distinguishing patterns of charge order: Stripes or checkerboards PHYSICAL REVIEW B Robertson, J. A., Kivelson, S. A., Fradkin, E., Fang, A. C., Kapitulnik, A. 2006; 74 (13)
  • Modified Sagnac interferometer for high-sensitivity magneto-optic measurements at cryogenic temperatures APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Xia, J., Beyersdorf, P. T., Fejer, M. M., Kapitulnik, A. 2006; 89 (6)

    View details for DOI 10.1063/1.2336620

    View details for Web of Science ID 000239690800069

  • Gap-inhomogeneity-induced electronic states in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Fang, A. C., Capriotti, L., Scalapino, D. J., Kivelson, S. A., Kaneko, N., Greven, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2006; 96 (1)

    Abstract

    In this Letter, we analyze, using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the density of electronic states in nearly optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+delta) in zero magnetic field. Focusing on the superconducting gap, we find patches of what appear to be two different phases in a background of some average gap, one with a relatively small gap and sharp large coherence peaks and one characterized by a large gap with broad weak coherence peaks. We compare these spectra with calculations of the local density of states for a simple phenomenological model in which a 2xi0 x 2xi0 patch with an enhanced or suppressed d-wave gap amplitude is embedded in a region with a uniform average d-wave gap.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.017007

    View details for Web of Science ID 000234608300081

    View details for PubMedID 16486504

  • STM studies of near-optimal doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta 7th International Conference on Spectroscopies in Novel Superconductors (SNS 04) Kapitulnik, A., Fang, A., Howald, C., Greven, M. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. 2006: 344–49
  • Constraints on Yukawa-type deviations from Newtonian gravity at 20 microns PHYSICAL REVIEW D Smullin, S. J., Geraci, A. A., Weld, D. M., Chiaverini, J., Holmes, S., Kapitulnik, A. 2005; 72 (12)
  • Superconductivity in the insulating phase above the field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition in disordered indium oxide films PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Steiner, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2005; 422 (1-2): 16-26
  • Possible field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition in high-T-c superconductors: Implications for pairing at high magnetic fields PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Steiner, M. A., Boebinger, G., Kapitulnik, A. 2005; 94 (10)

    Abstract

    The behavior of some high temperature superconductors (HTSC), such as La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) and Bi(2)Sr(2-x)La(x)CuO(6 + delta), at very high magnetic fields, is similar to that of thin films of amorphous InOx near the magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition. Analyzing the InOx data at high fields in terms of persisting local pairing amplitude, we argue by analogy that the local pairing amplitude also persists well into the dissipative state of the HTSCs, the regime commonly denoted as the "normal state" in very high magnetic field experiments.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.107008

    View details for Web of Science ID 000227838900051

    View details for PubMedID 15783512

  • Periodic coherence-peak height modulations in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta PHYSICAL REVIEW B Fang, A., Howald, C., Kaneko, N., Greven, M., Kapitulnik, A. 2004; 70 (21)
  • Coexistence of periodic modulation of quasiparticle states and superconductivity in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Howald, C., Eisaki, H., Kaneko, N., Kapitulnik, A. 2003; 100 (17): 9705-9709

    Abstract

    In this article we show, using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the existence of static striped density of electronic states in nearly optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta in zero field. This modulation is aligned with the Cu-O bonds, with a periodicity of four lattice constants, and exhibits features characteristic of a two-dimensional system of line objects. We further show that the density of states modulation manifests itself as a shift of states from above to below the superconducting gap. The fact that a single energy scale (i.e., the gap) appears for both superconductivity and stripes suggests that these two effects have the same origin.

    View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1233768100

    View details for Web of Science ID 000184926000016

    View details for PubMedID 12913127

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC187829

  • New experimental constraints on non-Newtonian forces below 100 mu m PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Chiaverini, J., Smullin, S. J., Geraci, A. A., Weld, D. M., Kapitulnik, A. 2003; 90 (15)

    Abstract

    We have searched for large deviations from Newtonian gravity by means of a finite-frequency microcantilever-based experiment. Our data eliminate from consideration mechanisms of deviation that posit strengths approximately 10(4) times Newtonian gravity at length scales of 20 microm. This measurement is 3 orders of magnitude more sensitive than others that provide constraints at similar length scales.

