Bio


Ram Rajagopal is an Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Stanford University, where he directs the Stanford Sustainable Systems Lab (S3L), focused on large-scale monitoring, data analytics and stochastic control for infrastructure networks, in particular, power networks. His current research interests in power systems are in the integration of renewables, smart distribution systems, and demand-side data analytics.

He holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and an M.A. in Statistics, both from the University of California Berkeley, Masters in Electrical and Computer Engineering from University of Texas, Austin and Bachelors in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He is a recipient of the NSF CAREER Award, Powell Foundation Fellowship, Berkeley Regents Fellowship and the Makhoul Conjecture Challenge award. He holds more than 30 patents and several best paper awards from his work and has advised or founded various companies in the fields of sensor networks, power systems, and data analytics.

Academic Appointments


Administrative Appointments


  • Co-Academic Director, Stanford Global Projects Center (2018 - Present)
  • Director and Founding Researcher, Stanford University Bits and Watts Lab (2016 - Present)

Honors & Awards


  • NSF CAREER Award, NSF (2016)

2024-25 Courses


Stanford Advisees


All Publications


  • Optimal coordination of electric buses and battery storage for achieving a 24/7 carbon-free electrified fleet Applied Energy Luke, J., Ribeiro, M., Martin, S., Balogun, E., Cezar, G. V., Pavone, M., Rajagopal, R. 2025; 377
  • Improving the Load Flexibility of Stratified Electric Water Heaters: Design and Experimental Validation of MPC Strategies IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Buechler, E., Goldin, A., Rajagopal, R. 2024

    View details for DOI 10.1109/TSG.2024.3366116

  • Estimating building energy efficiency from street view imagery, aerial imagery, and land surface temperature data APPLIED ENERGY Mayer, K., Haas, L., Huang, T., Bernabe-Moreno, J., Rajagopal, R., Fischer, M. 2023; 333
  • EV-EcoSim: A Grid-Aware Co-Simulation Platform for the Design and Optimization of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Balogun, E., Buechler, E., Bhela, S., Onori, S., Rajagopal, R. 2023

    View details for DOI 10.1109/TSG.2023.3339374

  • Assessing Californians' awareness of their daily electricity use patterns NATURE ENERGY Zanocco, C., Sun, T., Stelmach, G., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R., Boudet, H. 2022
  • DeepSolar++: Understanding residential solar adoption trajectories with computer vision and technology diffusion models JOULE Wang, Z., Arlt, M., Zanocco, C., Majumadaar, A., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 6 (11): 2611-2625
  • Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption NATURE ENERGY Powell, S., Cezar, G., Min, L., Azevedo, I. L., Rajagopal, R. 2022
  • Do water savings persist? Using survival models to plan for long-term responses to extreme drought ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS Bolorinos, J., Rajagopal, R., Ajami, N. K. 2022; 17 (9)
  • Can Distributed Intermittent Renewable Generation Reduce Future Grid Investments? Evidence from France JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION Astier, N., Rajagopal, R., Wolak, F. A. 2022
  • Constructing dynamic residential energy lifestyles using Latent Dirichlet Allocation APPLIED ENERGY Chen, X., Zanocco, C., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 318
  • Quick Line Outage Identification in Urban Distribution Grids via Smart Meters CSEE JOURNAL OF POWER AND ENERGY SYSTEMS Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 8 (4): 1074-1086
  • Large-scale scenarios of electric vehicle charging with a data-driven model of control ENERGY Powell, S., Cezar, G., Apostolaki-Iosifidou, E., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 248
  • <p>3D-PV-Locator: Large-scale detection of rooftop-mounted photovoltaic systems in 3D</p> APPLIED ENERGY Mayer, K., Rausch, B., Arlt, M., Gust, G., Wang, Z., Neumann, D., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 310
  • Scalable probabilistic estimates of electric vehicle charging given observed driver behavior APPLIED ENERGY Powell, S., Cezar, G., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 309
  • The Grid Under Extremes: Pandemic Impacts on California Electricity Consumption IEEE Power and Energy Magazine Bergman, D., Sun, T., Buechler, E., Zanocco, C., Rajagopal, R. 2022; 20 (6): 38-46

    View details for DOI 10.1109/MPE.2022.3199846

  • Software defined grid energy storage 9th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation Martin, S., Mosier, N., Nnorom, O., Ou, Y., Patel, L., Triebe, O., Cezar, G., Levis, P., Rajagopal, R. 2022: 10