    View details for DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.151101

    View details for Web of Science ID 000182320200005

    View details for PubMedID 12732025

  • Bulk magnetic properties and phase diagram of Li-doped La2CuO4: Common magnetic response of hole-doped CuO2 planes PHYSICAL REVIEW B Sasagawa, T., Mang, P. K., Vajk, O. P., Kapitulnik, A., Greven, M. 2002; 66 (18)
  • Superconductor-insulator transition in a capacitively coupled dissipative environment PHYSICAL REVIEW B Mason, N., Kapitulnik, A. 2002; 65 (22)
  • Inherent inhomogeneities in tunneling spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-x crystals in the superconducting state PHYSICAL REVIEW B Howald, C., FOURNIER, R., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 64 (10)
  • True superconductivity in a two-dimensional superconducting-insulating system PHYSICAL REVIEW B Mason, N., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 64 (6)
  • Negative deviations from Matthiessen's rule for SrRuO3 and CaRuO3 EUROPHYSICS LETTERS Klein, L., Kats, Y., Wiser, N., KONCZYKOWSKI, M., Reiner, J. W., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 55 (4): 532-538
  • Microcantilever studies of angular field dependence of vortex dynamics in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-x PHYSICAL REVIEW B Chiaverini, J., Yasumura, K., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 64 (1)
  • Domain-wall resistivity in SrRuO3: the influence of domain walls spacing International Conference on Magnetism Klein, L., Kats, Y., Marshall, A. F., Reiner, J. W., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 2001: 780–781
  • Simple microcalorimeter for measuring microgram samples at low temperatures REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Doettinger-Zech, S. G., Uhl, M., Sisson, D. L., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 72 (5): 2398-2406
  • Effects of dissipation on quantum phase transitions PHYSICAL REVIEW B Kapitulnik, A., Mason, N., Kivelson, S. A., CHAKRAVARTY, S. 2001; 63 (12)
  • Magnetic resistivity in SrRuO3 and the ferromagnetic phase transition PHYSICAL REVIEW B Kats, Y., Klein, L., Reiner, J. W., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2001; 63 (5)
  • Thermal conductivity of Cu1-xMgxGeO3 22nd International Conference on Low Temperature Physics Takeya, J., Ando, Y., Masuda, T., Tsukada, I., Uchinokura, K., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 2000: 1645–1646
  • Domain wall resistivity in SrRuO3 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Klein, L., Kats, Y., Marshall, A. F., Reiner, J. W., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2000; 84 (26): 6090-6093

    Abstract

    SrRuO3 is an itinerant ferromagnet with T(c) approximately 150 K. When SrRuO3 is cooled through T(c) in zero applied magnetic field, a stripe domain structure appears whose orientation is uniquely determined by the large uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy. We find that the ferromagnetic domain walls clearly enhance the resistivity of SrRuO3 and that the enhancement has different temperature dependence for currents parallel and perpendicular to the domain walls. We discuss possible interpretations of our results.

    View details for Web of Science ID 000087909500043

    View details for PubMedID 10991131

  • Extraordinary Hall effect in SrRuO3 51st Yamada Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems Klein, L., Reiner, J. R., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 2000: 608–609
  • Extraordinary Hall effect in SrRuO3 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Klein, L., Reiner, J. R., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2000; 61 (12): R7842-R7845
  • Resistive anomalies at ferromagnetic transitions revisited: The case of SrRuO3 - Klein et al. reply PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Klein, L., Dodge, J. S., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 2000; 84 (10): 2280-2280
  • Specific heat of Zn-doped YBa2Cu3O6.95: Possible evidence for Kondo screening in the superconducting state PHYSICAL REVIEW B Sisson, D. L., Doettinger, S. G., Kapitulnik, A., Liang, R., Bonn, D. A., Hardy, W. N. 2000; 61 (5): 3604-3609
  • Magnetization and resistivity measurements of the first-order vortex phase transition in (La1-x.Srx)(2)CuO4 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Sasagawa, T., Togawa, Y., Shimoyama, J., Kapitulnik, A., Kitazawa, K., Kishio, K. 2000; 61 (2): 1610-1617
  • Vortex phase transition and vortex state in (La0.954Sr0.046)(2)CuO4 single crystals International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide Superconductors (MOS-99) Sasagawa, T., Togawa, Y., Shimoyama, J., Kapitulnik, A., Kitazawa, K., Kishio, K. SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS. 1999: 1399–1403
  • Possible non-Fermi-liquid behavior of CaRuO3 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Klein, L., Antognazza, L., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1999; 60 (3): 1448-1451
  • Impurity-induced bound excitations on the surface of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Yazdani, A., Howald, C. M., Lutz, C. P., Kapitulnik, A., Eigler, D. M. 1999; 83 (1): 176-179
  • Dissipation effects on the superconductor-insulator transition in 2D superconductors PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Mason, N., Kapitulnik, A. 1999; 82 (26): 5341-5344
  • Lorentz transmission electron microscope study of ferromagnetic domain walls in SrRuO3: Statics, dynamics, and crystal structure correlation JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Marshall, A. F., Klein, L., Dodge, J. S., Ahn, C. H., Reiner, J. W., Mieville, L., Antagonazza, L., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R. 1999; 85 (8): 4131-4140
  • Is CaRuO3 a non-Fermi liquid metal? International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 98) Klein, L., Antognazza, L., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1999: 431–432
  • Observation of quantum oscillations in the electrical resistivity of SrRuO3 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Mackenzie, A. P., Reiner, J. W., Tyler, A. W., Galvin, L. M., Julian, S. R., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1998; 58 (20): 13318-13321
  • Large magnetoresistance of single-crystal films of ferromagnetic SrRuO3 JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS Klein, L., Marshall, A. F., Reiner, J. W., Ahn, C. H., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1998; 188 (3): 319-325
  • Non-fermi-liquid behavior of SrRuO3: Evidence from infrared conductivity PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Kostic, P., Okada, Y., Collins, N. C., Schlesinger, Z., Reiner, J. W., Klein, L., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R. 1998; 81 (12): 2498-2501
  • Thermal conductivity of the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO3 PHYSICAL REVIEW B Ando, Y., Takeya, J., Sisson, D. L., Doettinger, S. G., Tanaka, I., Feigelson, R. S., Kapitulnik, A. 1998; 58 (6): R2913-R2916
  • Transport through quantum melts PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Shimshoni, E., Auerbach, A., Kapitulnik, A. 1998; 80 (15): 3352-3355
  • Rapid suppression of the superconducting gap in overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta PHYSICAL REVIEW B White, P. J., Shen, Z. X., Kim, C., Harris, J. M., Loeser, A. G., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A. 1996; 54 (22): 15669-15672
  • Excitation gap in the normal state of underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta SCIENCE Loeser, A. G., Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., Marshall, D. S., Park, C. H., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A. 1996; 273 (5273): 325-329
  • Excitation Gap in the Normal State of Underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta Science (New York, N.Y.) Loeser, A. G., Shen, Z., Dessau, D. S., Marshall, D. S., Park, C. H., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A. 1996; 273 (5273): 325-9

    Abstract

    Angle-resolved photoemission experiments reveal evidence of an energy gap in the normal state excitation spectrum of the cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. This gap exists only in underdoped samples and closes around the doping level at which the superconducting transition temperature Tc is a maximum. The momentum dependence and magnitude of the gap closely resemble those of the dx2-y2 gap observed in the superconducting state. This observation is consistent with results from several other experimental techniques, which also indicate the presence of a gap in the normal state. Some possible theoretical explanations for this effect are reviewed.

    View details for PubMedID 8662512

  • Unconventional electronic structure evolution with hole doping in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta: Angle-resolved photoemission results PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Marshall, D. S., Dessau, D. S., Loeser, A. G., Park, C. H., Matsuura, A. Y., Eckstein, J. N., Bozovic, I., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A., SPICER, W. E., Shen, Z. X. 1996; 76 (25): 4841-4844
  • Evolution of the electronic structure with doping in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta - Angle resolved photoemission results 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics (VUV-11 Conference) Dessau, D. S., Marshall, D. S., Loeser, A. G., Park, C. H., Matsuura, A. Y., Shen, Z. X., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A., Kishio, K., Eckstein, J., Bozovic, I. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1996: 167–170
  • Observation of quantum dissipation in the vortex state of a highly disordered superconducting thin film PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS EPHRON, D., Yazdani, A., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1996; 76 (9): 1529-1532
  • Growth and annealing of (Bi1-xPbx)(2)Sr2CaCu2O8+delta single crystals PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A., Marshall, A. F. 1996; 257 (3-4): 291-298
  • Lock-in transition in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta observed through 10GHz dissipation 21st International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT 21) Enriquez, H., Bontemps, N., Fournier, P., Kapitulnik, A., Maignan, A., Ruyter, A. INST PHYSICS ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC. 1996: 1593–1594
  • PERPENDICULAR MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY AND STRONG MAGNETOOPTIC PROPERTIES OF SRRUO3 EPITAXIAL-FILMS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Klein, L., Dodge, J. S., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A., Marshall, A. F., Antognazza, L., Char, K. 1995; 66 (18): 2427-2429
  • SUPERCONDUCTING-INSULATING TRANSITION IN 2-DIMENSIONAL ALPHA-MOGE THIN-FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Yazdani, A., Kapitulnik, A. 1995; 74 (15): 3037-3040
  • CORRELATION OF VORTEX MOTION IN HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Lee, T. S., Missert, N., Sagdahl, L. T., Clarke, J., Clem, J. R., Char, K., Eckstein, J. N., Fork, D. K., Lombardo, L., Kapitulnik, A., Schneemeyer, L. F., Waszczak, J. V., VANDOVER, R. B. 1995; 74 (14): 2796-2799
  • Microwave absorption in the mixed state of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta single crystals PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Bertin, P., Bontemps, N., Davidov, D., Lombardo, L., Kapitulnik, A. 1994; 235-40: 3149-3150
  • ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE OF THE CRITICAL CURRENTS IN MAGNETIC-FIELDS OF SUPERCONDUCTING/INSULATING MO77GE23/GE MULTILAYERS International Conference on Materials and Mechanisms of Superconductivity - High Temperature Superconductors IV (M2S-HTSC IV) DEBRION, S., White, W. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1994: 2531–2532
  • MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE OF THE ELECTRONIC SPECIFIC-HEAT IN YBA2CU3O6.95 SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Moler, K. A., BAAR, D. J., Urbach, J. S., Liang, R. X., Hardy, W. N., Kapitulnik, A. 1994; 235: 1775-1776
  • NORMAL-MODES AND SPECIFIC-HEAT OF AN UNDAMPED 3-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE OF PANCAKE VORTICES IN THIN SUPERCONDUCTING MULTILAYERS PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Fetter, A. L., Kapitulnik, A., Moler, K. A. 1994; 235: 1777-1778
  • MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE OF THE DENSITY-OF-STATES OF YBA2CU3O6.95 AS DETERMINED FROM THE SPECIFIC-HEAT PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Moler, K. A., BAAR, D. J., Urbach, J. S., Liang, R. X., Hardy, W. N., Kapitulnik, A. 1994; 73 (20): 2744-2747
  • VORTEX DECOUPLING CROSSOVER IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS HELLERQVIST, M. C., Ryu, S., Lombardo, L. W., Kapitulnik, A. 1994; 230 (1-2): 170-176
  • ANOMALOUS TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF VORTEX ELASTIC PROPERTIES IN THE FLUX-FLOW REGIME OF MO77GE23/GE MULTILAYER SUPERCONDUCTORS PHYSICAL REVIEW B White, W. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1994; 50 (9): 6303-6307
  • ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE OF THE CRITICAL CURRENTS IN MO77GE23/GE MULTILAYERS PHYSICAL REVIEW B DEBRION, S., White, W. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1994; 49 (17): 12030-12035