    View details for DOI 10.1145/3563357.3564082

  • Effect of State of Charge Uncertainty on Battery Energy Storage Systems Martin, S., Onori, S., Rajagopal, R. ELSEVIER. 2022: 740-745
  • Global Changes in Electricity Consumption During COVID-19. iScience Buechler, E., Powell, S., Sun, T., Astier, N., Zanocco, C., Bolorinos, J., Flora, J., Boudet, H., Rajagopal, R. 2021: 103568

    Abstract

    Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic has altered electricity consumption can provide insights into society's responses to future shocks and other extreme events. We quantify changes in electricity consumption in 58 different countries/regions around the world from January-October 2020, and examine how those changes relate to government restrictions, health outcomes, GDP, mobility metrics, and electricity sector characteristics in different countries. We cluster the timeseries of electricity consumption changes to identify impact groupings that capture systematic differences in timing, depth of initial changes and recovery rate, revealing substantial heterogeneity. Results show that stricter government restrictions and larger decreases in mobility (particularly retail and recreation) are most tightly linked to decreases in electricity consumption, though these relationships are strongest during the initial phase of the pandemic. We find indications that decreases in electricity consumption relate to pre-pandemic sensitivity to holidays, suggesting a new direction for future research.

    View details for DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103568

    View details for PubMedID 34877481

  • A Statistical Methodology to Estimate Soiling Losses on Photovoltaic Solar Plants JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME Ribeiro, K., Santos, R., Saraiva, E., Rajagopal, R. 2021; 143 (6)

    View details for DOI 10.1115/1.4050948

    View details for Web of Science ID 000712321800010

  • The disaster resilience value of shared rooftop solar systems in residential communities EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA Patel, S., Ceferino, L., Liu, C., Kiremidjian, A., Rajagopal, R. 2021; 37 (4): 2638-2661
  • When the lights go out: Californians' experience with wildfire-related public safety power shutoffs increases intention to adopt solar and storage ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE Zanocco, C., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R., Boudet, H. 2021; 79
  • Mining the gap in long-term residential water and electricity conservation ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS Bolorinos, J., Rajagopal, R., Ajami, N. K. 2021; 16 (2)
  • Time and voltage domain load models for appliance-level grid edge simulation and control ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH Goldin, A., Buechler, E., Rajagopal, R., Rivas-Davila, J. 2021; 190
  • Joint Optimization of Autonomous Electric Vehicle Fleet Operations and Charging Station Siting 2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC) Luke, J., Salazar, M., Rajagopal, R., Pavone, M. 2021: 3340-3347
  • An OpenAI-OpenDSS framework for reinforcement learning on distribution-level microgrids 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Moy, K., Tae, C., Wang, Y., Henri, G., Bambos, N., Rajagopal, R. 2021
  • Data-Driven Load Modeling and Forecasting of Residential Appliances Ji, Y., Buechler, E., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2021
  • On the Interaction between Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems and Power Distribution Networks --- An Optimal Power Flow Approach IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems Estandia, A., Schiffer, M., Rossi, F., Luke, J., Kara, E. C., Rajagopal, R., Pavone, M. 2021
  • Energy resource control via privacy preserving data ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH Chen, X., Navidi, T., Rajagopal, R. 2020; 189
  • Improving Probabilistic Load Forecasting Using Quantile Regression NN With Skip Connections IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Zhang, W., Quan, H., Gandhi, O., Rajagopal, R., Tan, C., Srinivasan, D. 2020; 11 (6): 5442–50
  • Controlled workplace charging of electric vehicles: The impact of rate schedules on transformer aging APPLIED ENERGY Powell, S., Kara, E., Sevlian, R., Cezar, G., Kiliccote, S., Rajagopal, R. 2020; 276
  • Exploring household energy rules and activities during peak demand to better determine potential responsiveness to time-of-use pricing ENERGY POLICY Stelmach, G., Zanocco, C., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R., Boudet, H. S. 2020; 144
  • A Geometric Analysis of Power System Loadability Regions IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., Zhang, B. 2020; 11 (4): 3580–92
  • Data-Driven Load Modeling and Forecasting of Residential Appliances IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Ji, Y., Buechler, E., Rajagopal, R. 2020; 11 (3): 2652–61
  • Pavement performance assessment using a cost-effective wireless accelerometer system COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING Bajwa, R., Coleri, E., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P., Flores, C. 2020

    View details for DOI 10.1111/mice.12544

    View details for Web of Science ID 000515753200001

  • Consumption change detection for urban planning: monitoring and segmenting water customers during drought Water Resources Research Bolorinos, J., Ajami, N. K., Rajagopal, R. 2020; 56 (3)