  • STUDIES OF 2-DIMENSIONAL MOGE SUPERCONDUCTORS IN A MAGNETIC-FIELD 20th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics Kapitulnik, A., Yazdani, A., Urbach, J. S., White, W. R., Beasley, M. R. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1994: 530–39
  • SPATIALLY-RESOLVED VACUUM TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY ON BI2SR2CACU2O8 BY STM AT 4.8K 20th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics Renner, C., Fischer, O., Kent, A. D., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1994: 1689–1690
  • EVIDENCE FOR THE QUASI-2-DIMENSIONAL BEHAVIOR OF THE VORTEX STRUCTURE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS 20th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics Pastoriza, H., ARRIBERE, A., Goffman, M. F., DELACRUZ, F., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1994: 2227–2228
  • THE NATURE OF LONG-RANGE ORDER IN THE VORTEX LATTICE OF HIGH T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS Conference on Superconducting Superlattices and Multilayers Ryu, S. G., Doniach, S., Kapitulnik, A. SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 1994: 12–15
  • RESISTIVE AND THERMODYNAMIC TRANSITIONS OF A 2-DIMENSIONAL SUPERCONDUCTOR IN A MAGNETIC-FIELD PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Urbach, J. S., Lombardo, L. W., White, W. R., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1994; 219 (1-2): 93-98
  • HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY WITH A ROCKET BORNE COSMIC X-RAY MICROCALORIMETER SPECTROGRAPH Conference on Advances in Multilayer and Grazing Incidence X-Ray/EUV/FUV Optics Walker, A. B., Kapitulnik, A., Hoover, R. B., LESYNA, L., Ulmer, M. P. SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 1994: 122–133
  • EFFECTS OF COLUMNAR PINS ON FLUX-LINE DYNAMICS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Ryu, S., Kapitulnik, A., Doniach, S. 1993; 71 (25): 4245-4248
  • THERMAL-DIFFUSIVITY OF BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Wu, X. D., FANTON, J. G., Kino, G. S., Ryu, S., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1993; 218 (3-4): 417-423
  • PHOTOTHERMAL MICROSCOPE FOR HIGH-T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS AND CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Wu, X. D., Kino, G. S., FANTON, J. T., Kapitulnik, A. 1993; 64 (11): 3321-3327
  • KEY FEATURES IN THE MEASURED BAND-STRUCTURE OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA - FLAT BANDS AT E(F) AND FERMI-SURFACE NESTING PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Dessau, D. S., Shen, Z. X., King, D. M., Marshall, D. S., Lombardo, L. W., DICKINSON, P. H., Loeser, A. G., DiCarlo, J., Park, C. H., Kapitulnik, A., SPICER, W. E. 1993; 71 (17): 2781-2784
  • VORTEX-ANTIVORTEX CRYSTALLIZATION IN THIN SUPERCONDUCTING AND SUPERFLUID FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Gabay, M., Kapitulnik, A. 1993; 71 (13): 2138-2141
  • LOSS OF INTERPLANE CORRELATION IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW B ARRIBERE, A., Pastoriza, H., Goffman, M. F., DELACRUZ, F., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1993; 48 (10): 7486-7491
  • MICROWAVE PENETRATION DEPTH MEASUREMENTS ON BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS AND YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Ma, Z. X., TABER, R. C., Lombardo, L. W., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R., Merchant, P., Eom, C. B., Hou, S. Y., Phillips, J. M. 1993; 71 (5): 781-784
  • SEARCH FOR CHARACTERISTIC LENGTHSCALES OF THE MAGNETIC-FIELD DISTRIBUTION AT THE SURFACE OF SUPERCONDUCTING BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS SYMP ON HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS, AT THE 1992 FALL MEETING OF THE E-MRS / 3RD EUROPEAN EAST-WEST CONF AND EXHIBITION ON MATERIALS AND PROCESSES Bertin, P. Y., Bontemps, N., Lombardo, L., Kapitulnik, A., Even, R. ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. 1993: 491–98
  • ANOMALOUSLY LARGE GAP ANISOTROPY IN THE A-B PLANE OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., Wells, B. O., King, D. M., SPICER, W. E., Arko, A. J., Marshall, D., Lombardo, L. W., Kapitulnik, A., Dickinson, P., Doniach, S., DiCarlo, J., Loeser, A. G., Park, C. H. 1993; 70 (10): 1553-1556
  • COLLECTIVE VORTEX MOTION IN A-MOGE SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS White, W. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1993; 70 (5): 670-673
  • OBSERVATION OF KOSTERLITZ-THOULESS-TYPE MELTING OF THE DISORDERED VORTEX LATTICE IN THIN-FILMS OF ALPHA-MOGE PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Yazdani, A., White, W. R., Hahn, M. R., Gabay, M., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1993; 70 (4): 505-508
  • EVIDENCE FOR K-DEPENDENT, INPLANE ANISOTROPY OF THE SUPERCONDUCTING GAP IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW B Wells, B. O., Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., SPICER, W. E., Mitzi, D. B., Lombardo, L., Kapitulnik, A., Arko, A. J. 1992; 46 (18): 11830-11834
  • SPECIFIC-HEAT OF A SUPERCONDUCTING MULTILAYER - 2D FLUCTUATIONS AND 2D-0D CROSSOVER PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Urbach, J. S., White, W. R., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 69 (16): 2407-2410
  • DEFECT DEPENDENCE OF THE IRREVERSIBILITY LINE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW B Lombardo, L. W., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Leone, A. 1992; 46 (9): 5615-5620
  • MEASUREMENT OF THE SPONTANEOUS POLAR KERR EFFECT IN YBA2CU3O7 AND BI2SR2CACU2O8 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Spielman, S., Dodge, J. S., Lombardo, L. W., Eom, C. B., Fejer, M. M., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 68 (23): 3472-3475
  • SQUID PICOVOLTOMETRY OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA - OBSERVATION OF THE CROSSOVER FROM HIGH-TEMPERATURE ARRHENIUS TO LOW-TEMPERATURE VORTEX-GLASS BEHAVIOR PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Safar, H., Gammel, P. L., Bishop, D. J., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 68 (17): 2672-2675
  • VORTEX MOTION IN TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS OF REDUCED DIMENSIONALITY INTERNATIONAL CONF ON PHYSICS IN 2 DIMENSIONS White, W. R., Hahn, M. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG. 1992: 375–78
  • MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION OF FLUX LATTICE MELTING IN A MODEL HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Ryu, S., Doniach, S., Deutscher, G., Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 68 (5): 710-713
  • THERMOELECTRIC COOLING AT VERY LOW-TEMPERATURES APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 60 (2): 180-182
  • OPTICAL TESTS FOR BROKEN TIME-REVERSAL SYMMETRY IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS NOBEL JUBILEE SYMP Kapitulnik, A. IOP PUBLISHING LTD. 1992: 57–61
  • INSITU GROWTH OF YBA2CU3OX THIN-FILMS BY REACTIVE COSPUTTERING JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS Hahn, M. R., Hylton, T. L., Char, K., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1992; 10 (1): 82-86
  • VORTICES IN ARTIFICIALLY-STRUCTURED QUASI 2-DIMENSIONAL SUPERCONDUCTORS NOBEL JUBILEE SYMP Beasley, M. R., White, W. R., Hahn, M., Kapitulnik, A. IOP PUBLISHING LTD. 1992: 25–28
  • SUPERCONDUCTING INTERLAYER DECOUPLING AND SOFTENING OF THE FLUX LINE STRUCTURE IN BSCCO SINGLE-CRYSTALS 6TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CRITICAL CURRENTS Duran, C., YAZYI, J., ARRIBERE, A., DELACRUZ, F., Bishop, D. J., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. IOP PUBLISHING LTD. 1992: S272–S275
  • INTERPLANE AND INTRAPLANE SOFTENING OF THE VORTEX STRUCTURE IN BI2.1SR1.9CA0.9CU2O8+DELTA - A 2-STEP TRANSITION PHYSICA C YAZYI, J., ARRIBERE, A., Duran, C., DELACRUZ, F., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 184 (4-6): 254-258
  • ALTERATION IN THE SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES OF BI2SR2CACU2O8 CRYSTALS DUE TO PROTON IRRADIATION 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS Lombardo, L., Kapitulnik, A. IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. 1991: 1089–93
  • MAGNETIC PENETRATION DEPTH AND FLUX DYNAMICS IN SINGLE-CRYSTAL BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Harshman, D. R., Kleiman, R. N., Inui, M., ESPINOSA, G. P., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., PFIZ, T., Williams, D. L. 1991; 67 (22): 3152-3155
  • INPLANE DISSIPATION MAXIMA AND VORTEX-LINE DISTORTIONS IN THE RESISTIVE TRANSITIONS OF OXYGEN-DOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Hsu, J. W., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 67 (15): 2095-2098
  • ENHANCEMENT OF OPTICAL REFLECTIVITY OF HIGH TC-SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS BY ION MILLING APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Kim, J. H., Char, K., Bozovic, I., Lee, W. Y., Kapitulnik, A., Harris, J. S. 1991; 58 (22): 2558-2560
  • MODEL SYSTEM FOR VORTEX MOTION IN COUPLED 2-DIMENSIONAL TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS White, W. R., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1991; 66 (21): 2826-2829
  • TRANSLATIONAL AND BOND-ORIENTATIONAL ORDER IN THE VORTEX LATTICE OF THE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR BI2.1SR1.9CA0.9CU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Grier, D. G., Murray, C. A., Bolle, C. A., Gammel, P. L., Bishop, D. J., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 66 (17): 2270-2273
  • ANOMALOUS SPECTRAL WEIGHT TRANSFER AT THE SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Dessau, D. S., Wells, B. O., Shen, Z. X., SPICER, W. E., Arko, A. J., LIST, R. S., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 66 (16): 2160-2163
  • SEARCH FOR A PROXIMITY EFFECT INDUCED GAP IN GOLD HIGH-TC JUNCTIONS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Dessau, D. S., Wells, B. O., Shen, Z. X., SPICER, W. E., Arko, A. J., LIST, R. S., Olson, C. G., Eom, C. B., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H. 1991; 58 (12): 1332-1334
  • SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE IN A NB/NBXSI1-X BILAYER SYSTEM PHYSICAL REVIEW B Hsu, J. W., Park, S. I., Deutscher, G., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 43 (4): 2648-2655
  • OBSERVATION OF AN HEXATIC VORTEX GLASS IN FLUX LATTICES OF THE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR BI2.1SR1.9CA0.9CU2O8+DELTA 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS ( LT-19 ) Bishop, D. J., Gammel, P. L., Murray, C. A., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1991: 72–79
  • O 1S CORE LEVELS IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW B Parmigiani, F., Shen, Z. X., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 43 (4): 3085-3090