    View details for DOI 10.1029/2019WR025812

  • Activity Detection And Modeling Using Smart Meter Data: Concept And Case Studies Wang, H., Henri, G., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2020
  • Multi-Service Battery Operation with Cloud Electricity Storage Rasouli, M., Sun, T., Pache, C., Panciatici, P., Maeght, J., Johari, R., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2020
  • Urban2Vec: Incorporating Street View Imagery and POIs for Multi-Modal Urban Neighborhood Embedding Wang, Z., Li, H., Rajagopal, R., Assoc Advancement Artificial Intelligence ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. 2020: 1013-1020
  • DeepSolar for Germany: A deep learning framework for PV system mapping from aerial imagery Mayer, K., Wang, Z., Arlt, M., Neumann, D., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2020
  • Unbalanced multi-phase distribution grid topology estimation and bus phase identification IET SMART GRID Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Liu, G., Zhao, Z., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 2 (4): 557-570
  • Submodularity of Storage Placement Optimization in Power Networks IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL Qin, J., Yang, I., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 64 (8): 3268–83
  • Reliability Value of Distributed Solar plus Storage Systems Amidst Rare Weather Events IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Wang, J., Qin, J., Zhong, H., Rajagopal, R., Xia, Q., Kang, C. 2019; 10 (4): 4476–86
  • Incentive mechanism for sharing distributed energy resources JOURNAL OF MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND CLEAN ENERGY Wang, J., Zhong, H., Qin, J., Tang, W., Rajagopal, R., Xia, Q., Kang, C. 2019; 7 (4): 837–50
  • Competition and Efficiency of Coalitions in Cournot Games With Uncertainty IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL OF NETWORK SYSTEMS Zhang, B., Johari, R., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 6 (2): 884–96
  • PaToPaEM: A Data-Driven Parameter and Topology Joint Estimation Framework for Time-Varying System in Distribution Grids IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Yu, J., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 34 (3): 1682–92
  • Structural Damage Detection and Localization with Unknown Postdamage Feature Distribution Using Sequential Change-Point Detection Method JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING Liao, Y., Kiremidjian, A. S., Rajagopal, R., Loh, C. 2019; 32 (2)
  • Efficient Customer Selection Process for Various DR Objectives IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Kwac, J., Kim, J., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 10 (2): 1501–8
  • Coordination of Distributed Energy Storage Under Spatial and Temporal Data Asymmetry IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Anderson, K., Rajagopal, R., El Gamal, A. 2019; 10 (2): 1184–94
  • An Energy Lifestyles Program for Tweens: A Pilot Study Mauriello, M., Zanocco, C., Stelmach, G., Flora, J., Boudet, H., Rajagopal, R., Assoc Comp Machinery ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. 2019
  • Curtailment Contract Design for HVAC Systems Arlt, M., Neumann, D., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2019: 3889-3894
  • Forecasting Residential Monthly Electricity Consumption using Smart Meter Data Ignatiadis, D., Henri, G., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2019
  • Siamese Generative Adversarial Privatizer for Biometric Data Oleszkiewicz, W., Kairouz, P., Piczak, K., Rajagopal, R., Trzcinski, T., Jawahar, C. V., Li, H., Mori, G., Schindler, K. SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG. 2019: 482–97
  • Congestion management within a multi-service scheduling coordination scheme for large battery storage systems Straub, C., Maeght, J., Pache, C., Panciatici, P., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2019
  • Urban MV and LV Distribution Grid Topology Estimation via Group Lasso IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Liu, G., Rajagopal, R. 2019; 34 (1): 12–27
  • DeepSolar: A Machine Learning Framework to Efficiently Construct a Solar Deployment Database in the United States JOULE Yu, J., Wang, Z., Majumdar, A., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 2 (12): 2605–17
  • Flexible Market for Smart Grid: Coordinated Trading of Contingent Contracts IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL OF NETWORK SYSTEMS Qin, J., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P. 2018; 5 (4): 1657–67
  • Tri-Level Expansion Planning for Transmission Networks and Distributed Energy Resources Considering Transmission Cost Allocation IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Wang, J., Zhong, H., Tang, W., Rajagopal, R., Xia, Q., Kang, C. 2018; 9 (4): 1844–56
  • Economic Benefits of Integrating Solar-Powered Heat Pumps Into a CHP System IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Wang, J., Zhong, H., Tan, C., Chen, X., Rajagopal, R., Xia, Q., Kang, C. 2018; 9 (4): 1702–12
  • Probabilistic baseline estimation based on load patterns for better residential customer rewards INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS Weng, Y., Yu, J., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 100: 508–16
  • Actively Calibrated Line Mountable Capacitive Voltage Transducer for Power Systems Applications IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 9 (5): 3942–53
  • PaToPa: A Data-Driven Parameter and Topology Joint Estimation Framework in Distribution Grids IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Yu, J., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 33 (4): 4335–47
  • Lifestyle Segmentation Based on Energy Consumption Data IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Kwac, J., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 9 (4): 2409–18
  • A scaling law for short term load forecasting on varying levels of aggregation INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 98: 350–61
  • Performance guaranteed state estimation for renewable penetration with improved meters JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE Weng, Y., Yu, J., Rajagopal, R. 2018: 323–31
  • Benchmarking building energy efficiency using quantile regression ENERGY Roth, J., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 152: 866–76
  • Good Consumer or Bad Consumer: Economic Information Revealed From Demand Profiles IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Yu, Y., Liu, G., Zhu, W., Wang, F., Shu, B., Zhang, K., Astier, N., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 9 (3): 2347–58
  • Robust Building Energy Load Forecasting Using Physically-Based Kernel Models ENERGIES Prakash, A., Xu, S., Rajagopal, R., Noh, H. 2018; 11 (4)