  • OBSERVATION OF A COMMENSURATE ARRAY OF FLUX CHAINS IN TILTED FLUX LATTICES IN BI-SR-CA-CU-O SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Bolle, C. A., Gammel, P. L., Grier, D. G., Murray, C. A., Bishop, D. J., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1991; 66 (1): 112-115
  • ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION STUDY OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA - METALLICITY OF THE BI-O PLANE PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Wells, B. O., Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., SPICER, W. E., Olson, C. G., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., LIST, R. S., Arko, A. 1990; 65 (24): 3056-3059
  • VARIATION OF CU-O CHARGE-TRANSFER ENERGIES IN YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS STUDIED BY PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY PHYSICAL REVIEW B Yeh, J. J., LINDAU, I., Sun, J. Z., Char, K., Missert, N., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Beasley, M. R. 1990; 42 (13): 8044-8048
  • MICROSTRUCTURAL INTERACTION OF Y2BA4CU8O16 STACKING-FAULTS WITHIN YBA2CU3O7-X JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH Marshall, A. F., Char, K., Barton, R. W., Kapitulnik, A., LADERMAN, S. S. 1990; 5 (10): 2049-2055
  • FLUX MOTION IN A 2-DIMENSIONAL SINGLE-CRYSTAL NB FILM APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Hsu, J. W., Kapitulnik, A. 1990; 57 (10): 1061-1063
  • BREAKDOWN FIELD IN HIGHLY ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS 3RD CONF ON FRONTIERS IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, IN HONOUR OF CYRIL DOMB ON HIS 70TH BIRTHDAY Deutscher, G., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1990: 338–44
  • ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF THE GOLD BI2SR2CACU2O8 AND GOLD EUBA2CU3O7-DELTA INTERFACES AS STUDIED BY PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Dessau, D. S., Shen, Z. X., Wells, B. O., SPICER, W. E., LIST, R. S., Arko, A. J., BARTLETT, R. J., Fisk, Z., Cheong, S. W., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Schirber, J. E. 1990; 57 (3): 307-309
  • TEST FOR NONRECIPROCAL CIRCULAR BIREFRINGENCE IN YBA2CU3O7 THIN-FILMS AS EVIDENCE FOR BROKEN TIME-REVERSAL SYMMETRY PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Spielman, S., FESLER, K., Eom, C. B., Geballe, T. H., Fejer, M. M., Kapitulnik, A. 1990; 65 (1): 123-126
  • OBSERVATION OF AN HEXATIC VORTEX GLASS IN FLUX LATTICES OF THE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR BI2.1SR1.9CA0.9CU2O8+DELTA ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Bishop, D. J., Gammel, P. L., Murray, C. A., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1990; 581: 77-87
  • OBSERVATION OF A HEXATIC VORTEX GLASS IN FLUX LATTICES OF THE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR BI2.1SR1.9CA0.9CU2O8+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Murray, C. A., Gammel, P. L., Bishop, D. J., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1990; 64 (19): 2312-2315
  • GROWTH AND PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN-DOPED AND ION-DOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS PHYSICAL REVIEW B Mitzi, D. B., Lombardo, L. W., Kapitulnik, A., LADERMAN, S. S., JACOWITZ, R. D. 1990; 41 (10): 6564-6574
  • DISTRIBUTION OF FLUX-PINNING ENERGIES IN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA AND BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA FROM FLUX NOISE PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Ferrari, M. J., Johnson, M., Wellstood, F. C., Clarke, J., Mitzi, D., Rosenthal, P. A., Eom, C. B., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1990; 64 (1): 72-75
  • PHOTOTHERMAL MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS 6TH INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON PHOTOACOUSTIC AND PHOTOTHERMAL PHENOMENA FANTON, J. T., Kapitulnik, A., Mitzi, D. B., KHURIYAKUB, B. T., Kino, G. S. SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN. 1990: 202–204
  • VORTEX MOTION AND TIME-DEPENDENT MAGNETIC RESPONSES IN HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MATERIALS AND MECHANISMS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY : HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS 2 Sun, J. Z., Eom, C. B., LAIRSON, B., Bravman, J. C., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1989: 687–688
  • ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF SINGLE CRYSTALLINE BI2(SR,CA,LA)3CU2O8 INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MATERIALS AND MECHANISMS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY : HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS 2 LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., Wells, B. O., Borg, A., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1989: 1313–1314
  • EVIDENCE FOR AN INTRINSIC LINEAR TERM IN THE T-DEPENDENCE OF THE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF SUPERCONDUCTING YBA2CU3O7 AND BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MATERIALS AND MECHANISMS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY : HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS 2 Sparn, G., Baenitz, M., Horn, S., STEGLICH, F., Assmus, W., Wolf, T., Kapitulnik, A., Zhao, Z. X. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1989: 508–509