    View details for DOI 10.3390/en11040862

    View details for Web of Science ID 000434703400173

  • Finding the Right Consumers for Thermal Demand-Response: An Experimental Evaluation IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Albert, A., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 9 (2): 564–72
  • Outage Detection Using Load and Line Flow Measurements in Power Distribution Systems IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Sevlian, R., Zhao, Y., Rajagopal, R., Goldsmith, A., Poor, H. 2018; 33 (2): 2053–69
  • The wavelet transform as a Gaussian process for damage detection STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING Balafas, K., Kiremidjian, A. S., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 25 (2)

    View details for DOI 10.1002/stc.2087

    View details for Web of Science ID 000419935700024

  • Balancing marine ecosystem impact and freshwater consumption with water-use fees in California’s power markets: An evaluation of possibilities and trade-offs Balancing marine ecosystem impact and freshwater consumption with water-use fees in California’s power markets: An evaluation of possibilities and trade-offs Bolorinos, J., Yu, Y., Ajami, N. K., Rajagopal, R. 2018; 226 (C): 644-654
  • A Two-layer Decentralized Control Architecture for DER Coordination Navidi, T., El Gamal, A., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2018: 6019–24
  • Understanding Compressive Adversarial Privacy Chen, X., Kairouz, P., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2018: 6824–31
  • Good Consumer or Bad Consumer: Economic Information Revealed from Demand Profiles Yu, Y., Liu, G., Zhu, W., Wang, F., Shu, B., Zhang, K., Rajagopal, R., Astier, N., IEEE IEEE. 2018
  • Automatic Power Exchange for Distributed Energy Resource Networks: Flexibility Scheduling and Pricing Qin, J., Mather, J., Joo, J., Rajagopal, R., Poolla, K., Varaiya, P., IEEE IEEE. 2018: 1572–79
  • Context-Aware Generative Adversarial Privacy ENTROPY Huang, C., Kairouz, P., Chen, X., Sankar, L., Rajagopal, R. 2017; 19 (12)

    View details for DOI 10.3390/e19120656

    View details for Web of Science ID 000419007900025

  • Optimal bidding strategy for microgrids in joint energy and ancillary service markets considering flexible ramping products APPLIED ENERGY Wang, J., Zhong, H., Tang, W., Rajagopal, R., Xia, Q., Kang, C., Wang, Y. 2017; 205: 294–303
  • Distributed Energy Resources Topology Identification via Graphical Modeling IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Weng, Y., Liao, Y., Rajagopal, R. 2017; 32 (4): 2682-2694
  • Development of a Cost-Effective Wireless Vibration Weigh-In-Motion System to Estimate Axle Weights of Trucks COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING Bajwa, R., Coleri, E., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P., Flores, C. 2017; 32 (6): 443-457

    View details for DOI 10.1111/mice.12269

    View details for Web of Science ID 000404015200001

  • Data-driven planning of distributed energy resources amidst socio-technical complexities Nature Energy Jain, R. K., Qin, J., Rajagopal, R. 2017

    View details for DOI 10.1038/nenergy.2017.112

  • Regularization in Hierarchical Time Series Forecasting with Application to Electricity Smart Meter Data Ben Taieb, S., Yu, J., Barreto, M., Rajagopal, R., AAAI ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. 2017: 4474-4480
  • The Heterogeneity of Thermal Sensitivity of Residential Electricity Load between China and USA Yu, J., Zhou, Y., Tabone, M., Gao, Q., Tan, C., Kiliccote, S., Wu, L., Rajagopal, R., Assoc Comp Machinery ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. 2017
  • DEMAND AND FLEXIBILITY OF RESIDENTIAL APPLIANCES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS Ji, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2017: 1020–24
  • Robust Mapping Rule Estimation for Power Flow Analysis in Distribution Grids Yu, J., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2017
  • On Certainty Equivalence of Demand Charge Reduction Using Storage Yu, J., Qin, J., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2017: 3430–37
  • Energy Storage Sharing Strategy in Distribution Networks Using Bi-level Optimization Approach Chen, H., Yu, Y., Hu, Z., Luo, H., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2017
  • Data-Driven Joint Topology and Line Parameter Estimation for Renewable Integration Yu, J., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2017
  • The "Smart Dim Fuse": A New Approach to Load Control as a Distributed Energy Resource Goldin, A., Rajagopal, R., Rivetta, C., Davila, J., IEEE IEEE. 2017
  • Approximation Algorithms for Optimization of Combinatorial Dynamical Systems IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL Yang, I., Burden, S. A., Rajagopal, R., Sastry, S. S., Tomlin, C. J. 2016; 61 (9): 2644-2649
  • Data-Driven Targeting of Customers for Demand Response IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Kwac, J., Rajagopal, R. 2016; 7 (5): 2199-2207
  • Online Modified Greedy Algorithm for Storage Control Under Uncertainty IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Qin, J., Chow, Y., Yang, J., Rajagopal, R. 2016; 31 (3): 1729-1743
  • Scheduling Non-Preemptive Deferrable Loads IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS O'Brien, G., Rajagopal, R. 2016; 31 (2): 835-845
  • Distributed Online Modified Greedy Algorithm for Networked Storage Operation Under Uncertainty IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Qin, J., Chow, Y., Yang, J., Rajagopal, R. 2016; 7 (2): 1106-1118
  • Parking Sensing and Information System Sensors, Deployment, and Evaluation TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD Chen, X., Qian, Z. (., Rajagopal, R., Stiers, T., Flores, C., Kavaler, R., Williams, F. 2016: 81-89

    View details for DOI 10.3141/2559-10

    View details for Web of Science ID 000390618400011

  • Autoregressive Model for Individual Consumption Data - Sparsity Recovery and Significance Test Li, P., Zhang, B., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability of Microgrid Systems Yu, Y., Moy, K. R., Chapman, W. E., O'Neill, P. L., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Powernet for Distributed Energy Resource Networks Radovanovic, A., Ramesh, A., Koningstein, R., Fork, D., Weber, W., Kim, S., Schmalzried, J., Sastry, J., Dikovsky, M., Bozhkov, K., Pinheiro, E., Lebsack, C., Collyer, S., Somani, A., Rajagopal, R., Majumdar, A., Qin, J., Cezar, G., Rivas, J., El Gamal, A., Gruenich, D., Chu, S., Kiliccote, S., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Structural Health Monitoring approach for detecting ice accretion on bridge cable using the Haar Wavelet Transform Andre, J., Kiremidjian, A., Liao, Y., Georgakis, C., Rajagopal, R., Lynch, J. P. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2016

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.2219392

    View details for Web of Science ID 000382319400011

  • Angular Velocity-based Structural Damage Detection Liao, Y., Kiremidjian, A. S., Rajagopal, R., Loh, C., Lynch, J. P. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2016

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.2219398

    View details for Web of Science ID 000382319400048

  • Predictability, Constancy and Contingency in Electric Load Profiles Wu, C., Tang, W., Poolla, K., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Model and Data Analysis of Two-Settlement Electricity Market with Virtual Bidding Tang, W., Rajagopal, R., Poolla, K., Varaiya, P., IEEE IEEE. 2016: 6645-6650
  • Submodularity of Energy Storage Placement in Power Networks Qin, J., Yang, I., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016: 686-693
  • Urban Distribution Grid Line Outage Identification Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Online Modified Greedy Algorithm for Storage Control Under Uncertainty Qin, J., Chow, Y., Yang, J., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Urban Distribution Grid Topology Reconstruction via Lasso Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2016
  • Shapley Value Estimation for Compensation of Participants in Demand Response Programs IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID O'Brien, G., El Gamal, A., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 6 (6): 2837-2844
  • Optimal allocation of computational resources in hydrogeological models under uncertainty ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES Moslehi, M., Rajagopal, R., de Barros, F. P. 2015; 83: 299-309
  • Ranking appliance energy efficiency in households: Utilizing smart meter data and energy efficiency frontiers to estimate and identify the determinants of appliance energy efficiency in residential buildings ENERGY AND BUILDINGS Kavousian, A., Rajagopal, R., Fischer, M. 2015; 99: 220-230
  • Wind Aggregation Via Risky Power Markets IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Zhao, Y., Qin, J., Rajagopal, R., Goldsmith, A., Poor, H. V. 2015; 30 (3): 1571-1581
  • Competition and Coalition Formation of Renewable Power Producers IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Zhang, B., Johari, R., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 30 (3): 1624-1632
  • Optimal dynamic pricing for morning commute parking TRANSPORTMETRICA A-TRANSPORT SCIENCE Qian, Z. (., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 11 (4): 291-316
  • Structural health monitoring of progressive damage EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS Mollineaux, M., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 44 (4): 583-600