  • ORIENTATION DEPENDENT RESISTIVE TRANSITION BROADENING IN MAGNETIC-FIELD OF YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MATERIALS AND MECHANISMS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY : HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS 2 Eom, C. B., Sun, J. Z., Ryu, S., LADERMAN, S. S., Yamamoto, K., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 1989: 605–606
  • PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE (PR0.2LA0.8)(BA1.875LA0.125)CU3O7-DELTA SYSTEM SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 72 (6): 575-578
  • ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF CLEAN AND AG-COVERED SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE BI2SR2CUO6 PHYSICAL REVIEW B LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Wells, B. O., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 40 (13): 8769-8773
  • PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF ABSORPTION MECHANISMS IN BI2.0SR1.8CA0.8LA0.3CU2.1O8+DELTA, BABIO3, AND ND1.85CE0.15CUO4 PHYSICAL REVIEW B LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Wells, B. O., Dessau, D. S., Ellis, W. P., Borg, A., Kang, J. S., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 40 (13): 8840-8843
  • EFFECT OF ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTION ON THE THERMOELECTRIC-POWER IN DISORDERED METALLIC SYSTEMS PHYSICAL REVIEW B Hsu, J. W., Kapitulnik, A., Reizer, M. Y. 1989; 40 (11): 7513-7519
  • SPECTROSCOPIC EVIDENCE OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTER OF THE 90-K BI2(SR,LA,CA)3CU2O8 SUPERCONDUCTORS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Wells, B. O., Dessau, D. S., Borg, A., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 55 (11): 1141-1143
  • PHOTOTHERMAL MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS FANTON, J. T., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., KHURIYAKUB, B. T., Kino, G. S., Gazit, D., Feigelson, R. S. 1989; 55 (6): 598-599
  • THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF BI2.0SR1.8LA0.3CA0.8CU2.1O8+DELTA-SUPERCONDUCTORS STUDIED USING ULTRAVIOLET AND X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY PHYSICA C LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Dessau, D. S., Wells, B. O., Borg, A., Ellis, W., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 159 (5): 649-653
  • ORTHORHOMBIC DISTORTION AND CATION ORDERING IN Y2BA4CU8O16 AND ER2BA4CU8O16 HIGH-TC THIN-FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW B LADERMAN, S. S., Char, K., Lee, M., Hahn, M. R., Hammond, R. H., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A., Barton, R. 1989; 39 (16): 11648-11652
  • MEASUREMENTS ON THIN-FILM HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Kapitulnik, A., Char, K. 1989; 33 (3): 252-261
  • SYSTEMATIC EFFECTS IN THIN-FILM TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS OF YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS Lee, M., Naito, M., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R. 1989; 70 (4): 449-452
  • GROWTH AND PROPERTIES OF SPUTTERED HIGH-TC OXIDE THIN-FILMS IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS Char, K., Hahn, M. R., Hylton, T. L., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 25 (2): 2422-2425
  • PHOTOELECTRON ENERGY-LOSS STUDY OF THE BI2CASR2CU2O8 SUPERCONDUCTOR PHYSICAL REVIEW B Shen, Z. X., LINDBERG, P. A., Dessau, D. S., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Mitzi, D. B., Bozovic, I., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 39 (7): 4295-4298
  • PROPERTIES OF HIGH-TC OXIDE FIBERS FROM LASER HEATED PEDESTAL GROWTH IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS Sun, J. Z., Feigelson, R. S., Gazit, D., Fork, D., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 25 (2): 2014-2016
  • SURFACE IMPEDANCE STUDIES OF THE HIGH-TC OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS Hylton, T. L., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A., Carini, J. P., DRABECK, L., Gruner, G. 1989; 25 (2): 810-813
  • INSITU GROWTH OF SUPERCONDUCTING YBACUO USING REACTIVE ELECTRON-BEAM COEVAPORATION IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS Missert, N., Hammond, R., Mooij, J. E., Matijasevic, V., Rosenthal, P., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R., LADERMAN, S. S., Lu, C., GARWIN, E., Barton, R. 1989; 25 (2): 2418-2421
  • MAGNETIC-FLUX MOTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES OF THE HIGH-TC OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Sun, J. Z., Char, K., Hahn, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1989; 54 (7): 663-665
  • SYMMETRY OF THE OXYGEN HOLE STATES IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 INVESTIGATED BY XAS PHYSICA C Kuiper, P., Grioni, M., Sawatzky, G. A., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Santaniello, A., DEPADOVA, P., Thiry, P. 1989; 157 (2): 260-262
  • ORTHORHOMBIC AND TETRAGONAL STRUCTURES IN THE LA(BA2-YLAY)CU3O7-X SYSTEM SOLID STATE IONICS Newsam, J. M., Jacobson, A. J., GOSHORN, D. P., LEWANDOWSKI, J. T., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Xie, D., Yelon, W. B. 1989; 32-3: 1064-1079
  • THE ORIGIN OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA AS REVEALED BY SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY SCIENCE Kirk, M. D., Nogami, J., Baski, A. A., Mitzi, D. B., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Quate, C. F. 1988; 242 (4886): 1673-1675

    Abstract

    Real-space images with atomic resolution of the BiO plane of Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta) were obtained with a scanning tunneling microscope. Single-crystal samples were cleaved and imaged under ultrahigh vacuum conditions at room temperature. The images clearly show the one-dimensional incommensurate superstructure along the b-axis that is common to this phase. High-resolution images show the position of the Bi atoms, revealing the structural nature of the superlattice. A missing row of Bi atoms occurs either every nine or ten atomic sites in both (110) directions, accounting for the measured incommensurate periodicity of the superstructure. A model is proposed that includes missing rows of atoms, as well as displacements of the atomic positions along both the a- and c-axis directions.

    View details for Web of Science ID A1988R492900035

    View details for PubMedID 17730577

  • SURFACE-STRUCTURE OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+SIGMA HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS STUDIED USING LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LINDBERG, P. A., Shen, Z. X., Wells, B. O., Mitzi, D. B., LINDAU, I., SPICER, W. E., Kapitulnik, A. 1988; 53 (25): 2563-2565
  • WEAKLY COUPLED GRAIN MODEL OF HIGH-FREQUENCY LOSSES IN HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-FILMS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Hylton, T. L., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R., Carini, J. P., DRABECK, L., Gruner, G. 1988; 53 (14): 1343-1345
  • SITE-SELECTIVE DOPING AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN(LA1-YPRY)(BA2-XLAX)CU3O7+DELTA PHYSICAL REVIEW B Mitzi, D. B., Feffer, P. T., Newsam, J. M., Webb, D. J., Klavins, P., Jacobson, A. J., Kapitulnik, A. 1988; 38 (10): 6667-6676
  • TWO-DIMENSIONAL SUPERSTRUCTURE IN THE (001) PLANE OF BI2[CA,SR]3CU2O8+DELTA THIN-FILMS APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Marshall, A. F., Oh, B., Spielman, S., Lee, M., Eom, C. B., Barton, R. W., Hammond, R. H., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H. 1988; 53 (5): 426-428
  • ANALOGY BETWEEN Y2BA4CU8O16-X AND BI4CA2SR4CU4O16+X PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Char, K., Barton, R. W., Marshall, A. F., Kapitulnik, A., LADERMAN, S. S. 1988; 152 (5): 475-478
  • SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY OF THE A-B PLANES OF BI2(CA,SR)3CU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTAL AND THIN-FILM APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Kirk, M. D., Eom, C. B., Oh, B., Spielman, S. R., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Quate, C. F. 1988; 52 (24): 2071-2073
  • ORDERED-DEFECT STRUCTURE IN EPITAXIAL YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS PHYSICAL REVIEW B Marshall, A. F., Barton, R. W., Char, K., Kapitulnik, A., Oh, B., Hammond, R. H., LADERMAN, S. S. 1988; 37 (16): 9353-9358
  • PROPERTIES OF FILMS OF HIGH-TC PEROVSKITE SUPERCONDUCTORS PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Kapitulnik, A. 1988; 153: 520-526
  • MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AND DEPOSITION OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B Hellman, E. S., Schlom, D. G., Missert, N., Char, K., Harris, J. S., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A., Geballe, T. H., Eckstein, J. N., Weng, S. L., Webb, C. 1988; 6 (2): 799-803
  • FLUCTUATION CONDUCTIVITY IN INHOMOGENEOUS SUPERCONDUCTORS ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK B-CONDENSED MATTER Char, K., Kapitulnik, A. 1988; 72 (2): 253-259
  • OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS ON ORIENTED THIN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS - LACK OF EVIDENCE FOR EXCITONIC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Bozovic, I., Kirillov, D., Kapitulnik, A., Char, K., Hahn, M. R., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Kim, Y. H., Heeger, A. J. 1987; 59 (19): 2219-2221
  • REACTIVE MAGNETRON SPUTTERING OF THIN-FILM SUPERCONDUCTOR YBA2CU3O7-CHI APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Char, K., Kent, A. D., Kapitulnik, A., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H. 1987; 51 (17): 1370-1372
  • GROWTH OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-FILMS USING MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY TECHNIQUES APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Webb, C., Weng, S. L., Eckstein, J. N., Missert, N., Char, K., Schlom, D. G., Hellman, E. S., Beasley, M. R., Kapitulnik, A., Harris, J. S. 1987; 51 (15): 1191-1193
  • CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITIES AND TRANSPORT IN SUPERCONDUCTING YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS MADE BY ELECTRON-BEAM COEVAPORATION APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Oh, B., Naito, M., Arnason, S., Rosenthal, P., Barton, R., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Hammond, R. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1987; 51 (11): 852-854
  • SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND MAGNETISM IN THE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR Y-BA-CU-O PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Sun, J. Z., Webb, D. J., Naito, M., Char, K., Hahn, M. R., Hsu, J. W., Kent, A. D., Mitzi, D. B., Oh, B., Beasley, M. R., Geballe, T. H., Hammond, R. H., Kapitulnik, A. 1987; 58 (15): 1574-1576
  • ONSET OF FRACTAL GROWTH - STATICS AND DYNAMICS OF DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED POLYMERIZATION PHYSICAL REVIEW B Kaufman, J. H., NAZZAL, A. I., Melroy, O. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1987; 35 (4): 1881-1890
  • GROWTH INSTABILITY IN DIFFUSION CONTROLLED POLYMERIZATION SYNTHETIC METALS Kaufman, J. H., Melroy, O. R., Abraham, F. F., NAZZAL, A. I., Kapitulnik, A. 1987; 18 (1-3): 19-23
  • CALCULATED QUASI-EIGENSTATES AND QUASI-EIGENENERGIES OF QUANTUM-WELL SUPERLATTICES IN AN APPLIED ELECTRIC-FIELD JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Harwit, A., Harris, J. S., Kapitulnik, A. 1986; 60 (9): 3211-3213
  • ANOMALOUS STRUCTURES IN THIN IN-GE FILMS JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS Kapitulnik, A., LEREAH, Y., Deutscher, G., Voss, R. F. 1986; 4 (5): 2373-2376
  • STATICS AND DYNAMICS OF THE DIFFUSION-LIMITED POLYMERIZATION OF THE CONDUCTING POLYMER POLYPYRROLE PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Kaufman, J. H., Baker, C. K., NAZZAL, A. I., Flickner, M., Melroy, O. R., Kapitulnik, A. 1986; 56 (18): 1932-1935