    View details for DOI 10.1002/eqe.2562

    View details for Web of Science ID 000351176900006

  • Thermal Profiling of Residential Energy Use IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Albert, A., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 30 (2): 602-611
  • The impacts of electricity dispatch protocols on the emission reductions due to wind power and carbon tax. Environmental science & technology Yu, Y., Rajagopal, R. 2015; 49 (4): 2568-2576

    Abstract

    Two dispatch protocols have been adopted by electricity markets to deal with the uncertainty of wind power but the effects of the selection between the dispatch protocols have not been comprehensively analyzed. We establish a framework to compare the impacts of adopting different dispatch protocols on the efficacy of using wind power and implementing a carbon tax to reduce emissions. We suggest that a market has high potential to achieve greater emission reduction by adopting the stochastic dispatch protocol instead of the static protocol when the wind energy in the market is highly uncertain or the market has enough adjustable generators, such as gas-fired combustion generators. Furthermore, the carbon-tax policy is more cost-efficient for reducing CO2 emission when the market operates according to the stochastic protocol rather than the static protocol. An empirical study, which is calibrated according to the data from the Electric Reliability Council of Texas market, confirms that using wind energy in the Texas market results in a 12% CO2 emission reduction when the market uses the stochastic dispatch protocol instead of the 8% emission reduction associated with the static protocol. In addition, if a 6$/ton carbon tax is implemented in the Texas market operated according to the stochastic protocol, the CO2 emission is similar to the emission level from the same market with a 16$/ton carbon tax operated according to the static protocol. Correspondingly, the 16$/ton carbon tax associated with the static protocol costs 42.6% more than the 6$/ton carbon tax associated with the stochastic protocol.

    View details for DOI 10.1021/es5052099

    View details for PubMedID 25607824

  • Where Ds My Parking Spot? Online and Offline Prediction of Time-Varying Parking Occupancy TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD Tamrazian, A., Qian, Z. (., Rajagopal, R. 2015: 77-85

    View details for DOI 10.3141/2489-09

    View details for Web of Science ID 000370993500010

  • Pricing Sequential Forward Power Contracts Tang, W., Qin, J., Jain, R., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 563–68
  • Scheduling, Pricing, and Efficiency of Non-preemptive Flexible Loads under Direct Load Control Gupta, A., Jain, R., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 1008–15
  • Sequential Damage Detection based on the Continuous Wavelet Transform Liao, Y., Balafas, K., Rajagopal, R., Kiremidjian, A. S., Lynch, J. P., Wang, K. W., Sohn, H. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2015

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.2084495

    View details for Web of Science ID 000355726100024

  • Application of Acceleration-based Damage Detection Algorithms to Experimental Data from Multi-story Steel Structures Liao, Y., Balafas, K., Kiremidjian, A., Rajagopal, R., Loh, C., Chang, F. K., Kopsaftopoulos, F. DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC. 2015: 1139-1146
  • Stability of Interconnected DC Converters Cezar, G., Rajagopal, R., Zhang, B., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 9-14
  • Strategic scheduling of residential energy consumers Albert, A., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 3260-3265
  • Probabilistic Baseline Estimation via Gaussian Process Weng, Y., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015
  • Cost-of-service segmentation of energy consumers Albert, A., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015
  • Thermal profiling of residential energy use Albert, A., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015
  • An Actively Calibrated Capacitively Coupled Electrostatic Device for High Voltage Measurement Sevlian, R., Lizarazo, J., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015
  • Probabilistic Estimation of the Potentials of Intervention-Based Demand Side Energy Management Yu, J., Wcng, Y., Tan, C., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 865-870
  • Online Learning for Demand Response Kalathil, D., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015: 218-222
  • Distribution Grid Topology Reconstruction: An Information Theoretic Approach Liao, Y., Weng, Y., Wu, M., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2015
  • SnowFort: An Open Source Wireless Sensor Network for Data Analytics in Infrastructure and Environmental Monitoring IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Liao, Y., Mollineaux, M., Hsu, R., Bartlett, R., Singla, A., Raja, A., Bajwa, R., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 14 (12)
  • Special Issue on Sensing Technologies for Intelligent Urban Infrastructures IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Pandharipande, A., Calabrese, F., Lim, H., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 14 (12): 4121
  • Cost-of-Service Segmentation of Energy Consumers IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Albert, A., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 29 (6): 2795-2803
  • Optimal dynamic parking pricing for morning commute considering expected cruising time TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Qian, Z. (., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 48: 468-490
  • Optimal occupancy-driven parking pricing under demand uncertainties and traveler heterogeneity: A stochastic control approach TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART B-METHODOLOGICAL Qian, Z. (., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 67: 144-165
  • Network Risk Limiting Dispatch: Optimal Control and Price of Uncertainty IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL Zhang, B., Rajagopal, R., Tse, D. 2014; 59 (9): 2442-2456
  • Guest Editorial for the Special Series on Smart Grid Communications IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS Golmie, N., Smith, S., Tong, L., Dominguez-Garcia, A., Roy, S., Misic, J., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 32 (7): 1309-1311
  • Data-Driven Benchmarking of Building Energy Efficiency Utilizing Statistical Frontier Models JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Kavousian, A., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 28 (1): 79-88
  • Stochastic Dynamic Pricing: Utilizing Demand Response in an Adaptive Manner Tang, W., Jain, R., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2014: 6446–51
  • Price of Uncertainty in Multistage Stochastic Power Dispatch Qin, J., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2014: 4065-4070
  • A Model For The Effect of Aggregation on Short Term Load Forecasting IEEE PES General Meeting Sevlian, R. A., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2014
  • Do Wind Power Producers have Market Power and Exercise It? IEEE PES General Meeting Yu, Y., Zhang, B., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2014
  • Aggregation for Load Servicing IEEE PES General Meeting Patel, S., Sevlian, R., Zhang, B., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2014
  • RSSI-Fingerprinting-Based Mobile Phone Localization With Route Constraints IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY Ergen, S. C., Tetikol, H. S., Kontik, M., Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P. 2014; 63 (1): 423-428
  • Household Energy Consumption Segmentation Using Hourly Data IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID Kwac, J., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R. 2014; 5 (1): 420-430
  • Towards optimal allocation of computer resources: Trade-offs between uncertainty quantification, discretization and model reduction ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE Leube, P. C., de Barros, F. P., Nowak, W., Rajagopal, R. 2013; 50: 97-107
  • Sequential structural damage diagnosis algorithm using a change point detection method JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION Noh, H., Rajagopal, R., Kiremidjian, A. S. 2013; 332 (24): 6419-6433
  • Detection and Statistics of Wind Power Ramps IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R. 2013; 28 (4): 3610-3620
  • Smart Meter Driven Segmentation: What Your Consumption Says About You IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Albert, A., Rajagopal, R. 2013; 28 (4): 4019-4030
  • Determinants of residential electricity consumption: Using smart meter data to examine the effect of climate, building characteristics, appliance stock, and occupants' behavior ENERGY Kavousian, A., Rajagopal, R., Fischer, M. 2013; 55: 184-194
  • Data-Driven Forecasting Algorithms for Building Energy Consumption Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems Noh, H. Y., Rajagopal, R. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2013

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.2009894

    View details for Web of Science ID 000323283300022

  • Optimal Parking Pricing in General Networks with Provision of Occupancy Information Qian, Z., Rajagopal, R., Hoogendoorn, S. P., Knoop, V. L., VanLint, H. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. 2013: 779–805
  • Risk Limiting Dispatch in Congested Networks Znang, B., Rajagopal, R., Tse, D., IEEE IEEE. 2013: 7568-7575
  • Optimal stochastic control for parking systems: occupancy-driven parking pricing Qian, S., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2013: 7771-7776
  • Building dynamic thermal profiles of energy consumption for individuals and neighborhoods IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data) Albert, A., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013
  • Demand Response Targeting Using Big Data Analytics IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data) Kwac, J., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013
  • Dynamic Programming Solution to Distributed Storage Operation and Design General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society (PES) Qin, J., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013
  • Financial Transmission Rights Perform Well in Power Markets with High Penetration of Wind Energy? General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society (PES) Yu, Y., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013
  • Outage Detection in Power Distribution Networks with Optimally-Deployed Power Flow Sensors General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society (PES) Zhao, Y., Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R., Goldsmith, A., Poor, H. V. IEEE. 2013
  • Storage in Risk Limiting Dispatch: Control and Approximation American Control Conference (ACC) Qin, J., Su, H., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013: 4202–4208
  • A Method for Automatically Scheduling Notified Deferrable Loads American Control Conference (ACC) O'Brien, G., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013: 5080–5085
  • Utility Customer Segmentation Based on Smart Meter Data: Empirical Study IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) Kwac, J., Tan, C., Sintov, N., Flora, J., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013: 720–725
  • Oriented Wireless Sensing for Structural Health Monitoring 9th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (IWSHM) Mollineaux, M., Rajagopal, R., Kiremidjian, A., Balafas, K. DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC. 2013: 73–80
  • Risk Limiting Dispatch with Ramping Constraints IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) Qin, J., Zhang, B., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2013: 791–796
  • Sequential detection of progressive damage Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems Mollineaux, M., Rajagopal, R. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2013

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.2009887

    View details for Web of Science ID 000323283300023

  • Risk Limiting Dispatch in Congested Networks 50th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton) Rajagopal, R., Tse, D., Zhang, B. IEEE. 2013: 1900–1907
  • Risk-limiting dispatch for integrating renewable power INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS Rajagopal, R., Bitar, E., Varaiya, P., Wu, F. 2013; 44 (1): 615-628
  • Risky Power Forward Contracts for Wind Aggregation 51st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing Zhao, Y., Qin, J., Rajagopal, R., Goldsmith, A., Poor, H. V. IEEE. 2013: 54–61
  • Bringing Wind Energy to Market IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS Bitar, E. Y., Rajagopal, R., Khargonekar, P. P., Poolla, K., Varaiya, P. 2012; 27 (3): 1225-1235
  • Damage diagnosis algorithm using a sequential change point detection method with an unknown distribution for damage Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems Noh, H. Y., Rajagopal, R., Kiremidjian, A. S. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. 2012

    View details for DOI 10.1117/12.915409

    View details for Web of Science ID 000304192100005

  • Message-passing sequential detection of multiple change points in networks XuanLong Nguyen, Amini, A., Rajagopal, R., IEEE IEEE. 2012
  • Risk Limiting Dispatch General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society Entriken, R., Varaiya, P., Wu, F., Bialek, J., Dent, C., Tuohy, A., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2012
  • Optimal Electric Energy Storage Operation General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society Qin, J., Sevlian, R., Varodayan, D., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2012
  • Risk Limiting Dispatch of Wind Power American Control Conference (ACC) Rajagopal, R., Bitar, E., Wu, F., Varaiya, P. IEEE COMPUTER SOC. 2012: 4417–4422
  • Wind Power Ramps: Detection and Statistics General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society Sevlian, R., Rajagopal, R. IEEE. 2012
  • Simultaneous Optimization of Sensor Placements and Balanced Schedules IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL Krause, A., Rajagopal, R., Gupta, A., Guestrin, C. 2011; 56 (10): 2390-2405
  • Damage Diagnosis Algorithm for Civil Structures Using a Sequential Change Point Detection Method and Time-Series Analysis 8th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring Noh, H. Y., Rajagopal, R., Kiremidjian, A. S. DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC. 2011: 55–62
  • The Role of Co-located Storage for Wind Power Producers in Conventional Electricity Markets American Control Conference (ACC) Bitar, E., Rajagopal, R., Khargonekar, P., Poolla, K. IEEE. 2011: 3886–3891
  • Arterial Travel Time Estimation Based On Vehicle Re-Identification Using Magnetic Sensors: Performance Analysis 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) Sanchez, R. O., Flores, C., Horowitz, R., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P. IEEE. 2011: 997–1002
  • Real-Time Measurement of Link Vehicle Count and Travel Time in a Road Network IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS Kwong, K., Kavaler, R., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P. 2010; 11 (4): 814-825
  • Arterial travel time estimation based on vehicle re-identification using wireless magnetic sensors TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Kwong, K., Kavaler, R., Rajagopal, R., Varaiya, P. 2009; 17 (6): 586-606
  • Distributed Online simultaneous fault detection for multiple sensors 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION PROCESSING IN SENSOR NETWORKS, PROCEEDINGS Rajagopal, R., Nguyen, X., Ergen, S. C., Varaiya, P. 2008: 133-144
  • Universal quantile estimation with feedback in the communication-constrained setting 2006 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION THEORY, VOLS 1-6, PROCEEDINGS Rajagopal, R., Wainwright, M. J., Varaiya, P. 2006: 836-840
  • Peak locations in all-pass signals the Makhoul Conjecture Challenge 2001 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS I-VI, PROCEEDINGS Rajagopal, R., Wenzel, L. 2001: 3961-3964